Dzidza Zvinhu Zvinokosha Usati Watenga
Kusarudza Mari Yakanakisisa yeBhandi yeZvipo Zvokuwana
Zvikwereti zvakarongerwa sezvikwereti zvinogadziriswa; saka mari inowanzoita chinangwa chekushandisa mari yekutengeserana mari. Mari inowanikwa kune rimwe dhi rekubhadhara chikwereti. Semuenzaniso, munhu anosunga bhizimusi achabhadhara chikwereti, chinonzi chikwata , kune muchengeti (mutengesi) pane imwe yero yakatarwa kwenguva yakatarwa (nguva). Kana akachengetwa kuhutano, uye mubhadhadzi wehutano haaisi zvachose, mubhadhadziro achagamuchira mari yose yekutora uye 100% yemudzidzo wavo mukuru shure kwekupedzisira kwegore.
Asi munyaya yehutano pamwe chete, mari inobatanidzwa ichabatisa mazana kana mazana emabatanidzwa uye ichapfuura pamwe nemari yekubhadhara, zvishoma mari yekubhadhara mari, kune mutual fund investors. Paunenge uchitsvaga mari yakanakisisa yemari yekuwana mari, iwe unoda kutarisa kwemazuva makumi maviri ekuberekwa kwe SEC , izvo zvinoreva chibereko chekuverenga chinobva pamazuva makumi matatu ekupera kwezuva rekupedzisira remwedzi wapfuura.
Chibereko chiripo chinoratidza zvikamu uye chikwereti chakawanikwa munguva iyo, mushure mekuderedzwa kwemari mari.
Iko SEC inobereka isiri yezvibereko mutengi anogamuchira mugore rimwe achifunga kuti humwe hutano huri muhofisi hunoitwa huripo kusvika pakukura. Asi chengetedza mupfungwa kuti bhadha mari yekuchengetedza (iyo yevimbiso yezvisungo) haibatanidzwi kukura uye mari yezvisungo haisi "yakakura." Zvisinei, iyo 30-Day SEC Inobereka ichiripo inopa ruzivo rwakakwana kuvashambadzi nokuti inobatsira kuenzanisa mari, inoratidzirwa sezana, inotarisirwa pakugadzirisa zvinangwa.
Mari yeBond inoshumawo Imba yeTrailing Twelve-Month (TTM), asi chibereko ichi chinoratidza zvekare uye zvingasava zvakafanana mugore rinotevera. Mumakore gumi apfuura, mari yezvisungo yehutano yakave yakanyanyisa pasi, izvo zvave zvichiita kuti pave nechido chakasimba muhomwe yepamusoro yezvibereko mari. Uyewo inozivikanwa sejunk bond funds , mari yakakwirira-yekushambadzira mari inotakura misika yepamusi uye varimi vanofanira kushandira pavanenge vachiita mari idzi.
Kuisa mari muBond Funds yekuDhiversification
Chimwe chinangwa chekutsvaga mari muzvisungo zvemari ndeyekusiyana -siyana . Bond yemitengo inofambisa kune zvakasiyana nedzimwe shanho yemari. Saka kana Federal Reserve Board ichiratidza kuti ichaderedza chikwereti chavo chekuda kubhadharwa kubhengi, mutengo wezvisungo unowanzoenda kumusoro. Uye Kudha kazhinji kunowedzera pasi apo hupfumi hahuna simba.
Saka zvibatanidzwa zvehurumende zvinogona kuita zvakanaka apo hupfumi uye mushambadziro hazviiti. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vashandi vakawanda vanoda kufambisa mari yezvisungo muzvikwata zvavo zvekupa huwandu hwekugadzirisa uye kugadzikana apo mari yavo yekutengeserana mari inogona kuwira mumutengo.
Nhengo yakanakisisa yebhadharo yemari yakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa mari yakawanda yemari yemari, yakadai seVanguard Total Bond Market Index (VBMFX), iyo inoda kudzorera kudzoka kweBarclay's Aggregate US Bond Index , yakazara bond index inobatanidza zvisungo zvakawanda zveAmerica uye dzimwe nyika dzisungo inoshandiswa muUnited States
Vazhinji vatengesi vanotsvaka kutsvaga havataridzi mari yezvisungo pamwe nezvibereko zvakanyanya; ivo vachazotsvaka mari yakafanana neVBMFX iyo inobata marudzi ose ezvisungo pamadhura asina mari kana kuti zvishoma mari nemari iri pasi- inodhura mari .
Kusarudza Bhuku Rekutsvaga Kwemari Kubhadhara Mari Yenyu
Sezvo kusungirwa kwehutano mari ndeyekuchengetedza mari, iwe unoda kuita zvose zvaunogona kuti udzivise mitero pane iyo mari. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uine sarudzo, zvinowanzoita kuti uwane mari yezvisungo mukodhi yakabhadhara mari yakafanana neIvidual Retirement Account (IRA) kana 401 (k). Mari inowanikwa nemari uye mari inowanikwa muzvikwereti haibhadharwi mari apo iwe unobata mari mumabhuku aya. Pane kudaro, mutero "unoderedzwa" kusvikira iwe uchitora zvishoma. Saka mari yezvisungo inobatsira zvikuru kubva pakuwedzera kwechido, uye ichakura nokukurumidza, mune imwe nhoroondo yakabhadhara mitero.
Kana iwe uchida kana uchida kuchengetedza mari yezvisungo mukambani yakabhadharwa yekwereti, iwe unogona kufunga nezvekuisa mari mumunishuwarenzi mari . Kunyange zvazvo zvibereko zvemasimende mari yehurumende zvinowanzopera kupfuura iyo yebhadhadziro yekusungirwa mari, iyo inofarira kubva kumasangano emunharaunda isingabhadhara mitero kune Federal Federal tax rate. Uye kana hurumende inosungirirwa inobva kuhurumende maunogara, mutero wemari, kana zvichibvira, unogona kusununguka pamatunhu enyika. Iwe unogona kutarisa komisheni yezvisungo mari inotenga chete masisita emasisita mukati memamiriro ako enyika. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchigara kuNew York, unogona kutsvaga mari yeNew York municipal bond bond seVanguard New York Tax-Exempt Fund (VNYTX).
Shandisai Mari Yenyu Yemari Nechinangwa Chekushandisa Mari
Tatove takavhara mari yekuita mari yezvisungo zvekuwana mari uye kubhadhara mari yezvisungo zvekutengeserana. Asi iwe unodawo kuva nechokwadi chekuti chinangwa chako chekutsvaga mari, kunyanya nguva yako yekutarisa, inofananidzwa nemhando yakanakisisa yezvisungo zvebato.
Semuenzaniso, kana uri kutarisa mari yakanakisisa yekusungirwa mari inogona kuwana chikwereti chakakwirira kudarika CD kana kuti mari yekuchengetera pabhangi, uye kune mukana unoda kubvisa zvimwe kana mari yako yose mukati memakore maviri kusvika maviri, pfupi-time bond bond kana kuti ultra-pfupi-term bond bond ingasarudza kusarudza.
Kana kubata kwako kwenguva yakareba kudarika makore matatu, unogona kuisa mari inenge chero ipi zvayo yezvisungo zvehurumende zvinosangana nezvimwe zvinangwa zvako, zvakadai semari kana mari yakasiyana-siyana.
Paunenge uchifananidza mari yezvisungo kune chinangwa chako chekutsvaga mari, iva nechokwadi chekuyeuka kuti mari yezvisungo inogona kuderera mukukosha. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvingava kuchenjera kusashandisa mari yezvisungo zvachose. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uchifunga kuti uchada kubvisa mari mugore risati rapera, mari yezvisungo (kana mari ipi zvayo yemari yeiyo nyaya) haisi kusarudza kwakachenjera.