Sarudzo Makambani
Sarudzo dzekutengeserana kwekutengeserana kusarudzwa kwemasangano, pamwe nediki duku rekutengesa chikwata chiri chikwata chimwe. Zvisarudzo zvibvumirano zvinotsanangura zviyero zvekutengesa zvemusika, zvakadai sorudzi rwekusarudza, kupera kwezuva kana zuva rekushanda, chikwata chemasikirwo, uye chikamu chinokosha. Somuenzaniso, chibvumirano chekushandiswa kweZG (Gold 100 Troy Ounce) mushamba wekutsvaga ndeyotevera:
- Chiratidzo (IB / Sierra Chart format): ZG (OZG / OZP)
- Zuva rokupera (saFebruary 2007): March 27, 2007 (chibvumirano chaApril 2007)
- Shanduro: ECBOT
- Mari: USD
- Kuwedzera / Mutengo unokosha: $ 100
- Itikiti wekusimbisa / Minimum price change: 0.1
- Isai kukosha / Minimum price value: $ 10
- Kurwadzisa kana kutengesa mutengo nguva: $ 5, $ 10, uye $ 25
- Dzidzira maitiro: US
- Kutumirwa: a Futures contract
Chibvumirano chebvumirano chinotsanangurwa kune imwe kontrakiti, saka nhamba yekoti inoratidzwa pamusoro apa inonzi kukosha kwechibvumirano. Kana bhizimusi richiitwa nekambani imwechete, kereke inowedzera zvakakodzera.
Semuenzaniso, shanduro yakagadzirwa pamusika weZG pamwe nemitambo mitatu yaizove yakaenzana neyakakosha ye 3 X $ 10 = $ 30, izvo zvinoreva kuti kune imwechete 0.1 kuchinja mumutengo, kushandiswa kwebhizimusi kana kurasikirwa kwaizochinja ne $ 30.
Danidzira uye Put
Zvisarudzo zvinowanikwa seChenyo kana Puti, zvichienderana nokuti vanopa kodzero yekutenga, kana kodzero yekutengesa.
Kudana kusarudzwa kunopa muridzi kodzero yekutenga zvinhu zvepanyika, uye Put options anoshandisa kodzero yekutengesa zvinhu zvayo. Kutenga kana kutengesa zvakanaka kunotanga kushanda apo sarudzo inoshandiswa, iyo inogona kuitika pazuva rokupera ( zvisarudzo zveEurope ), kana panguva ipi zvayo kusvikira zuva rokupera ( zvasarudzwa neU.S. ).
Kufanana nemamangwana emangwana , magadziro ezvigaro anogona kutengeswa kumativi maviri (kumusoro kana pasi). Kana mutengesi achifunga kuti misika ichakwira, ivo vachazotenga Call, uye kana vachifunga kuti misika ichaenda pasi, ivo vachazotenga Put. Panewo dzimwe nzira dzingasarudzwa dzinosanganisira kutenga zvose Call uye Put, uye pane iyi, mutengesi haatarisi kuti mutengesi unofamba sei.
Yakareba uye Yfupi
Nemisika yemasarudzo, sezveramangwana yemangwanani, kwenguva refu uye pfupi zvinoreva kutenga uye kutengesa imwechete kana dzimwe mikonti, asi kusiyana nemagwisi emangwana, havatauri kutungamirirwa kwebhizimisi. Semuenzaniso, kana mune ramangwana rekutengeserana rakapinda nokutenga kontrakiti, bhizimusi nderokutengeserana kwenguva refu, uye mutengesi anoda kuti mutengo upiwe, asi nekusarudza, bhizimusi rinogona kupinda nekutenga chikwangwani che Put, uye ichiri kutengeserana kwenguva refu, kunyange mutengesi anoda kuti mutengo uende pasi.
Chati inotevera inogona kubatsira kutsanangura izvi zvakare:
Futures
- Rudzi rwekupinda: Tenga
- Mazano: Up
- Rudzi rwebhizimisi: Rurefu
- Rudzi rwekupinda : Tengesai
- Nhungamiro: Kuderedza
- Rudzi rwebhizimisi: Pfupi
Sarudzo
- Rudzi rwekupinda: Call
- Mazano: Up
- Rudzi rwebhizimisi: Rurefu
- Rudzi rwekupinda: Isa
- Nhungamiro: Kuderedza
- Rudzi rwebhizimisi: Rurefu
Kungoti Kungozi kana Ngozi Isingaenzaniswi
Nheyo dzekushambadzira zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kunge dziri refu kana zviduku uye dzinogona kuva nematambudziko maviri akasiyana ekubhadhara mari. Dambudziko rekupa mubairo maitiro akawanda kwenguva refu uye mafupi mashizha ndeaya anotevera:
Long Trade
- Rudzi rwekupinda: Tenga Call kana Put
- Kubatsira: Unlimited
- Njodzi inogona kuitika: Inopera kune premium yaunosarudza
Short Trade
- Rudzi rwekupinda : Tengeserai Call kana Put
- Mari inobatsira: Kusinganisirwa kune premium yokusarudza
- Njodzi inogona kuitika: Unlimited
Sezvinoratidzwa pamusoro apa, maitiro mashoma ezvokutengeserana ane unlimited pfuma inokwanisa, uye pangozi yengozi, asi maitiro mashomanana ezvokutengeserana ane zvishoma zvingabatsirwe uye mari isingagumi.
Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi kuongororwa kwakakwana kwematambudziko, uye muzvokwadi, maitiro mashomanana okutengeserana haasisina ngozi kune hutengi hwemabhizimisi (uye chaizvoizvo ane ngozi shoma kupfuura kutenga uye kubata mashizha).
Sarudzo Premium
Kana mutengesi achitenga chikwangwani chekusarudza (zvichida Call kana Put), vane kodzero dzakapiwa nekontrakiti, uye nokuda kwekodzero idzi, vanobhadhara mari yepamusoro kune mutengesi anotengesa kambani yekusarudza. Iyi mitero inonzi premium yekusarudza, iyo inowanzobva mune imwe yemakakiti ezvimwe kune imwe, uyewo mukati memakethe ezvimwechete zvichienderana nepo iyo premium inorongwa. Iko yekutanga yekutsvaga inotaridzika kushandisa nhatu huru dzedzero, dzinotevera:
- In, At, or Out of the Money: Kana sarudzo iri mumari, iyo inotangira ichava nehuwandu hwekuwedzera nokuti sarudzo inenge iri mune purogiramu, uye purogiramu ichawanikwa nokukurumidza kune mutengi wechisarudzo. Kana chisarudzo chiri pamari, kana kunze kwemari, kukosha kwayo hakuzovi nehuwandu hwekuwedzera nokuti zvasarudzo hazvisati zvabatsiri.
- Nguva Yakakosha: Zvose zvinoshandiswa pakubvumirana zvine nguva yekupera, mushure mokunge vasava vasina maturo. Nenguva yakawanda iyo inosarudzwa ine nguva isati yapera, nguva yakawanda inowanikwa yekusarudza kupinda mubatsiro, saka kuwedzera kwayo kuchava nenguva yakawedzerwa kukosha. Nguva shomanana iyo yaunosarudza ine kusvikira zuva rayo rapera, nguva shomanana iripo inowanikwa kuti sarudzo inopinda mubatsiro, saka iyo inotangira ichave yakaderera nguva yakawedzerwa yepamusoro kana pasina nguva yakawedzerwa kukosha.
- Kuratidzira: Kana musarudzo yekusarudza yakanyanyisa (kureva kuti kana mutengo waro wezuva nezuva wakakura), iyo yepamusoro ichava yakakwirira, nokuti sarudzo inogona kuita mari yakawanda kune mutengi. Kusiyana naizvozvo, kana musarudzo dzekusarudza hazvikwanisi (kureva kuti kana mutengo wawo wezuva nezuva uri muduku), iyo yekutanga inenge iri pasi. Iko kusarudzwa kwemusika kwekutsvaga kunotaridzika kushandiswa kushandiswa kwaro kwemazuva ekutengesa kwemazana , iyo yakadhura mutengo yakatarwa, uye iyo yakatarwa mutengo yakatarisana zuva rayo rapera, achishandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutengesa mitengo.
Kupinda uye Kubuda muHurumende
A long options options inoshandiswa nekutenga chikwangwani chekusarudza uye kubhadhara premium kune zvashambadziri mutengesi. Kana iyo misika inotungamira mune zvaidiwa, sarudzo dzekugadzirira dzichauya muzviwanikwa (mumari). Kune nzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzokuti mune mari yekusarudzwa inogona kuchinjwa kuti ive yakawanikwa inobatsira. Chokutanga ndechokutengesa chibvumirano ( sezveramangwana zvibvumirano ) uye kuchengetedza musiyano pakati pekutenga uye kutengesa mitengo semubatsiro. Kutengesa chikamu chekusarudza kuti uende kunze kwekutengeserana kwakachengeteka nokuti kutengeswa ndekwebvumirano yekare. Nzira yechipiri yekubuda mubhizimusi ndeyokushandisa sarudzo uye kutora kubvumirana kwekambani yemagariro emangwana, iyo inogona kutengeswa kuti iwane purofiti. Nzira yakasarudzwa yekubuda mubhizimusi ndeyokutengesa kontrakiti, sezvo ichi chiri nyore kupfuura kudzidzira, uye munyaya yacho inobatsira zvikuru, nokuti sarudzo inogona kunge iine nguva yakasara inokosha.