Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora kukosha kweRule 7004 yeMitemo yeMutemo yeBanruptcy Procedure, iyo iyo inobhadhara kudzingisa mhosva, uye kuti yakasiyana sei noMurairo wechina weMitemo yeHurumende yeHurumende, iyo iyo inotonga mamwe marudzi ehurumende yezvematongerwe enyika.
Pakutanga uye Chinangwa cheBanruptruptcy Mitemo
Maererano neBhangeruptcy Rule 1001, "The Bankruptcy Rules uye Fomu dzinodzora nzira muzviitiko pasi pehurukuro 11 yeUnited States Code ... .Mitemo iyi inofanira kutorwa, inotarisirwa, uye inoshandiswa nedare uye mapato kuti awane vakarurama, vanokurumidza, uye inexpensive kusarudza kwematambudziko ose nekuenderera mberi. "
Kwenguva dzakawanda, kubhadhara kunowanzoita senzira yakafanana nekushanda kwehutano hwehupfumi hwevanhu, kunze kwekutonga. Asi, izvi hazvirevi kuti hapasi pfuma yakawanda yemikana yemapoka ekugadzirisa kukakavara zvakakomba kuti kuve nekutonga kwevatongi.
Mitemo yeBanruptcy Litigation
Kune mhando mbiri dzematare munyaya yekudarika. Imwe inonzi "nyaya yakakwikwidzana," iyo inowanzosabvumirana pakati pemapato pamusoro pekuti mamwe mazano ehurumende yekushungurudza ichashandiswa sei. Nyaya yakakwikwidzana inowanzotangwa nekuisa chirevo kana chikonzero.
Imwe inonzi "muvengi anoramba achienderera mberi." Vavengi ndivo mhaka dzematare dzinoparadzaniswa asi dzinobatanidza nehomwe huru bankruptcy case. Vanobatwa sehuwandu hwemhosva, uye vanotora muchengeti anowanzosangana nemuviri wemhosva.
Nyaya dzakawanda munyaya yekushungurudza inoitwa pasi pemitemo mu 7000 mitezo ye Federal Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure.
Mhemberero ye7000 inoshandiswa mune muvengi anopfuurira. Zvimwe zvezvikamu 7000 zvinoshandiswa pakurwisana nenyaya. Kubhadhara Rule 7004 inoshanda kune vose.
Nheyo dzeDare reBanruptcy Tsvarakiso dzinowanzotarisa Federal Federal Rules for Civil Procedure rakashandiswa nedzimwe sangano rezvematongerwo enyika rezvematongerwo enyika. Zvechokwadi, mazhinji emitemo yebhishopu inosanganisira mutemo wehurumende unoenderana, kana zvimwe zvikamu zvayo.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kune zvakakosha kusiyana nekuti mitemo yebhangi inogadzirirwa kutonga kwakanaka uye kuderedza mari kuitira kuti kuchengetedza mari yakawanda yepasitoriki sezvinobvira kuitira kubhadhara chikwereti. Kusiyana uku kunogona kuvhiringidza vashandi vanoshandiswa kushanda pasi pemitemo yevanhu vomunharaunda, uye vanogona kuva dambudziko rakaoma kune vasina kuchenjera.
Summons Under Under Bankruptcy Rule 7004 uye Mutemo weChibvumirano 4
Kubhadhara Rule 7004 uye hurumende Civil Rule 4 inotonga mapurisa, uye kuti mhosva inoshandiswa sei kumusungiridzi. Pamusoro penyika yepamusoro, mazita ehurumende ndeyekuda kuonekwa pamberi pedare. Mukuita, iri chiziviso chinobva kumatare kuti muchengeti atumira mhosva kumusungiridzi. Ichaenda pamwe chete nekopi yekunyunyuta iyo yakatanga kupomerwa mhosva, uye ichazivisa mutongi wemisi yakakodzera, kusanganisira zuva rokupedzisira apo mumiririri anogona kuisa mhinduro kumutsotsi.
Iyo Ruponeso 7004 uye Rute 4 rwakasiyana
Mutemo 7004 unopesana neMurairo 4 nenzira mbiri huru: nzira inoshandiswa sei uye ndiani anogona kushandiswa. Uye, nokuti mhinduro yezuva iri yakasiyana, tichakanda izvozvo mumusanganiswa zvakare.
Basa Rinoitwa Sei? Mukusagadzikana kwekodzero dzehurumende, Mutemo wechina unoda kuti kukwirira kuve kunoshandiswa kune mumiririri nemushandi webasa (mumwe munhu ane makore gumi nemasere uye kwete mutambo kune mhosva).
Nzira iyi inowanikwawo mumatare ekubhadharisa, asi Bankruptcy Rule 7004 inofamba mberi uye inobvumira kushanda neklasi yekutanga mail. Kunyange zvazvo iri iri mari yakawanda uye nguva yakakosha kumunhu anomutaurira, inogona kukonzera dambudziko apo mumiririri anogamuchira chikumbiro mutsamba uye haanzwisisi kuti nguva yekupindura inopera.
Cherechedza kuti basa rinogona kuitwawo nekudhinda mumamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kana maererano nemirairo yedare.
Ndiani Anogona Kushumirwa? Chechipiri chikuru chakasiyana pakati peRule 4 neBasingruptcy Rule 7004 ine nyaya dzehutongi hwehutongi hwevatongi. Kunze kwekuti nyaya yacho inosanganisira mubvunzo wezvematongerwo enyika, dare redare rehurumende richava nehutongi kune avo vanopomera avo vane hutano hwakakwana mukati mehurumende apo dare renyika rinogara.
Kusiyana neizvi, dare redzimhosva rebhishopu rinowedzera kune "chero mumiririri wekuremekedza nyaya pasi pe [Coderuptcy] Code kana kutongwa kwehurumende kunobva pasi pe [Coderuptcy] Code, kana kuti inopinda kana yakabatana nedare iri pasi pe [Bankruptcy] Code , "Pasinei nokuti mumiririri ari kuUnited States. FRBP 7004 (f).
Ona mitemo yemiganhu yakawedzerwa pamusangano wevanhu vanokosha sevana kana makambani.
Ndeipi Mhinduro Kana Kuti Mhinduro? Imwezve nyaya inobvunzurudza, kunyange iyo isiri chikamu cheRule 7004. Nguva yakatarwa yekupindura inopesana zvichienderana nokuti nyaya yacho iri muDare Repamusoro kana Bankruptcy Court, uye kana nyaya yacho inopikisa kana nyaya yakakwikwidzana. Idzi ndiyo mitemo yakawanda, uye inogona kuchinjwa nedare, kana mamwe mitemo inogona kushanda.
- Sangano rehurumende rezvematongerwo enyika: Pasi pemutemo 12 (a), mumatare ehurumende muDare reMudunhu reU.S., mutsigiri anofanira kupindura mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu kubva musi webasa .
- Bankruptcy Adversary : Maererano neRule 7012 (a), mutsigiri anofanira kupindura mhandu mukati memazuva 30 mushure mekunge masheti akabudiswa nemubharani wedare rekudarika.
- Kubhadhara Kubvumirwa Matter: Maererano neRule 9006 (d), chirevo chinofanira kushandiswa kwemazuva masere (7) isati yasvika, uye mhinduro chero ipi zvayo inofanira kuiswa mushure mezuva rimwe asati anzwa. Ona Bankruptcy Mitemo Rule 9006 uye Rule 9014.
Summary:
Bankruptcy Adversary:
- Nekutanga Kirasi Mail,
- kunenge chero munhu wose muUnited States;
- Nguva yakatarwa yekupindura ndeye mazuva makumi matatu mushure mokunge masheti acho akabudiswa nemabharani wedare rekudarika.
Bankruptcy Contested Matter:
- Nekutanga Kirasi Mail,
- kunenge chero munhu wose muUnited States;
- Nguva yakatarwa kupindura ndeye rimwe zuva zuva risati rasvika.
Federal Civil Litigation
- kuburikidza nebasa rega,
- zvinongororerwa kune avo vane dare vane kodzero dzavo;
- Nguva yakatarwa kupindura ndeye mazuva makumi maviri mushure mokunge mutongi ari kushandiswa.