Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzekugovera zvidzidzo maChikoro A, Chikamu B, uye Chikamu C. Cheji yega yega yega yega inoda kutungamirirwa uye yekubhadhara mari , uye vazhinji vanodzidza chikoro vanopa mari 12b-1.
Mafambisi Akutarisira uye Mafambisi Anoshanda
Vose mapoka emakambani emari pamwe chete anotakura mari iyo inobhadharwa kubva mune mari yemari kusvika kune vauri vemazano ekutsvaga mari (kunze kwekubhadhara mupi wevanotengesa mari). Mune mamwe mazwi, vatengesi vanoona mari iyi sekuderedzwa kwemari yavo yekudzorera maererano nebhadharo pamabhanki avo kana mukutaura kwemari.
Mari nezvikwereti zvinosiyana zvikuru kubva mune mari yekubhadhara uye zvinogona kubva pane zvishoma kubva pane 10 kubva muzana kusvika kune 2.00 muzana, zvichienderana nekutengeswa kwemaitirwo , mari yemari, mari yemari , yekambani yekambani, uyewo chikamu chechikwata.
12b-1 Mari
SEC Rule 12b-1 inobvumira mutero wekutengeserana kubhadhara kugovera nekugoverwa kwevashandi vemari mari kune vatengesi kuti vatsigire ivo kutengesa uye kutengesa mari yavo yemari .
Sangano reMarikiti Regulatory Authority (FINRA) rinogadzirisa hukuru hwezvikwereti zve12b-1 kusvika pa1,00 muzana. Iyi mitero inotorwa zvakananga kubva kune mari yehupfumi (kureva kuti, mubhadhari haaoni mari pamabhangi ebhangi kana kutengeserana).
Chikoro A Zvikamu
Kirasi A mavoti anowanzova nechekupedzisira-kutengesa mari (inonziwo " mutoro ").
Mutoro unobhadharwa kune mupi mazano ekutenga mari yekutengeserana kune vashandi . Sangano re Securities and Exchange (SEC) haritauri kuvhara kwehuwandu hwekutengesa mitoro inoshandiswa nehomwe, asi FINRA inokonzera kukanganisa kwe8,5 muzana (kunyange, maererano neS SEC, mari zhinji inotora zvishoma kudarika izvi).
Iwe unofanirwa kuvhara purojeti pamagumo ekupedzisira kutengesa mhosva kana iwe ukatenga chimwe chikwata (kana kuti uzvipira kuisa mari yakati) ye mutual fund, kana kana iwe ukatenga imwe mari yemari yakasiyana mukati memhuri imwechete yemari. Chikamu A chikamu, semari yose, inotakura mari yekushandisa mari yekubhadhara iyo inobhadharwa nekambani yekubhadhara mari yekugadzirisa mari yehupfumi. Zvikamu zvizhinji zveChikoro Awo zvinotakurawo 12b-1 mubhadharo (.25 muzana inowanikwa) iyo inobhadharwa kune mupi wehupi hwekupa rubatsiro rwekuita.
Chikamu B Zvikamu Zvimwewo Zvine Mari
Zvitsva zveChikamu B hazvirevi kutengesa-kumagetsi kutengesa mhosva, asi zvinotakura chikwereti chakatengesa kutengesa (CDSC) uye yepamusoro 12b-1 mubhadharo (1 muzana yakajairika). ICDSC ndeyekubhadhara kwavanenge vatengesa vachifanira kutengesa zvikamu zvavo muchikwata chisati chapiwa. ICDSC haibhadharwi kune mupi wezano asi iyo inobhadharwa nekambani yemari yekuvhara mari yakasiyana-siyana.
Izvi zvinosanganisira kutumira mberi kumurangi (kazhinji zvakakwirira kupfuura 4 muzana). Kamwe zvakare, vatengesi havasi kuona izvi zviri mberi zvimaripihwa kune mupi wezano.
Nhamba yeCDSC inotsanangurwa munharaunda yefambisi uye inotarirwa kuti mutengesi anotora zvikamu zvakadini. Vazhinji Vechikoro B share funds vane CDSC iyo inoderedzwa kusvika ku3 muzana mugore rekutanga uye mugore rechinomwe kutendeuka kuChikamu A chikamu (icho chisina kutora mhosva uye ine mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri-1).
Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uchitenga $ 10 000 zvekubhadhara mari yeClass B mugove, iyo yakazara $ 10 000 inotengeswa muchikwereti pakarepo (asi zvinopesana neChikamu A, chikamu chekutengesa chiri kutorwa kubva muhuwandu hwekutsvaga kwako). Zvisinei, kana iwe uchitengesa zvikamu izvi muchikwata chegore rokutanga, unogona kubhadhara CDSC ye5 muzana kuti udzikinure zvikamu zvako.
Chikoro C Mitsva uye Mari
Kazhinji, zvikamu zveChikoro hazvive nemutoro wepamusoro asi zvinotora CDSC ye1 muzana kwegore rimwe chete. Nhengo dzeClass C dzinowanzopa 12b-1 mari ye1 muzana uye haufaniri kutendeukira kuChikamu A magosi (iyo 12b-1 mubhadharo haisi kuderedzwa).
Kwete-Mutoro Wokugovana Une Mari
Hapana-mutual mutual fund shares ndeyezvipfeko zvekuita-iwe-iwe pachako vatengesi kana mazano avo vanobhadhara inotengeswa-inotengeswa mari yekubhadhara. Kwete-mitoro haina kutengesa mutengo uye kazhinji ine mari shoma yekudzivirira (uye hapana 12b-1 mari). Uyewo dzidza nezve Commingled Funds .