01 Bhuku Rokuchengetedza Mari
Ndezvipi Zvibatsiro?
Iko kunyanya kubatsirwa kweakaunti dzekuchengetedza ndiko kuchengetedza kwemari yako. Zvose mari yekuchengetera yakafukidzwa ne Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) iyo ichachengetedza mari yako kusvika kumadhora mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ega ega. Kana bhangi rakakundikana uye risingagoni kukupa nemari yako, FDC ichagadzirira iwe kuti udzorere mari yako.
Imwe iyo yakanaka inobatsira yezvikwereti izvi inoshandura mafungiro uye nyore kuwana mari yako. Iwe unogona kuisa mudiki kana yakawanda nguva zhinji uye udzose mari yako zvakare kana uchida. Mabhengi ekuchengetwa kwebhangi yakakosha kune mari inoshamisika yezviitiko zvisingatarisirwi zvehupenyu zvakadai sekurasikirwa nebasa kana kurwara kwenguva refu.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa?
Kana iwe wakanzwa shoko iri, "Hapana njodzi, hapana mubairo" iwe unonzwisisa kuti sezvo iwe usina pangozi yekurasikirwa nemari zvinoreva kuti iwe uchawanawo zvishoma (kana renti) yemari yako. Nhamba yezvibereko inowanikwa pamari yekuchengetera mabhengi inogona kunge yakaderera kudarika kuwedzera kwemari.
Kufarira kwaunowana pamabhengi ekuchengetera kuchave zvichienderana nemitero yemari, zvakare. (Kusava nekodha rako rekuchengetera iri reIvidual Retirement Account (IRA); ipapo kuwedzera kwekuda uye kunongotarirwa chete apo iwe unotora mari mukutora basa.)
02 Zvitatimiti zveDhipatimendi (CD)
Ndezvipi Zvibatsiro?
Kufanana nekambani dzekuchengetwa kwebhangi, FDIC inochengetedza kusvika ku $ 250,000 pamubhidha wega, kwekero. Iwe unogona kuva nemabhuku akabudiswa nemabhengi akasiyana-siyana uye anovabata mune dzimwe nhoroondo dzakasiyana-siyana kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mari inopfuura $ 250,000 inishuwarenzi.
Kusiyana kukuru kweCD pamwe nekuenzaniswa kwebhengi rekuchengetwa kwebhangi ndeyekuti maCD achabhadhara mari yepamusoro. Nhamba yakakwirira inokubhadhara iwe nokuda kwekubvuma kusiya mari yako imomo kusvikira musi wekukura, iyo iyo apo bhengi inodzorera mari yako pamwe nekufarira. Kana zvikwereti zvezvibereko zvakakonzerwa panguva iyi yekubata nguva, iwe ungangodaro uri kuwana uwandu hwekudzoka huwandu kupfuura iwe ungadai wakawana mubhengi rekuchengetera bhangi kana mumusika wemari.
CD dzakabudiswa kubva kumabhangi akawanda uye dzinogona kutengwa kana kutengeswa zvakananga kubva kubhangi kana kuburikidza nemakambani ekudhinda seSchwab kana Vanguard. Paunenge uchitenga CD, unogona kusarudza avo vanokura pedyo nezuva raunofunga kuti uchada mari yako.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa?
Kana iwe uchida mari yako kumashure chero nguva, CD ingasave yakakwana kwauri. Kana iwe uchifanira kutengesa CD isati yasvika, iwe unogona kuwana zvishoma pane zvauri kuisa. Zvakanaka nguva dzose kuronga mberi uye kurongedza ma CD yako maturati nemazuva aunofunga kuti uchahuda. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uchigara uchibhadhara mitero munaEpril kana kutora mhuri zororo muDecember saka kuva nemaCD akakura zvakapoteredza nguva iyo ingave yakanakira iwe.
Ngwarira kuti uone chero zvikamu zvakakosha zveCD asati watenga. Mamwe maCD "anononoka" anoreva kuti vanogona kukubhadhara kare kare kana vachida. Callable CDs inobatsira bhenji kana zvikwereti zvinowedzera. Kana zvakadaro, bhangi ichadana mu callable CDs - iwe uchawana mari yako zvakare, asi ikozvino uri kubata mari inofanirwa kubhadharwa pamadhora ezvino ari pasi. Inobatsira kubhengi nokuti inokwanisa kubudisa maCD matsva ari kubhadhara mutengo wakaderera.
Callable CDs inowanzobhadhara chikwata chapamusoro chekuda nokuti hauna kuvimbiswa kugamuchira chikwereti ichocho kusvikira zuva rokukura. Neye-non-callable CD unoziva kuti uchawana muwandu wakatarwa wekufarira chero bedzi iwe uchibata CD kuti ikure.
03 US Chivigiro Chinobudiswa Zvisungo
Ndezvipi Zvibatsiro?
Ngatitarisire kwechokwadi kwekanguva, hurumende yeUnited States ine izvo zvinonzi "kutenda kwakakwana uye chikwereti" nokuda kwaro kukwanisa kubhadhara vatengesi vezvikwereti zvakabudiswa, uye vane mazana maviri nemakore gore remakore yekuita kudaro. Inogona kuita izvi nekutengesa zvimwe zvekuchengetedza, kutora mitero, kana kudhinda mamwe mari. Iko hupfumi hweUnited States hwakakura zvakakwana zvokuti dzimwe nyika dzichaisawo mari muhutori hweUnited States nokuti kukosha kwechiroro kunoenda kumusoro uye pasi nenzira inonzwisisika.
Nemhaka yokuti vanhu vanoda kuva nemhando idzi dzekutsvaga kwehuwandu hwavo hwekuchengeteka, kune nguva dzose mushamba wekutengesa mari yako yehurumende yeUnited States. Zvinoreva kuti kana iwe usingakwanise kubatisisa kusvikira panguva yakatarwa yakakura, iwe ucharamba uchitsvaga mutengo wekutengesa mutengo kana uchivatengesa.
Kune mari yakawanda yakasiyana-siyana inowanikwa, kubva pamitambisi, manotsi, zvisungo, zvisungo zvekuchengetedza kweUnited States, uye mari yehupfumi yezvokuchengetedza mari-yakachengetedzwa. Mimwe yemari yekubhadhara inobhadhara kufarira kwezvino, vamwe iwe unotenga pane zvisingatori uye uwane kudzokera kwako pakukura. Kune vanhu vasingadi kutora chikwereti chavanofarira zvino, vanogona kusarudza zero-coupon zvisungo.
Chido chekuchengetedza mari yehupfumi hachibvumirwi nemitero yehurumende uye yomunharaunda asi inowanikwa pasi pemutero wemitero.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa?
Zvichida kukanganisa chete kune hurumende yakabudiswa nehurumende ndeyekudzoka kwakaderera pane iwe wekutsvaga. Kudzivirirwa kunouya pamutengo. Kusiyana neCD kana bhangi yebhangi umo makambani aya ari kukwikwidzana kuti awane mari yako, hurumende yeUnited States haishamisi "teaser rates" kana kupa hurumende dzekusununguka dzekuvhara imwe nhoroondo.
Kukwidzwa kwenyika kana kuwedzera kwezvibereko zvinokanganisa zvakasiyana pamhando dzakasiyana dzehurumende dzezvisungo. Zvichienderana nemhando yehurumende yehurumende yaunayo kana iwe uchiitengesa usati wasvika pakukura, unogona kudzoka kudarika chikamu chepakutanga chawakapa.
04 Money Market Accounts
Ndezvipi Zvibatsiro?
Iko kunonyanya kubhadhara mari yemakakimeni mari ndeyokushanda kwekushandiswa kwemari shoma shoma. A mutual fund kambani ine vatsvakurudzi veyanyanzvi, vaongorori, uye vatengesi vanoita boka guru revarimi vemari 'nechinangwa chekuita zviri nani kudarika izvo zvinotengeswa neHurumende panguva imwecheteyo. Ziva kuti; isu tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvishoma zvishoma zvekudzoka.
Nemhaka yenguva shomanana yechinangwa chemari, vatengesi vanowanzokwanisa kuisa mari mukati kana kutora mari kunze chero nguva. Zvisinei, imwe mari yemusika yemari inoshandiswa zvishoma kana zvishoma zvishoma - izvi zvinobvumira kuti mari yacho iwedzere kushandiswa kwemari yevatengesi, uye saka mari ine huwandu hushoma kana huwandu hwemari huripo hunowanzobhadhara kukohwa zvakanyanya.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa?
Nyaya inowirirana nehutano hwakachengeteka ndechokushaya kukwikwidzana nehuwandu hwemazana ekutengeswa kwemari. Kunyange zvazvo mari yemusika mari inotarisira kuchengetedza hutengo hwakasimba hwe $ 1.00 pagoga, hazvina kuvimbiswa.
Kana zvikwereti zvinoderera, zvakanyanya kuoma mari yemusika mari kuti zvive nehuwandu hwekubhadhara mari kune vashandi. Inonyanya kubhadharwa nemari yekushandira mari. Pakave nemuenzaniso munguva ichangopfuura muUnited States apo zvibereko zvaive .01% uye vamwe "vakatyora buck" kureva kuti mutengo wekugoverwa wakasvika pasi pe $ 1.00; kurasikirwa kwakadaro kwakaendeswa kune vatyairi.
Mukutaura kwekuchengeteka, kukonzera kukuru hakusi kuvimbiswa ne "kutenda kwakakwana uye chikwereti" wehurumende yeUnited States kana FDC. Pane kudaro, iyo nhoroondo ichava nehuwandu hweSturities Investor Corporation (SIPC) inosvika $ 250,000 miganhu yemari. Izvi zvinoparadzaniswa neCDC nokuti inoshandisa mari yako kana ikambani yekwereti ichienda kunze kwebhizimisi - asi haibatsiri kukosha kwekutsvaga kwako kumarasikirwa emakethe.
05 Fixed Annuities
Ndezvipi Zvibatsiro?
Fixed annuity investors lock muzinga rekudzoka. Iwe unoziva zvauchawana uye paunenge uchiwana. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakaita seCD, asi zvakasiyana. Nhamba yako inogona kunge iri nani kupfuura CD, asi inobva kune mari yekambani yeinishuwarenzi iyo inokonzera annuity.
Sezvo annuities inowanikwa nemakambani einishuwarenzi, inotariswa neHurumende Inishuwarenzi uye inoda kuchengetwa huru dzekuchengetwa kwekodhi.
Nokuti makambani einishuwarenzi anotongerwa nemitemo yehurumende, kana kambani ye inshuwarisi inoparara, hurumende ichapindira nekutsigirwa kwavo uye mari yekupa mari yekugadzirisa zvikwereti pamiganhu inobvumidzwa. Iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakawanda paNational Organisation of Life uye Health Insurance Guarantee Association webhusaiti uye tora pane sangano rako rehurumende.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa?
Parizvino, iwe unofanirwa kuziva nezvesarudzo dzinogara dziripo nekuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka - izvo zvinodzoka hazvizogadziriswi nehupfumi. Kuva nehutano hwakachengetedzwa uye hwakachengeteka pane chikamu chekutsvaga mari yako yekusasiya ipfungwa yakanaka, asi ramba uri mupfungwa kunogona kuva nemhosva huru nemitero kuti uwane mari yako kubva kune rimwe gore.