Vashandi vanozvitenga uye vanotengesa nzira dzakadai sematokari. Iko kune maitiro maviri ezvinyorwa zvekusarudza:
- Nhamba yekufonera
- Iko kusarudza
The Call Call
Iko kushevedza ndiyo kodzero yekutenga kuchengetedza kwepamusoro pane imwe mutengo musi kana zuva risati rasvika.
Iwe unogona kutenga foni yekuita kana iwe wakatarisira mutengo wekuchengeteka kwepanyika kwaizokwira isati yasarudzwa chisati chapera.
Semuyenzaniso:
Company XYZ mukutengeserana ne $ 25 per share uye iwe unofunga kuti chikwata chacho chakakwira. Iwe unogona kutenga zvikamu zvehutengo, kana iwe unogona kutenga foni yekusarudza. Taura nhare yekukumbira iyo inokupa iwe kodzero, asi kwete basa, kutenga zvikamu 100 zveXYZ nguva ipi zvayo mumazuva makumi mapfumbamwe anotevera kuti $ 26 mugove wega wega zvigone kutengwa nemadhora zana.
Kana iwe wakarurama, uye mari yacho inosvika pamadhora makumi matatu nemakumi maviri kubva pane imwe sarudzo isati yapera, iwe unogona kushandisa zvaunosarudza uye kutenga mazana 100 pamadhora makumi maviri nemaviri ega uye uvatengese kuitira purofiti ye $ 3 pamari ($ 30 - $ 26 = $ 4 - $ 1 iyo inosarudzwa = $ 3 pabasa rega rega).
Iwe unogonawo kungoshandisa sarudzo yega purogiramu pasina kutenga zvikamu zvezvitoro.
Kana iwe waifunga kuti zvakaipa uye shamba haina kuenda chero kupi kana kuwira kubva kune $ 26 yega yega yega kusvika kune $ 24 mugove wega wega, iwe ungangoita kuti sarudzo yacho ipedze uye inotambura chete ne $ 100 kurasikirwa (mari yezvaisarudzwa).
The Put Option
Iko kusarudzwa ndeyekodzero yekutengesa kuchengetedza kwepamusoro pane imwe mutengo pane kana zuva risati rasvika.
Iwe unogona kutenga sarudzo yekuisa kana iwe uchinzwa kuti mutengo wemuitengo wakanga uchienda pasi kusati kwasvika sarudzo.
Kuenderera mberi pasina XYZ muenzaniso, kana iwe uchinzwa kuti chikwata chacho chakanga chiri kuda kutora kubva pa $ 25 per share, nzira chete yekuwana nayo ingadai iri kupfupika mari, iyo inogona kunge inotyisa kana uchikanganisika. Ona Pfupi Kutengesa - Kwete Kwechikanganiso Hearted.
Iwe unogona kutenga sarudzo yekuisa pa $ 24 yega yega ye $ 100 (kana $ 1 per share), iyo inogona kukupa kodzero yekutengesa zvikamu zana zveZXYZ pa $ 24 per share.
Kana chikamu chidonha kusvika ku $ 19 mugove wega wega, iwe unogona, muchirevo, kutenga mashomanana 100 pamusika wakashama we $ 19 mugove wega wega, ipapo shandisa iwe kusarudza kusarudza iwe kukupa kodzero yekutengesa mari yacho pamadhora makumi maviri nemasere pamagari - kuita $ 5 per share purofiti, kuderedza mari yekusarudza.
Sezvimwe nyaya inoshanda, iwe unogona kutengesa kusarudzwa kwako, izvo zvino zvingave zvakakosha chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo ne $ 5 muga imwechete kana $ 500.
Basic Option Facts
Heano mamwe mazano anokurumidza pamusoro pekusarudza:
- Sarudzo dzinotsanangurwa mumatengo egoverwa asi dzinotengeswa mugove wezana 100. Semuenzaniso, foni yekusarudza inogona kutaurwa pa $ 2, asi iwe unogona kubhadhara $ 200 nokuti sarudzo dzinogara dzakatengeswa muzana 100-mugove.
- Iyo Strike Price (kana Kuita Basa Rokushandisa) ndiwo mutengo wekuchengeteka kwepasi kunogona kutengwa kana kutengeswa nokuda kwekunyatsorongedzerwa mukonesheni yekusarudza . Iwe unosarudza zvingasarudzwa nemwedzi wavanopera, pasinei nokuti ndeyekuisa kana kushevedza sarudzo, uye mutengo wekutsvaga . Semuenzaniso, "XYZ April 25 Call" ichava foni yekusarudza pane XYZ nengozi inotengeswa ye 25 inopera munaEpril.
- Zuva Rokupera Iko mwedzi umo chisarudzo chinopera. Zvose zvinosarudzwa zvinopera musi weChishanu wegore kunze kwemusi weChishanu ihotera, saka zvingasarudzwa zvinopera musi weChina.
Mhedziso
Iyi pfupiso yepamusoro yezvasarudzo inokupa pfungwa yezvavari ivo vose, asi iyo ndiyo chaiyo yemashoko echirevo chinonzi iceberg. Zvisarudzo hazvisi zvekutanga mutengesi asi vanopa vatengesi vakakurudzira imwe chigadziro chekutsvaga mari yavo.
Cherechedza: Zvose zvinyorwa zvitsanangudzo munyaya ino ndezomufananidzo chete. Mutengo wezvasarudzo ndeyekuoma kunosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda.