Zvakaipa Zvokufambisa Zvingakubhadhara Zviuru
1. Ziva Zvaunoda Kuti Uzvigadzirire uye Nzvimbo
Kana iwe ukatora chikamu mune 401 (k) kana imwe yakafanana yekushandira mari yekuronga, iwe unogona kukodzera kugamuchira mushanyi wemashandi kana imwe imwe nzira yemupiro wevashandi kumabhengi ako ekutora. Iyi mibairo yevashandi inowanzonzi "mari yekusununguka" uye inogona kuva nehukuru hwehukuru hwekambani yako yekurega. Kunyange mari yawakazvipa iwe kuburikidza nemari yakabhadharwa nguva dzose inotengeswa 100% , zvichireva kuti inogara iri pamutemo yako (kana iwe uri kushanda kune kambani kana kwete), mutsara wekambani yako inowanzo ine purogiramu yekugadzirira iyo inotarisa kuti yakawanda yevashandi vako mipiro inobvumirana nemutemo uye nguva. Nguva idzi dzokutenga dzinowanzogadziriswa kwemakore akawanda. Kana iwe uine mushandi wekushandira, chengetedza magwaro ako epurogiramu ekurega basa kana kubvunza dhipatimendi rako rehupfumi kana iwe uchatengeswa zana.
Dzimwe nguva kumirira imwe mwedzi mishomanana kana gore kunogona kuita kusiyana kwakanyanya mune mari yakawanda ye "mari" iyo yaunofanira kutora newe kana iwe uchibva. Kune rumwe rutivi, kusiya muvakidzani wako usati wagadzirirwa zvakakwana zvinoreva kuti iwe ucharasikirwa chikamu, kana kwete zvose, zvekupa kwaunoshandira uye chero mari yaunowana pane iyo mari.
Ngationei muenzaniso.
Ngatitii pasi pemagadziro emagadziro emushandi, iwe unobvisa 20% pagore kwemakore mashanu. Iwe wakanga uri pamwe nemushandi wako kwemwedzi unonyara wemakore mana, saka iwe uri 60% wakaiswa. Ngatiti iwe wakagamuchira $ 40,000 pagore uye wakapa 15% yemari yako, kana $ 6,000 pagore, kune yako 401 (k) hurongwa. Ngatitaurire zvakare kuti mushandirwi wedu anokwana 100% yemupiro wako, kana imwe $ 6,000 pagore. Kana iwe ukabva ikozvino, uchagamuchira mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emutambo wemushandi wako mumakore mashoma apfuura, kana $ 14,400 ($ 6,000 / yr x 4 yrs = $ 24,000 x 60%). Kana iwe ukagara imwe mwedzi, iwe unogona kutenga 20% zvakare uye unowana mamwe $ 4 800 emashandi ekubatana. Kana iwe ukagara mamwe mwedzi gumi nematanhatu, iwe unogona kuwana $ 9 600 pamashandiro ekushandira kwemakore mana iwe watovepo, pamwe nemutambo we $ 6,000 wegore rako rechishanu, pamwe ne $ 15,600 mumashandi ekubatana - uye izvo 'Tifunga nezvemari ipi zvayo yekuwana mari iyo nguva yave ichishandiswa. Kunyange kana mukana wako wevashandi ari pasi pe100%, unogona kuona kuti ungangodaro uchifamba sei kubva kune guru guru remari isina kubhadhara nekusatarisira nguva yako kuenda.
2. Ziva Rokuda Kwokutora Mari Yenyu
Kana waita chisarudzo chekushandura mabasa uye kushandura vashandi, mibvunzo yezvemari inokosha kupfuura dzose yaunosangana nayo ndeyekuita newe 401 (k) kana imwe yemararamiro emaricho ekurega basa .
Vanhu vakawanda kwazvo vanopedzisa kubhadhara mari yavo yekuchengetedza basa pavanoshandura mabasa, uye kushandisa mari kune chimwe chinhu. Kwete iyi chete yepamusoro-soro yekuronga kurasikirwa kwepamberi 6 kuti tisadzivirire, asi inogona kudziviswa zvachose. Kana zvasvika kune yako 401 (k), vanhu vazhinji vane zvingana zvingasarudzwa pavanosiya vashandi vavo, izvo zvinotevera:
- Cash Out
- Siya mari muChirongwa
- Dzorera muMushandi Wenyu Mutsva Wakafanirwa Plan
- Rollover kune IRA kana zvimwe
Ngatitarisei kuti chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi zvinorevei kwauri.
Mari Inobva Kune Yako 401 (k)
Kuti tinzwisise zvinorehwa nechikanganiso ichi, ngatishandise nhamba kuratidza. Ngatiti iwe une $ 50,000 mune yako 401 (k) chirongwa. Panzvimbo pokugadzira rollover yakananga pane imwe zano, iwe mari yacho yakabhadhara zvakananga kwauri. Mutungamiri weurongwa wako achatora 20% kunze kwemitero, sezvinodiwa nemutemo, saka pane iwe uchawana cheki ye $ 40,000.
Kana nguva yemutero inotenderera, iwe unogona kushamisika kuziva kuti kana iwe uri pasi pemakore 59½ apo iwe wakabuda kunze, iwe unofanira kubhadhara chikamu chegumi chezana pane chekutanga (pre-tax), kana mumuenzaniso uyu , imwe ye $ 5,000. Iye zvino mari yako yakapera kubva $ 50,000 kusvika ku $ 35,000.
Ikukuvadza hakumire pano. Iwe unogona kunge uri mubhakoni yepamusoro yepamusoro pane 20% iyo inoronga mutungamiri wako kubva pane yako mari. Kana zvakadaro ndizvo zvaunofanira kuita, iwe uchafanira kuuya nemusiyano unouya kutora nguva. Kana iwe uri mu 31% mutero bhakisi, somuenzaniso, uchafanira kukanganisa musiyano pakati pe20% ne31%, iyo inowedzera 11%, kana $ 5 500. Kana iwe usati waronga nokuda kwekuwedzera kwemutero, uye vanhu vazhinji havaiti, unogona kukwereta kuti uuye nemimwe mitero . Mukuwedzera kune dambudziko iri rekushaya mari, mari yako yepakutanga $ 50,000 muhupfumi hwekurega mari yava kuda kusvika ku $ 29,500. Iye zvino kuverenga mamiriro ako ehurumende uye emunharaunda panzvimbo ye $ 50,000 uye uzvitorere kubva kune $ 29,500 zvakasara, uye iwe unogona kuwedzera imwe $ 5,000 kana zvakadaro, zvichienderana neunogara. Ouch! Zvechokwadi, iwe waizofamba nehafu chete yekutsvaga kwako kwepakutanga uye wakanyanyisa kushandura kubhadhara kwako.
Siya Mari muPurogiramu Yenyu Yekare Yomushandi
Saka unoziva kuti haudi kubhadhara purogiramu paunobva, asi iwe unofanirwa kuita chero chinhu? Mhinduro yacho haisi iyo. Kana iwe uine $ 5,000 mu 401 (k) chirongwa chako, vashandi vakawanda vanokupa mukana wokusiya mari yako muurongwa hwako hwekare. Chero bedzi iwe uchigutsikana nekushanda kwekutsvaga uye kutungamira kweurongwa, izvi zvinogona kuva sarudzo yakanaka, kunyanya kana mushandirwi wako asingatauri 401 (k) chirongwa. Asi iwe unogona kunge uchida kufunga nezvekuzotevera (tichakuudza kuti nei).
Rollover kune New Employer 401 (k)
Tarisa nevashandirwi vako vatsva kuti vaone kana vakapa 401 (k) kana imwe chirongwa chakanaka uye apo iwe uchakwanisa kugovera. Vazhinji vashandi vekurasira mapurogiramu vachabvuma rollovers kubva kune vamwe vanogona kushandisa michina. Kutaura zvazviri, kugamuchira mari yakawedzerwa ndeyekuti vabatsirwe sezvo pane mari yakawanda inobva kune iyo yekubhadhara mari yehutungamiri. Unofanira kusarudza nzira iyi uye pane nguva yekumirira yekubatanidzwa muurongwa hwemushandirwi wako, funga kusiya mari yako muurongwa hwako hwekare hweushandi kusvikira wava kukodzera pasi peurongwa hutsva. Kunyanya kufunga kune rollover ndechekuvimbisa kuti mutengesi iko zvechokwadi rollover (kana mutrasti-to-trustee transfer). Kuti uite izvi, iva nechokwadi chekuti rollover hunowanikwa zvakanyorwa zvakananga kune wekugadzirisa hurongwa, kwete kwauri. Kana cheki yacho yakanyorwa zvakananga kwauri, mutungamiri wepurogiramu yako achabvisa 20% yemitero uye iwe uchafanira kuuya nemusiyano we20% kuitira kuti uite rollover yakakwana uye usabhadhara mitero. Paunenge uri munyaya iyi unowana 20% kumashure apo iwe udzorera mutero wako wekudzorera kumagumo egore, chero bedzi iwe wakakanda pamusoro pezana remari mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu, asi sei uchifanira kumanikidzwa kuuya ne mari yakawanda uye rega Amai Sam vashandise mari yenyu vasina kufarira panguva ino?
Kunyangwe kuisa zvinhu zvako zvekugara muurongwa hwemugadziri wako mushandi ndiko kusununguka kwakakwana, zvingasava sarudzo yakanakisisa kwauri. Ngatitorei sarudzo yekupedzisira ye 401 (k) mari yekuwana kuti nei.
Rollover kune IRA
Kana iwe usingakwanisi kana kuti usingadi kusiya mari yako mubasa rako rekare rekushandira 401 (k) hurongwa uye mushandi wako mutsva haaiti urongwa, unogona kuenda kunenge chero bhangi chero ripi zvaro kana sangano rezvemari uye unozarura rollover munhu mumwe nomumwe nhoroondo (IRA) iyo inofanira kubhadhara mari yako. Vashandi vakawanda havafungi izvi nokuti ivo vanofara kufambira mberi vachichengeta mari yavo yokurasikirwa mune imwe nzira yeurongwa hwevanoshandira, asi heino chikonzero chakamanikidza nei iwe usingadi. Vazhinji vashandi vekurasikirwa kwemagadziro vane zvishoma zvingasarudzwa zvekutsvaga mukuedza kuchengetedza mari pasi, asiwo vane mari yepamusoro yehutungamiri iyo yakatemerwa mukoti yako yekodha. Nokusarudza rollover IRA, iwe hausi kungozarura mikana yako yekutsvaga mari kune chero mari ipi zvayo kubva kune mumwe munhu mashomanana uye zvisungo zvekutengeserana mari uye ETFs, asi unogona kudzivisa mari inodhura. Ikozvino ndiko kuponesa kushanda-kukunda!
The Bottom Line
Kusiya waunoshandira kune mukana mutsva kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakawanda yemari kupfuura iwe yawakambofunga, asi nekuongorora zvose zvinorehwa pano, iwe unogona kuchenjera nekuongorora kuchinja kwekuita mabasa kungave kune yako yekuchengetedza mari uye kuita sarudzo yakanyatsozivikanwa.