Pros uye Cons yeDonald Trump's Immigration Policies
Musi waJanuary 26, 2018, Trump yakabudisa hurongwa hwekupinda kune dzimwe nyika. Iyo yaizopa mugwagwa wemakore gumi nemaviri kuhugari hwemamiriyoni 1.8 mamiriyoni evanhu vakabva kune imwe nyika vakasvika muUnited States zvisina kutenderwa sevana.
Ichatsiva mutungamiri weBlack Obama Deferred Action yeChirongwa Chekuuya kwevana.
Urongwa huripo huwandu hwemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu emadziro pamwe nemuganhu neMexico. Inogumisa tsika ye "kubata nekusunungurwa." Inorambidza makadhi matsvuku kune hama dziri kure dzevakabva kune dzimwe nyika. Makadhi aizongowanikwa kune vakaroorana nevana. Izvo urongwa hunogumisa diversity visa lottery.
DACA
Musi waJanuary 9, 2018, Dare reMudunhu reUnited States muSan Francisco rakatonga kuti "Dreamers" dzinodzivirirwa. Avo vanofanirwa kuDACA havagoni kuendeswa kunze kusvikira nyaya yacho yasarudzwa mumatare. Mutongo uyu unopfuura chiziviso chaTrucudza chokuti achagumisa DACA musi waMarch 5, 2018. Trump inoda Congress kuti ipe imwe nzvimbo.
DACA inopa kusunungurwa kwemakore maviri ekudzingwa kune vanogona kutamira kune dzimwe nyika . Vanhu vakakodzera ndevaya vari pasi pemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu avo vasina kuiswa mutemo kuUnited States sevana. Mutungamiri Obama akatanga chirongwa ichi nehutungamiri hukuru muna 2012.
Kubva panguva iyo, yakapa 787 580 "Dreamers" basa rechibvumirano.
ICato Institute inofungidzira kuti kubviswa kweDACA kunogona kukonzera hupfumi $ 215 bhiriyoni kupfuura makore gumi. Ndiyo mari yakasakara yekushandisa simba kubva kune vechidiki ava vakashanda.
Travel Ban
Musi waDecember 4, 2017, Dare Repamusorosoro rakabvumira mutungamiri weTrump kuti agadzirise mararamiro ayo ekurambidzwa paanenge achienderera mberi nemhosva.
Musi waSeptember 24, 2017, Trump yakapa mitemo yekufamba kubva kunyika masere.
- Chad - Rinorambidza vanhu vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika, vebhizimisi uye vetsva.
- Iran - Inorambidza vanhu vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika, vebhizimisi uye vetsva. Inobvumira mudzidzi uye kutengesa vhesi yevaenzi.
- Libya - Inorambidza vanhu vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika, vebhizimisi uye vhesi dzekushanyirwa.
- North Korea - Rinorambidza vanhu vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika uye vashanyi.
- Somalia - Inorambidza vashambadziri kune dzimwe nyika kunze kwevaya vane mhuri kana mucheche vachida kurapwa.
- Siria - Rinorambidza vanyori, vhizimisi uye vhesi dzevashanyi.
- Venezuela - Anorambidza bhizinesi uye vhesi dzevashanyi kuvashandi vehurumende nemhuri dzavo.
- Yemen - Vanorambidza vatorwa, vhizimisi uye vhesi dzezvivakasi.
Kusiyana kwakatenderera kune dzimwe nyika dzakatevedzwa kurudziro rwekuchengetedzwa kwehutano.
Musi waOctober 17 ne18, 2017, matare ehurumende akagumisa zvikamu zveMutungamiri Trump yekufambisa. Vatongi vakati kusabvumirwa kune dzimwe nyika-maMuslim hazvienderani nemutemo. Vakatsanangurira mazwi aTrump kuti ataure kuti zvibvumirano zvake pamusoro peChad, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Siria, uye Yemen zvaive zvechitendero.
Hurukuro yemazuva ano yaTump inotsiva iyo yaakasainira musi waMarch 6, 2017. Yakarambidza visa kune vagari vemunyika matanhatu. Vaiva Siriya, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, uye Yemen. Ivo "nyika dzinofunganya" maererano nemutemo we 2016 pamusoro pekuenda kune dzimwe nyika.
Kubvumidzwa kwaisina kusanganisira 500 000 vemaiti vemazuva emutemo vadhidhi (vanogara vagari vemo vanogara) uye vema visa vanepo. Yakabudisawo vamiririri uye nhengo dzemasangano enyika. Yakafanirwa kuenda kushanda pa12: 00 mangwanani paMarch 16 ndokugara kwemazuva 90. Kurambidzwa kwakamiswa nedare rezasi. Mutemo wakatsiva imwe Trump yakasimudza January 27, 2017.
Vapoteri
Musi waOctober 24, 2017, mutungamiri weTrump akabvumira vapoteri kubva kune dzose asi nyika 11. Kwemazuva 90 anotevera, vapoteri vanobva kunyika idzodzo vanofanira kuratidza kuti kusvika kwavo kwaizova kuUnited States "kufarira." Sangano rekuchengetedza reUnited States richadzorera dambudziko iro nyika dziripo. Vatungamiri havana kubudisa pachena pachena mazita evaya 11 nyika. Mumwe mukuru wehurumende akati vanoverenga 63 muzana yevapoteri.
Izvi zvinotevera chikwata chaMarch 6, 2017 chakarambidzwa vapoteri kwemazuva makumi maviri kunze kwekuti vakanga vatogadzirirwa kufamba.
Homeland Security yakarongedza hurongwa hwekushanda kuti hudzivise chero kushandiswa nemagandanga. Trump akaronga kuvhara nhamba yevapoteri vakagamuchirwa kusvika 50 000 pagore. Vatongi vehurumende vakachengeta mirairo iyoyo. Izvozvo zvakapa Dhipatimendi reHurumende kukwanisa kuwedzera nhamba yevapoteri kusvika ku70 000 muna 2017.
Rusvingo Pamuganhu neMexico
Mutungamiri Trump akavimbisa kuvaka rusvingo pamuganhu weUnited States neMexico. Nhamba dzinoratidzira rusvingo rwega haruzogadziri kutsika pamutemo kutendeuka kubva kuMexico. Kunyangwe dai yakabudirira, zvinongomira hafu yekushambadzirwa kwepamutemo.
Trump yakavimbisa kukumanikidza Mexico kubhadhara iyo. Kana ikaramba, akatyisidzira kuchinja mutemo pasi peUnited States Patriot Act antiiterrorism mutemo. Izvozvo zvingatora mari yeWest Union mari yekuendeswa kuMexico kubva kune vakabva kune imwe nyika muUnited States zvisiri pamutemo. Bhizimisi guru reMexico rakashuma kuti rakagamuchira $ 25 mabhiriyoni kubva kune imwe nyika. Izvo hazvina matanho chaiwo pamusoro pekuwanda kweiyo kubva kuUnited States.
Sezvo Mexico yakaramba kubhadhara rusvingo, Mutungamiri Trump akakumbira Congress kuti iwane mari yacho. Aizokumbira Mexico kuti aibhadhara iyo gare gare. (Inobva: "Trump Inokumbira Congress, Kwete Mexico, Kubhadhara Border Wall," CNN Politics, January 6, 2017.)
Vakawanda veRipublicanism vanopikisa rusvingo rwomuganhu. Vaya vanobva kuCalifornia, Arizona, New Mexico, uye Texas vanotarisana nemigumisiro yakawanda. Vanoti rusvingo harwuzoshandi, kunyanya pasina kuwedzera kuchengetedza masimba. Vamwe vanozvidya mwoyo pamusoro pekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza mumatunhu avo. Madhimokorasi anopesanawo kumadziro.
H-1B Visa Program
Musi waEpril 19, 2017, Trump yakasaina sarudzo yakakura ichikumbira Dhipatimendi reHome Land Security kuti iongorore hurongwa hweH-1B visa. Anoda kuve nechokwadi chekuti vese vanobhadhara zvakakwana vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vanogamuchira ma visa. Haadi kuti chero ani zvake aende kune vashandi vokune dzimwe nyika vanobhadhara zvishoma kudarika vamwe vavo veUnited States. Zvinogona kutora makore kuti kuongororwa kuitwe.
Urongwa hunotungamirirwa kumafisi eIndia seTata Consultancy, Infosys uye Wipro. Inowanikwa muUnited States, asi inoshandisa vazhinji vanobva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kuIndia. Facebook uye Qualcomm zvakarewo vashandisi vese veH-1B visa. Zvigumi nemashanu zvevashandi vavo vatorwa vari pasi pegurogiramu.
IUI Citizenship and Immigration Service iri kutumira maitiro akawanda eH-1B visa kudzokera "humwe humwe uchapupu." Zvikamu makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu zvezvikumbiro zvakadaro zviri kurambwa zvichienzaniswa ne20 muzana gore rapfuura.
VaSilicon Valley CEO vanoshushikana kuti Trump inogona kudzivirira chirongwa ichi. The Immigration Act ya1990 inopa vasa kwenguva pfupi kune 315,000 vashandi vekune dzimwe nyika vashandi. Zvikamu zvitatu zvezvitatu zvaiva zvemabasa akakombiyuta. Aya makambani acharasikirwa nevashandi vanokosha pasina hurongwa hweH-1B visa. Izvozvo zvinokuvadza kubudirira kwevamwe veAmerica makambani anobatsira zvikuru .
Imwe Trump Mitemo yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika
Mu 2017 State of the Union address , Trump yakagadzirisa Vakatambudzirwa neUkuita Hwakaparwa Kwemhosva. Inobatsira avo vanotambudzwa nemhosva dzakapiwa nevatorwa vanobviswa.
Musi waJune 22, 2017, Trump yakakumbira Congress kuti ivadzivise vese vabva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kugamuchira hurumende kwemakore mashanu ekutanga munyika. Kufamba kwacho kwaizotora simba rehurumende iye zvino ari kusarudza ndiani akakodzera rubatsiro rwekubatsira. Trump yaizosimudzirawo mitemo inoramba kuti vanhu vanoenda kune imwe nyika kune avo vanoita sevanokwanisa kuva "pamhosva yepamutemo" mukati mekutanga kwemakore mashanu ekusvika kwavo.
Musi waAugust 2, 2017, mutungamiri weTrump akabvumira Senate musungo unoita kuti vanhu vasapinda mutemo . Yaizoisa mberi kune avo vakange vari mune zvekubhadhara mari, vaiva neunyanzvi, uye vakataura Chirungu. Icho chikaramba makadhi matsvuku kune vana vakuru uye hama dzakawedzerwa zvemazuva ano vema card card holders.
Kana iyo bumbiro ikava mutemo, inogona kuderedza nhamba yemashizha matsvuku akabudiswa kubva kune mamiriyoni kusvika ku 638 000 mugore rayo rokutanga. Nhamba yemabasa-based green card yaizogara pa 140,000 pagore. Zvikamu zviviri kubva kune zvitatu zvemakadhi zvinoenda kuhama, uye makumi maviri kubva muzana mabasa-based. Zvimwe zvacho zvinobudiswa nejenya, kune vapoteri uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Iyi purogiramu yakafanana neyakakodzera-yakagadzirirwa zvirongwa muAustralia neCanada. Bhiri iri rine mikana shoma yekupfuura. Icho chaizoda huwandu hwevhoti 60 muSeneti. Madhimocrate aizorwisana nayo.
Musi waOctober 8, 2017, Mutungamiri weTrump wakabudisa urongwa hwekuenda kune dzimwe nyika kuCongress. Chirongwa chinokumbira $ 25 biliyoni mukubhadhara kwemadziro pamuganhu neMexico. Anoda Congress kuti ipe mushumo unobata vana vasina kufambidzana kubva kuCentral America zvakafanana neyaibva kuMexico. Parizvino vanogamuchira kudzivirirwa kukuru. Trump yakakumbira Congress kuti irege kuchengetedza mari kubva kune "nzvimbo tsvene" . Iyo masunharaunda haabatanidzi pamwe ne federal migration agents.
Musi waNovember 1, 2017, akati aizobvisa mauto ezvakasiyana kune vatorwa vaitsvaga visa veUnited States. Akakumbirawo Dhipatimendi reHurumende kuti iwedzere kuvhota kwakanyanya kwevatorwa. Akanga ari kupindura kurwisa kwegandanga kwakauraya vanhu vasere muNew York. Muvengi wacho akanga atora visa yake kuburikidza nekotori.
Mutungamiri weTrump angada kuti vatungamiri vekuenda kune dzimwe nyika vabvunze kuti vangani vashandi vehurumende vanobvunzwa kuti vagari venyika yeUnited States vari kushandisa. Dhipatimendi reHome Land Security rinotarisa zvisina kunaka kune avo vanoshandisa Medicaid, zvidhori zvezvokudya, uye kunyange mari yakagamuchira-mubhadharo. Vatungamiri vanoda vasarudzo vanozvimiririra ivo pachavo. Somugumisiro, kunyange vatapi vemutemo vanoenda kune avo vanorega kutarisira utano uye mamwe mabasa.
Pros uye Cons of Plump's Plans
ICent for Progress America yakaratidza kuti kubudiswa kwevanhu vazhinji kunoderedza huwandu hweAmerica huri muhutori hwemazana ne4 kubva muzana. Iri boka rinotsvaga tsvakurudzo rinofungidzira kuti varimi vaizova nenguva yakaoma yekuwana vashanduri vashanduri. Pane kudaro, vaizofanira kumanikidzwa kutema michina yavo kuti vakwanise kubhadharwa kwebasa.
ICato Institute yakashuma kuti inodhura madhora mabhiriyoni makumi matanhatu ekudzinga vanhu 750 000 vakachengetedzwa neDACA. Vanopa $ 28 biliyoni pagore kuhupfumi.
Kuenda kune dzimwe nyika kunopfuura kubhadhara pachako. Vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika vanowedzera $ 1.6 triliyoni kuhupfumi gore negore. Kubva ipapo, $ 35 mabhiriyoni inobatsira zvakakwana kumakambani uye munharaunda mavanogara. Zvimwe (97,8 kubva muzana) zvekukura ikoko zvinodzokera kune vashandi vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika semubairo. Vanodzorera $ 25 mabhiriyoni kumhuri dzemhuri muMexico. Vanopedza zvese muAmerica.
Vashandi vemazuva ano vanobvumirana zvakananga nevashambadziri vemabasa vari kukuvadza zvakanyanya. Vaya ndivo vaduku, vashoma-vakadzidza, uye vashoma vashandi. Basa ravo rekushaya mabasa rakapfuura kune vakwegura, vekoroji-vakadzidza, uye vashandi vachena.
Kuenda kune dzimwe nyika kusina mutemo kunoderedza misha ye3 kusvika ku8 muzana yehupfumi hwemabasa. Izvo zvinowanikwa kunze kwe $ 25 pavhiki kune vashandi vakaberekwa vakaberekerwa vasina dhipatimendi dzekusekondari. Mutungamiri Trump akavimbisa panguva yemushandirapamwe wekuda kuti makambani ape mabasa ose kuAmerica kutanga.
Pakati pe2000 ne2013, nhamba yevashandi vakaberekwa vakaberekerwa yakafa nemamiriyoni matatu. Dzidzo dzinoratidza kuti dzakasiya basa. Vashandi vakawanda vakwegura vakapedza basa kana kuti vakaremara. Vashandi vaduku vakadzokera kuchikoro. Munguva iyoyo, nhamba yevashandi vekushanda yakasimuka nemamiriyoni 5.3. Icho chiri kunze kwemamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu kubva kune dzimwe nyika vakasvika muAmerica.
Vatorwa vanobhadhara hurumende yeUnited States pakati pe $ 11.4 mabhiriyoni uye $ 20.2 mabhiriyoni gore rega rega. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti vanoshandisa zvakanyanya izvozvi mumashandi pane zvavanobhadhara mumitero. Kune rumwe rutivi, vanobhadhara hurumende pasi pevanhu vanoberekerwa vakaberekerwa veAmerica vane dzidzo yakafanana uye yemabasa.
Vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika vane makiraji ekoroji vanokwana $ 105,000 muhuwandu pane mari yavanowana mumabasa pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo. Inenge 53 kubva muzana yevakabva kune dzimwe nyika vane imwe yejiji. Pakati pavo, 16 muzana vane chikoro chekudzidza.
Vapfigri vanogara muUnited States vanobhadhara nyika zvisiri pamutemo kudarika mitemo. Izvi ndezvekuti havakwanisi kuwanda kwehurongwa hwehurumende. Kana hurumende ikavapa ruregerero, mari inoshandiswa kumhuri yaizopeta. (Kubva: "Mari Yezvemari uye Zvemari Inoshandiswa Kuenda kuUnited States," The Center for Immigration Studies, "May 2013.)
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