Makirasi eNanoparticles
- Fullerenes: Buckyballs uye Carbon tubes
Vose nhengo dze fullerene dzimba dzemaitiro, buckyballs uye carbon tubes dzinokonzerwa ne carbon-based, lattice-like, inogona kunge inokonzera mamolekemu. - Mirivha Emvura
Liquid crystal pharmaceuticals inoumbwa nemafuta e-liquid crystal zvinhu anotevedzera biomolecules inowanzoitika-yega sepuroteni kana lipid. Inonzi inoita nzira yakachengetedzeka yekushandisa zvinodhaka uye inogona kutarisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzomuviri umo maviri anokonzerwa, kana kuti maronda anowanikwa. - Liposomes
Liposomes inonzi lipid-based liquid crystals, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumishonga nemishonga yezvipfeko nekuda kwekugona kwavo kuputsa mukati memasekeri kamwechete apo basa ravo rokusununguka rave rasangana. Liposomes ndiyo ndiyo yakatanga kushandisa nanoparticles inoshandiswa pakushandisa zvinodhaka asi zvinetso zvakadai sokusimba kwavo kufambidzana pamwe chete munzvimbo dzakasununguka uye kusunungura mubhadharo wavo, zvinotungamirira kuchinamatira, kana kuti kugadziriswa uchishandisa itsva imwe nhengo dze nanoparticles.
- Nanoshells
Iyo inonziwo se-core-shells, nanoshells yakafanana nemakumbo echinhu chakakomberedzwa nekanda kana kupfeka kwekunze kweimwe, iyo inoshandiswa nanometer mashoma.
- Quantum dots
Iyo inozivikanwawo se nanocrystals, quantum dots ndiyo nanosized semiconductors iyo, zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo, inokwanisa kubudisa chiedza mumarudzi ose ehota. Izvi zvinogadziriswa zvinodzivirira magetsi emagetsi, mabheji emabhodeni, kana mashizha mumitemo yose mitatu. Mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvemashoko ndeye semiconductor nanocrystals uye core-shell nanocrystals, uko kune unhu pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana semiconductor zvinhu. Ive yakashandiswa mu biotechnology nokuda kwekuisa mabhesi uye kufungidzira, zvikurukuru mukuongorora kwekenza yekuongorora.
- Superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Superparamagnetic molecules ndiyo iyo inokweverwa kune magnetic field asi haichengetedzi magnetism mushure mokunge munda wacho wabviswa. Nanoparticles yesimbi yakasidha ine diameter mu 5-100 nm maruva yakashandiswa kusarudza magnetic bioseparations. Nzira dzekufananidzira dzinosanganisira kupfekedza zvinyorwa zvine maitiro anogadzirisa masero-esero, kuti aparadzanise kubva mumatrikisi akakomberedza.
Iyo inoshandiswa mu membrane kutakura zvidzidzo, superparamagnetic iron iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) inoshandiswa pakushandisa zvinodhaka uye kuiswa ropa. Kutarirwa kuendeswa kwezvinodhaka, bioactive molecules kana DNA vectors inobva pakushandiswa kwekunze magnetic force inokurumidza uye inotungamirira kufambira mberi kwavo kuenda kune chinangwa chemavara. Izvo zvinobatsirawo seMRI kusiyana nevamwe.
- Dendrimers
Dendrimers vane zvikwata zvakakura zvematareji zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu nanomedicine nekuda kwemazana e "molekete" maoko avo anogona kushandiswa kusunga se-identification-tag tags, fluorescent dyes, enzyme, uye mamwe mamolekoro. Iko dendritic mamolekemu yakave yakagadzirwa kunenge muna 1980, asi kufarira kwavari kwakawedzera munguva pfupi yapfuura sezvo kushandiswa kwesayenzi inyanzvi kunowanikwa.
- Nanorods
Kazhinji 1-100 nm murefu, nanorods inowanzoitwa kubva semiconducting materials uye inoshandiswa mu nanomedicine sekufungidzira uye kusiyanisa vashandi. Nanorods inogona kuitwa nekugadzira zviduku zviduku zvesilicon, ndarama kana inorganic phosphate, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Zvinetso zvezvino pamusoro pekuchengeteka kwe nanoparticles zvinotungamirira mukuvandudzika kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvitsva zvekutsvakurudza. Somugumisiro, kukanganiswa kwedu kweruzivo pamusoro peanoparticle kuwirirana mukati memakamuri kuchiri kukura nokukurumidza. Sezvo kutsvakurudza kuchifambira mberi munzvimbo ino inofadza ye biotechnology, itsva nanoparticles dziri kuramba dzichitsvaga uye matsva matsva ku nanomedicine achawanikwa.