Nhamba Yechimwe Inorayirirwa Mishonga neChirwere cheMishonga

by Kathlyn Stone

Zvinyorwa Zvichizadzwa neAll-Time High

Inenge mamiriyoni mana emitemo yemishonga yakanyorwa muUnited States muna 2010, iyo yose yakakwirira. Ongororo dzakawanda dzakaongorora kushandiswa kwemari kwekuwedzera kwekushandisa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka pamigumisiro yehutano uye kushandiswa kwakauya pane zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, inozivikanwa kuti zvirwere zvizhinji zvinogona kudzivirirwa, zvichirapwa zvakanaka kana kupora kuburikidza nemishonga yemishonga.

"Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kushandiswa kwemishonga inorapwa kunogadzirisa vanhu kubva kune vamwe vanoda kutarisira utano hwakakosha zvakadai sokupindwa muchipatara kana kuvhiyiwa," inodaro Kaiser Family Foundation.

Vagari vepfumbamwe-ve-10 vakwegura muUnited States uye vanopfuura hafu (58 muzana) yevose vasiri vakuru vanogara vachivimba nemishonga inorayirwa, maererano neChipatimendi cheEalthcare Research uye Quality.

Makirasi ose emishonga akaona kuwedzerwa kwemitemo yakazadzwa pamusoro pemakore mashanu apfuura kunze kwemauretics, penicillins, uye mishonga yekudzivirira vana, maererano neImS Institute for Healthcare Informatics. Kuongorora kweMMS kwaisanganisira mishonga yose yemishonga inoparidzirwa kuburikidza nemasitomita ekutengesa, mapepa emazvitoro, mairairo emafaira uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza kwenguva refu.

Zvizvarwa Zvikuru Zvinodhura Zvikwangwani Zvinodhaka Mishonga

Zvizvarwa zvinodhaka zvinomiririra 75 muzana yezvose zvakanyorwa zvizere muna 2010, kubva 57 kubva muzana muna 2004, maererano neImS. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yezvinyorwa zvechirongwa zvakapiwa yakawedzera 5.9 muzana; zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa zvinorehwa ne7,6 muzana.

Mishonga Inonyanya Kufanirwa Nekirasi

Lipid Regulators

Lipid regulators, zvikurukuru statin zvinodhaka, zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira dyslipidemia (high blood cholesterol) uye mamwe matambudziko emwoyo uye zvakatemerwa kuti kudzivirirwa uye kurapwa kune zvimwe zvirwere zvinosanganisira osteoporosis uye mushure mekuguma kwemurume.

Zvinodarika zvinokwana mamiriyoni makumi mana nemakumi mana nemakumi mana emadhora ezvematongerwo emamwe uye mamwe madhiragi ekuderedza madhiragi akazadzwa muna 2010.

Pfizer's Lipitor (atorvastatin calcium) yaiva yepamusoro-soro yakadhindwa mazita, yakateverwa neCrestor (rosuvastatin calcium) neAspraZeneca; Mamwe mazita emasitadhi akabatanidza Mevacor (lovastatin), Pravachol (pravastatin sodium), Zocor (simvastatin), Lescol (fluvastatin sodium), Vytorin (Ezetimibe / Simvastatin), uye Pitavastatin.

Mishandirapamwe yokuratidza inotungamirirwa navanachiremba uye zvakananga nevatengi vakakonzera kukura kwechikwata chemishonga.

Antidepressants

Anodzvinyirira ndeimwe yezvikwata zvinokurumidza kukura zvinodanwa nemishonga. Muna 2010, mitemo inopfuura 253.6 mamiriyoni akazadzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, maererano nemushumo weMMS.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera kuwedzera mune zvinyorwa zvemashoko ekurwisa mweya ndezvokuti nhamba inokura yevanotarisira vanonyanya kutarisira uye vamwe vanoita kunze kwemunda wepfungwa dzekunyora vari kunyora mitemo yevarwere vasina kugamuchira kliniki yepfungwa yekuongororwa, maererano nekuongorora kwakabudiswa mu Nyaya yezvehutano magazini munaAugust 2011.

"Kuongorora kwedu kwakawana kuti pakati pe1996 na2007, chiyero chekushanyira maitiro ekurwisana nehutano asi hapana maitiro ekurapa kwepfungwa akaonekwa akawedzera kubva 59.5 kubva kune 72.7 muzana," akanyora kudaro vanyori veRamin Mojtabai, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, uye Mark Olfson, ane College of Physicians uye Surgeons of Columbia University n New York, uye nyanzvi yemapfungwa muNew York State Psychiatric Institute.

Narcotic Analgesics

Nharotic analgesics inorayirwa kuti zororo rekutambudzika kwakanyanya.

Muna 2010, mitemo inopfuura 244,300 yakazadzwa nemhando idzi dzepainkillers.

Vamwe vanotungamirira narcotic analgesics vanosanganisira Oxycodone (oxycodone), Vicodin (hydrocodone uye acetaminophen), codeine, morphine, Percocet (acetaminophen uye oxycodone), uye Ultram (tramadol).

Beta-Blockers

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents kana beta-blockers (plain uye pamwe chete nemamwe madhiragi, anorayirwa kurapwa kwechirwere chepfungwa, zvikurukuru kuwedzera kweropa, pamwe chete ne glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, uye migraine.Inopfuura mamiriyoni 191.5 mitsara ye beta- blockers vakazadzwa muna 2010.

Kazhinji inonzi mabha-blockers inosanganisira Brevibloc (esmolol), Coreg (carvedilol), Inderal (propranolol), Lopressor, Toprol-XL (metoprolol), Normodyne, Trandate (labetalol), Sectral (acebutolol), Tenormin (atenolol) uye Zebeta (bisoprolol) ) ./

Ace Inhibitors

Angiotensin-kuchinja enzyme (ACE) inhibitors inoshandiswa mukurapa kukwirira kweropa, scleroderma, migraines nemamwe mamiriro. Muna 2010, ma pharmacy akapa zviyero zvinopfuura 168.7 mamiriyoni eACE inhibitors.

ACE inhibitors dzinosanganisira Lotensin (benazepril), Capoten (captopril), Vasotec (enalapril), Fosinopril, Prinivil, Zestril (Lisinopril), Univasc (Moexipril), Aceon (perindopril), Accupril (quinapril), Altace (ramipril) uye Mavik (trandolapril ).

Mamwe mapoka epamusoro-soro emishonga nemamiriyoni ezvinyorwa akazadzwa ndeaya:

6. Antidiabetes; 165
7. Mapfupa ekufuridzira; 153.3
8. Anti-Ulcerants; 147.1
9. Diuretics; 131
10. Anti-Epileptics; 121.7
11. Tranquilizers; 108.6
12. Utachiona hunotangira; 107.2
13. Calcium Antagonists (Plain & Combo); 97.9
14. Antirheumatics; 95
15. Zviratidzo zveHormonal; 92.3
16. Angiotensin II; 83.7
17. Penicillins; 76.1
18. Kusvibiswa & Saizvozvowo Rudzi; 73.9
19. Vitamins & Minerals; 71.9
20. Hypnotics & Sedatives; 66

Kunobva: IMS Health, National Prescription Audit, Dec 2010