Generic mishonga yemishonga inotungamirira mhizha
Chirwere-zita remishonga chemishonga chinowanzopedza makore anenge makumi maviri, uye apo zvibvumirano izvi zvisingasimudzi, zvigadzirwa zvinowanikwa kune vanoita zvekugadzira izvo zvino vanogona kutaurira mavara avo emishonga iyo kumusika.
Makambani eInishuwarenzi ave achiita kuti varwere vaone maitiro ezvokuita nekupa vateveri vepasi-pasi vachienzaniswa nemishonga yemishonga.
Mushumo weGoldData unoti maIndia anogadzirwa nemaitiro anonyanya kuita zvakanaka mumisika yemagetsi, uye makambani mazhinji uye akawanda ari kuendesa zvivako zvekugadzira kune dzimwe nyika kuderedza mari.
Maererano neU.S. Food and Drug Administration, zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvakafanana, zvinoshanda nenzira imwe chete, uye zvinopa zvikwereti zvakafanana kune avo vanonzi mazita avo. Izvi hazvirevi kuti zvinodhaka zvinokwana 100 muzana zvakaenzana nemamwe mazita avo, asi vadzidzisi vavo vanofanira kuratidza kuRWA kuti vanogona kuva vatsigiri vanobudirira pamishonga iyo vari kuiridzira.
Kubva pane nhamba dzemari dzakapiwa Nokuongorora kuburikidza ne 2016, makambani aya ezvinodhaka ari kutungamirira nzira mumisika yemagetsi.
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
Vakashuma mari mu 2016 vaiva $ 9.8 mabhiriyoni.
Teva nguva dzose anonyora zvinopfuura $ 9 mabhiriyoni mukutengesa uye akatenga kodzero dzeAllergan's generics division muna 2015.
Mylan Inc.
Yakashuma $ 9,4 mabhiriyoni mumari yegore ra2012. Muna 2014, zvakatora chikamu chikuru chebhizimisi reAbbott Pharmaceutical, kutenga kodzero kune anopfuura 100 ehuwandu uye mazita emagetsi anogadzirwa.
Inotarirwa muUnited States, ine vashandi vanopfuura 20 000 pasi rose.
Sandoz, the generic division of Novartis
Yakasvika $ 9 biliyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Sandoz inoshandisa vanopfuura 25 000 vashandi munyika yose uye inotanga 30 nzvimbo dzekugadzira.
Pfizer
Yakashanwa $ 4,5 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuvandudza Viagra, Pfizer yakazotanga kutengesa shanduro yayo chaiyo yemishonga iyo apo patent yake yakapera muna 2017.
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries
Yakashanwa $ 3.6 mabhiriyoni mumari inowanikwa muna 2016 uye yakaona 68 kubva muzana inowedzera mune zvemishonga yemari, zvichida zvikuru chikamu chayo chemadhora mabhiriyoni mana emadhora ekutsvaga reRavexy Laboratories. Kutenga kwakawedzera $ 2 biliyoni mumari uye yakagadziriswa Sun semutungamiri mumusika. Zuva rine vashandi vanopfuura 30 000.
Fresenius Kabi
Yakashanwa $ 2.8 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Kambani yeCanada inonyanya kutaura nezvekombiyuta yehutachiona, kuwedzerwa ropa, uye parenteral (intravenous) nutrition.
Endo International
Yakabhadhara $ 2,52 mazana mumari inowanikwa muna 2016. Itsva inopatsanurana inonzi Par Pharmaceuticals, nePAR inomirira "People Achieving Results." Iyo kambani yakatanga muna 1997 mushure mokuwana kodzero nefuma kubva kuDuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company.
Lupine
Yakashanwa $ 2,5 biliyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016.
Lupine yakapinda mumusika wemagetsi muna 2003 neine antibacterial drug Cefuroxime Axetil. Kubva muna 2018, Lupine inobereka zvinodarika zvinomwe zvemadhiragi.
Sanofi
Vakashuma $ 2 biliyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Anoshandira pasi rose mabhii Zentiva, Medley, Genfar, Winthrop, uye Globalpharma.
Aspen Pharmacare
Vakashuma $ 2 biliyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Seimwe yemakambani mashomanana emishonga anowanikwa muSouth Africa, yakaona kuwedzera kuburikidza nekutarisa kumisika inotanga kuAsia. Inoenderera mberi kutsvaga makambani kuti awane kuwedzera kune imwe nzvimbo yemishonga yemishonga.
Aurobindo Pharma
Yakabhadhara $ 1.8 bhiriyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Aurobindo yakaona kukura kukuru mumakore achangobva kupfuura uye yakazarura 565,000-square-foot-foot, yakazara yakawanda-in-the-art kugovera nzvimbo muEast Windsor, New Jersey, muna 2017.
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
Yakabhadharwa $ 1.8 mabhiriyoni mumari mu 2016.
Dr Reddy yakagadzwa naDr. Anji Reddy muna 1984 paakawana Cheminor Drugs.
Cipla
Yakashuma $ 1,6 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Inobva muIndia, Cipla anewo hukama hwakasimba muUnited States neSouth Africa.
Apotex
Yakashuma $ 1,6 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti muna 2016. Apotex ndiyo inonyanya kudyara mari mune zvekutsvaga uye kukurudzirwa kwekambani ipi neipi yemishonga muCanada-mararamiro kana maitiro, maererano newebsite yayo. Iri rine tsvakurudzo dzinopfuura 1 100 dzekutsvakurudza zvakasimba uye hurongwa hwekufambira munyika 50. Kubva muna 2008, Apotex yakapa $ 1 biliyoni mukutsvakurudza uye kubudirira, pamwe ne $ 2 bhiriyoni yakarongeka kuburikidza ne2028. Inotumira kune dzinopfuura 115 nyika nenharaunda uye inoshanda munyika dzinopfuura 45, kunyanya muU.S., Mexico, neIndia.