Kupfuura Kukosha Kuwedzera, Warren Buffett Mhare Yakanakisisa
Pamwe parwendo, ruzivo rwake rwekugovera chirango rwakakonzera mabhiriyoni akawanda kunze kweiye amene, uye nhamba isingazikamwi (asi yakawanda) yezviuru zvemamiriyoni, kusanganisira mamwe mhuri akaunganidza mazana emamiriyoni emadhora chete kuti aratidze huwandu hwenhare yavo muzvigaro zvezvipo pa rufu.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvidzidzo isu, sevatengi, tinogona kudzidza patinotarisa kumashure pamabasa ake nemazano? Ndinoda kutora nguva yekuratidza zvishomanana zveavo ndinofunga kuti zvinonyanya kukosha.
1. Tora Maitiro Akarurama
Panenge pasina munhu anoita seanokurukura nezvekuti chakavanzika chaicho cheHurren Buffett upfumi ndechokuti anokwanisa kuwana chimiro chekuchengetedza kwake akaiswa pamwe nenzira inomupa zvakanakisisa zvakanakira iye oga. Ihwohwo hutano hwekutanga hukama hwakamhanyira hwakamupa kuwandisa pamari inobatsira mararamiro emazuva ano anotaridzika akaderera pakuenzanisa, kutora pakati pe25% ne50% yehuwandu zvichienderana nehuwandu husina kubvumirana kwebvumirano.
Kana akange aita zvakakonzerwa nemitengo yezviwanikwa semunhu akabhadhara webhandi rekuchengetedza bhandi , iwe haungambove wakanzwa zita rake.
Izvo zvinoenda kuBerkshire Hathaway. Nokushandisa iyo inshuwarisi inotenderera semhando yepamusoro-soro yakakonzerwa nekodzero pasina yezvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvemari chikwereti , Buffett akakwanisa kuparadza 11% kusvika ku15% kuwedzera migumisiro mune chikwereti chechikwata, pamwe chete nekudzorerwazve mari kubva kumashandisi ekushandira, 20% + inowanikwa yegore rose mubhuku rinokosha kwehafu yezana remakore.
Kudai akanga akabata zvikafu zvakafanana mune imwe nhoroondo isina kubhadhara mari , zvikamu zvake zvaizotarisa zvakanyanya. Akazvipa mukana wekushandisa. Sezvo ari nyanzvi, ndiye anonyanya kuiswa pasi uye akafanirwa kupa chikwereti chakawanda nokuda kwekugona kwake kuisa pamwe zvirongwa zvisingabatsiri kumupa iye, mhuri yake, uye shamwari dzake. Iwe unogona kuona kukanganisa chimwe chekukanganisa kwake kwekutanga, Henry Singleton paTeldyne, aive nemafambiro ake.
2. Iva Nechokwadi, Wakanaka Chaizvo paChimwe Chinhu uye Uchishandisa Izvo Maximum Advantage
Vanhu vanovhiringidzika muupenyu. Kana iwe uchida kuva nekubudirira kwekunze, iwe unofanirwa kumira pane imwe nyanzvi yakagadzirirwa uye unova unoshamisa pane iyo. Kana Buffett apedza makore makumi mashanu akapfuura zvakare achiedza kutanga mitsara yezvokudya kana kuedza kuva muveki wenyika yose, angangadai asina kunge akave nehuwandcum hwehupfumi, hupfumi, uye mukurumbira waanoita nhasi. Kunyange vanhu vane mazano akaisvonaka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, saBenjamin Franklin, havana kuzviita panguva imwe chete, asi, vakaisa pfungwa dzavo pane dzakasiyana panguva dzakasiyana muupenyu hwavo.
Ratidza zvaunogona kuita zviri nani pane vamwe vose. Sam Walton naRay Kroc vakanga vari vashandi vari nani uye vashandi. Steve Jobs naWalt Disney vaiva varati vekuratidzira uye vanoratidzwa.
Pasinei nokuti chinangwa chako muupenyu ndechokuti uve nyanzvi yepera kana kuvaka bhizinesi re Fortune 500 kubva pasi, uise "sarudzo-yakatarisa", sezvo Buffett pachake akazvitumidza. Ziva zvaunoda, paunenge uchida, uye kuti unozozviwana sei. Kunze-ita vanhu vose.
3. Kuzivikanwa iFomu yeChitoro Inofanirwa Kuchengetedzwa uye Kudzivirirwa
Kana iwe uchizozivikanwa nokuda kwehutendeseka hwako nekuita zvakanaka, uchazviwana iwe pakuguma kwekugamuchira kwenyasha dzakawanda uye mikana yakawanda iyo yakange isingave yakaratidzwa ivo pachavo. Buffett akatora mukana weiyo mukana wose waaigona. Kunyangwe panguva yekutsvaga mari yekutengeswa kwema1980, haazoita zvekutora zvisingabatsiri nokuti aida kuzvikanda ari pachiedza chechichena chakanaka kana grey mutsvuku; mupfumi, akanaka murume ane bhuku rinotarisa uye anununura iwe kubva kune vashandi vanoda kuparadza ngarava yako.
Akanga aine chiratidzo chechimiro chekurumbira kwaaida uye akachikudziridza nhanho dzose munzira. Yakava chiratidzo; mufananidzo.
Apo iwe unotarisa mukati mehupenyu hwake, uye uchizvidzidza zvakadzama, iwe unoona kuti chimiro chechidimbu chinoputika chinoshongedza murume akangwara, ane utsinye ane ruzivo ane IQ iyo iri pamatsetse uye chimiro chekuita avarice (iyo, pakupedzisira, inobatsira vanhu sezvo iri kupa 99% zvayo kudzokera kuzovandudza mararamiro). Acharega mabhizimisi achikundikana. Achasiya shamwari dzake kana ikakanganisa zita rake guru. Achaisa zvido zvake, uye Berkshire Hathaway, pamusoro pezvimwe zvinhu zvose. Haasi benzi. Anonyatsoziva nzira yekuwana nayo, kuwedzera, uye kutora zvakanyanya simba rekushandisa kuburikidza nemari, zvematongerwe enyika, uye zvehupfumi.
4. Tora Kubatsira kweMutero weNtefisi uye Unzwisise Simba reNhanho Duku Kudarika Nguva
Zvinhu zvishoma izvo Buffett akazviita mubasa rake rose kuti awedzere kune ngozi-isina 2% kana 3% pano kana ipapo, kunyanya maererano nekukwanisa kwemitero, inoshamisa zvechokwadi. Mune dzimwe nzira, kukosha kwekutengesa kwaakavakirwa kuBerkshire Hathaway, iyo inomubvumira kuti aende sejinjini mafuta muumambo hwose kumushandira unobatsira zvikuru, chikamu chakawanda chechakavanzika chekubudirira kwake. Kubva pane zvinhu zvakajeka, sekungoita kugadziriswa kwemashoko makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu ezvinyorwa zvakaenzana kuitira kuti anokwanisa kutora chikamu chisina mutero kunze kwekambani dzinoshandiswa uye kuzvidzosa zvakare, kumadhora akawanikwa makumi emakore apfuura muNebraska mutero wekero sezvairi inotaura nezvemabhizimisi einishuwarenzi pachayo, nekurova dzakawanda zvisles uye zvakapetwa, iye akawedzerwa mune zvenyama kusvika pakuguma kwekushanda kwehupenyu hwake. (Izvozvi pane imwe chikwata - Buffett pachake ndeimwe yevashandi vanowanikwa muparadhiso panyika, asi anoramba kubhadhara kune avo vanochengetedza zvikonzero nokuda kwezvikonzero zvaakanyatsotsanangura kare.)
Vashandi vashoma vanogona kushandisa izvi, zvakare. Itai mari kuburikidza neRoth IRA, iyo inonyanya kukosha kumusha wakakwana wematero sezvo uripo muUnited States . Usatora chikwereti chisina kubhadhara chekuderedza zvinhu. Shandisa mari yakaderedzwa nemitero nekuchengetedza kushanduka kwepamusoro ( waona here yakavakwa mune zvisingabatsiri muhomwe muBerkshire Hathaway's portfolio!? Vakanaka!).
5. Zvishamwaridzane neVakarurama uye Ita tsika inobhadhara maitiro aunoda kubudiswa
Kusimudza kunorema kunoitwa neBerkshire Hathaway kushandiswa kwemasangano. Mabhizimisi iwayo, akawanda ayo aive ari mu Fortune 500 kana akasarudzwa, anotungamirirwa naVa CEO vanozviratidza kushanda zuva rega rega. Vanotarisira zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi zvepasi pose zvinounza mabhiriyoni nemabhiriyoni eupfumi huwandu izvo zvino zvinotumirwa kuOmaha kaviri pagore. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva zvinetso zvichiitika, izvo zvinotofanira kuitika musimba rehukuru hwayo, tarenda yaBuffett yekukwezva vatongi vakuru, vachiita kuti vade kukunda, uye kuramba akavimbika kune bhizimusi zvakakosha zvikuru kuti zvisiyane zvachose. Mumabhizimisi mazhinji, hutano hwevanhu vanoita basa ndewokukosha zvakanyanya kune kubatsirwa . Wana vanhu vari nani, vanakidzwe nemigumisiro yakanaka.
Saizvozvowo, ivai nekutarisira zvikurusa zvakashata. Iwe unoda kudzivisa kusika mubhadharo kana kubvuma nzira dzinokonzera vashandi, makontrakiti, kana mamwe mapato kuti aite unzenza, asina hanya, asingabvumirwi nemutemo, kana mamwe maitiro asina mubvunzo. Iwe unowana zvakawanda zvezvaunotsigira kuitira kuti upe rubatsiro nekuchenjera.
6. Tarisa Pfungwa Dzako
Bhuku raBuffett mubhizinesi, Charlie Munger, dzimwe nguva rinotaura kuti kana iwe wakatora pfungwa dzakanakisisa dzese dzaakambova nadzo uye akadzibvisa kunze kweiyo, Bhuku reBuffett raizova rinenge mavhareji kuBerkshire Hathaway. Icho chaive chivimbo chekutenderera kuisa zvikamu zveThe Coca-Cola Company; kuisa pfungwa pazvinhu uye kuurawa kwehutano; kuti atore danda mune iyo-Washington Post Company kana Gillette iyo yakaita mutsauko.
Kana chimwe chinhu chikapfuura radhi yako iyo yakarurama munzvimbo yako yakanaka - iwe unonzwisisa, iwe unoziva njodzi, iyo inogona kunge yakakosha iwe, uye zvakajeka iwe unogona kusvika nekubata - usarega kuti ipfuure. Kamwe kamwe nemakore gumi kana kupfuura, iwe uchazopiwa nemukana wekuzembera kumatare kunze kwekuzvikuvadza iwe kana ukaenda. Kana zvikaitika, regai zvibve.
7. Ita Zvakanaka Udzorere Kumasangano
Kufanana nemashizha makuru pamberi pake, Warren Buffett ari kupa zvipo zvinenge zvese zvinobudirira zvese zvebasa rake kune hupfumi hwakawanda. Kuburikidza neGates Foundation, mutengo wake unozopa hupfumi mari yekuchengetedza hupenyu, kuvandudza dzidzo, uye kuchinja nyika kuti ive nani. Funga kupfuura iwe pachako. Edza kutsvaga nzira yekushandisa matarenda ako pakuvandudza ruzivo rwevaya vakakupoteredza, kuva chikomborero kwavari munzira dzavasina kumbofunga.