A Tarisa Kuduku Kudukura RNA uye Mashandisiro muMorecular Genetics Research
siRNA, iyo inomirira zviduku zvinopindira Ribonucleic Acid, iri kirasi yemakemikoro maviri eRNA. Iko dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa sepfupi kupindira RNA kana kunyarara RNA.
Usati wanyura mune izvo chaizvo iSRNA, zvakakosha kuziva basa reRNAs. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) inonzi nucleic acid inowanikwa mumasero ose ehupenyu uye inoita senhume inotakura mirayiridzo inobva kuDNA yekudzora kupindirana kwemapurotini (chinyorwa: mune mamwe majekiseni eRNA panzvimbo yeDNA inotakurawo ruzivo rwemashoko).
Kugadzikana kuduku RNA (siRNA) zviduku zviduku zvakapetwa (ds) RNA, kazhinji inenge 21 nucleotides refu, uye 3 'overhangs (2 nucleotides) pamagumo ose anogona kushandiswa "kupindira" nekushandurwa kwemapurotini nekusunga uye nekusimudzira kusvibiswa kwenhume RNA (mRNA) pakutevedzana kwakananga.
Mukuita kudaro, siRNA inodzivisa kubudiswa kwemapuroteni chaiwo anobva pane zvinokonzera nucleotide zvemRNA yavo yakafanana. Izvo zvinonzi inonzi RNA interference (RNAi), uye inogonawo kunzi seRNA silence kana siRNA knockdown.
Kwavanobva
SiRNA inowanzoonekwa sokuti yakabva kune zvidzitiro zvakakura zvekukura zvakanyanya kana kuti zvinobva kunze kwechimiro) RNA iyo inotorwa nechechi uye inotungamirirwa zvakare.
IRNA inowanzobva kune vector , semavirusi kana transposons, uye yakawanikwa ichiita basa rekudzivirirwa kwemagetsi, kusvibiswa kweMRNA kana mRNA yakawanda inoshandurwa, uye kudzivirira kuparadzwa kwe genomic DNA ne transposons.
Nhengo imwe neimwe yeRRNA ine 5 'phosphate boka uye 3' hydroxyl (OH) boka. Izvo zvinobudiswa kubva kune dsRNA kana kuti hairpin looped RNA iyo, mushure mokupinda muchitokisi inoparadzaniswa neRNase III-enzyme yakadai, inonzi Dicer , inoshandisa RNase kana kuti masimba ekudzivirira . Iyo siRNA inobva yabatanidzwa mu-multi-subunit protein yakaoma inonzi RNAi-induced silencing complex (RISC).
RISC inotsvaga "chinangwa chakakodzera mRNA, iyo siRNA inobva yasunungura uye, inofungirwa, ruzivo rwemasikisi runotungamirira kukanganisa kwechirongwa chemRNA chinowirirana, uchishandisa musanganiswa wemakemikari ekupedzisira uye exonuclease.
Chiremba uye Utano Hushandiswa
Apo imwe tsvina inotapira inotarisana neRNA inopetwa kaviri yakadai saSiRNA, inogona kukanganisa iyo sechirwere ichi-chigadzirwa uye inotanga mhinduro dzomuviri. Mukuwedzera, kuiswa kwe-siRNA kunogona kukonzera kusingatariswi-kutarisa apo dzimwe mapuroteni asina kutyisa anogonawo kurwiswa uye kubviswa.
Kuzivisa kuti siRNA yakawanda kumutumbi kunogona kuita kuti zviitiko zvisingaiti nekuda kwekushandiswa kwevanhu vasingagoni kuzvidzivirira, asi vakapa simba rokurova chero chibereko chekufarira, siRNAs inogona kushandiswa nemishonga yakawanda.
Nekemikemu kuchinja siRNAs kuwedzera zvirwere zvadzo zvakadai se:
- basa rinosimudzirwa
- yakawedzera serum kugadzikana uye zvishoma nezvishoma-zvinangwa
- yakaderedza kushandiswa kwemasimoniki
Zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kutarisirwa nekudzivisa mazita ekutaura. Saka, zvakagadziriswa zve synthetic siRNA yekushandiswa kwemishonga zvakave chinangwa chakakurumbira chemakambani akawanda ehupharmaceutical.
Tsanangudzo yakadzama yezvinhu zvose zvakadai semakemikari ekugadziriswa inogadziriswa pamusana weSiRNAmod, nhamba yepamusoro yakanyatsogadziriswa yeongororo yakagadziriswa chemishonga yakashandurwa siRNAs.
Sources:
Tsai, CS Biomacromolecules: Nheyo dzekugadzirisa, kushanda uye kudzidzisa. Wiley-Liss, 2007.
Whitehead, KA; Dahlman, JE; Langer, RS; Anderson, DG (2011). "Kunyarara kana kushushikana? SiRNA Kutumira uye Immune System". Ongororo Yegore negore yeMakemikari neByomolecular Engineering 2 : 77-96.
Alekseev OM, Richardson RT, Alekseev O, O'Rand MG (2009). "Kuongororwa kwemazwi ekutaura kwemajeri muHeLa masero inopindura kuwedzera kana kuti siRNA-mediated depletion ya NASP". Biro Reproductive uye Endocrinology: 45.