Ndeipi Yakanakisisa? Index Mutual Funds kana ETFs?
Zvakafanana: Sei Uchishandisa Indexing Strategy?
Tisati tapinda mune kusiyana kwekodzero dzemari uye ETFs, ngatitangei nezvimwe zvakafanana, kana kuti nei iwe ungadai uchiisa mari mukati mekodzero yemari kana ETF. Indekisi yemari uye ETFs zvose zviri pasi peshoko rimwe chete re "indexing," nokuti zvose zviri zviviri zvinosanganisira kuisa mari mune imwe nhamba yechinyorwa. Chikonzero chikuru chekunyora pasi ndeyekuti mari yekuenzanisa uye ETFs inogona kukunda mari inogadziriswa zvakagadziriswa munguva refu.
Chokutanga uye chakanakisisa chikonzero chekushandisa mari yehurukuro kana ETFs ndeyekuti inyanzvi yekutsvaga mari inoshevedza hurongwa hwekutsvaga mari . Kusiyana nemari yakachengetedzwa zvakasimba, mari dzisina kufanira haisi yakagadzirirwa kubuda kunze kwemusika kana imwe nhamba yekuenzanisa. Chinobatsira pano ndechekuti inobvisa mutengesi wehutachiwana , iyo ndiyo ngozi (kana kusagadziriswa kwekuguma) iyo mutariri wemari achaita kukanganisa uye kuguma kurasikirwa nehuwandu hwekuenzanisa, saS & P 500 .
Sei Tichifanira Kuita-Kutarisira Mari Yese Inowanzosara kuIndaneti Mari
Chimiro chaicho ndechekuti mari yepamusoro inobata-chengetedza inoita zvakanaka mumakore mashomanana ekutanga kubva pakuvambwa; inobudirira kumusoro-kuenzanisa kwekudzoka, iyo inokwezva vamwe vatengi; zvinhu zvemufambisi zvinokura zvakakura zvokuti zvigare zvakanaka uye zvakare munguva yakapfuura; uye inodzoka inotanga kuchinja kubva kumusoro-chiyero kusvika pasi-muvhareji.
Mumashoko akasiyana, nenguva iyo vashandi vakawanda vanoona mutambo wekubatana kwepamusoro-soro, vakashaya huwandu hwepamusoro-huwandu hunodzoka. Ndizvo zvandinodana "kudzingirira mari;" iwe unowanzobata zvakanakisisa kudzoka nokuti iwe wakapa mari zvichienderana nekushanda kwekare.
Rimwe ruzivo rwekutsvaga mari muzvikwereti zvisina kufanira, zvakadai sekuenzanisa mari uye ETFs, ndeyokuti vane mari yakaderera zvakaderera kana vachienzaniswa nemari yakachengetedzwa.
Ichi ndicho chimwe chinhu chakakonzerwa nemutungamiriri ari kushanda, izvo zvakaoma kuita nguva dzose uye kupfuura nguva. Semuenzaniso, mari zhinji yemari inoshandiswa mari inosvika pasi pe 0,20% uye ETFs inogona kuva nemari inodhura kunyange yakaderera, yakadai se0.10% kana yakaderera, asi mari inogadziriswa yakawanda inowanzova nemari inodarika 1.00%. Nokudaro mari yekushambadzira inogona kuva ne100% kana yepamusoro inobatsira pamusoro pemari inobatanidzwa inobatanidzwa nguva isati yasvika. Mukupfupisa, mari shoma inowanzoshandura kuidzoka yakakwirira kupfuura nguva.
Kusiyana pakati pe Index Index uye ETFs
Usati waenda pane zvakasiyana-siyana, heino kupfupikisa kwakakurumidza kwekufananidzwa: Zvose izvi ndezvipfungwa zvisingabatsiri zvinoratidzira kushanda kwechikamu chepasi, seS & P 500; vose vari vaviri vane mari yakaderera zvakadzama kana vachienzaniswa nemari yakachengetedzwa; uye ivo vari vaviri vanogona kuva vakachenjera masimba ekutsvaga kwekusiyana kwezvikwata uye kugadzirwa kworuzhinji.
Sezvatotaurwa kare pano, ETFs zvinowanzova nemari shoma shoma pane kuratidza mari. Izvi zvinogona kunyanya kupa ruzivo rwakapetwa muhutori pamusoro pekunongedzera mari kune muzvinabhizimisi. Kunyange zvakadaro ETFs inogona kuva nepamusoro yekutengesa mari. Somuenzaniso, ngatiti iwe une rekwereti yekwereti kuVanguard Investments .
Kana iwe uchida kutengesa ETF, iwe uchabhadhara mari yekutengesa inenge madhora $ 7.00, asi chinyorwa cheVanguard chekutsvaga iyo index hachikwanisi kuva nemari yekubhadhara kana kutumirwa.
Izvo zvakasara kusiyana pakati peongorori mari uye ETFs zvingave zvese zvinoonekwa sezvikamu zvepakati imwechete mutsauko: Mari yekuenzanisira inobatanidza mari uye ETFs inotengeswa sematokisi. Izvi zvinorevei? Somuenzaniso, ngatiti iwe unoda kutenga kana kutengesa mari yekutengeserana. Mutengo waunotenga kana kutengesa hausi mutengo chaiwo; ndiyo Net Asset Value (NAV) yezvivimbiso zvepasi; uye iwe uchatengeserana neFP's NAV pakupera kwezuva rekutengesa. Nokudaro, kana mitengo yematengo inokura kana kuwira masikati, hauna kutarisira nguva yekushandiswa kwebhizimisi. Kana zviri nani kana zvakanyanya, iwe unowana zvaunowana pakuguma kwezuva.
Kubatsirwa kweT ETs ne Index Indexs
ETFs inotengeswa mukati mezuva, kufanana nematokari.
Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kana iwe uchikwanisa kushandisa zvishoma pamutengo wekutengesa kunoitika masikati. Iko shoko guru pano i IF . Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kuti mumusika uri kufamba uchikwira masikati uye iwe unoda kushandisa zvayo, iwe unogona kutenga ETF pakutanga kwezuva rekutengesa uye unotora kufamba kwakanaka. Pane mamwe mazuva mutengesi unogona kuenda kumusoro kana kuderera nehuwandu hwe100% kana kupfuura. Izvi zvinopa zvose pangozi uye mukana, zvichienderana nekururama kwako pakufanotaura nezvemaitiro.
Chimwe chikamu chekushanda-chakakosha cheE ETF ndizvo zvinonzi "kupararira," iyo ndiyo misiyano pakati pebhandi uye kubvunza mutengo wekuchengeteka. Zvisinei, kuisa pachena, dambudziko guru iri pano rine ETFs dzisina kutengeswa zvakanyanya, apo kupararira kunogona kuwedzera uye kusingagamuchiri kune mumwe munhu wevatengesi. Saka tarisa huwandu hwekutengeserana zvirongwa zveEFs, zvakadai saShares Core S & P 500 Index (IVV) uye chenjerera niche dzenzvimbo dzakadai semari inoshandiswa mune zvemari pamwe nemari yenyika.
Kusiyanisa kwekupedzisira ETFs kune chokuita ne-stock-like yebhizimisi yehutano ndiyo kukwanisa kuisa zvigadzirwa zvemitengo , izvo zvinogona kukunda dzimwe dzezviito zvekuita uye zvekutengesa kwekutengesa zuva. Semuenzaniso, neurongwa hwekugadzirisa, mutyairi anogona kusarudza mutengo apo shanduro inourawa. Nekuraira kwekumira, mutyairi anogona kusarudza mutengo uri pasi pemutengo wezvino uye kudzivirira kurasikirwa pasi pemutengo wakasarudzwa. Vatengesi havana urongwa uhwu hwekugadzirisa kutonga pamwe chete nemari.
Unofanira Kushandisa Index Funds, ETFs kana Zvose?
Nyorenda inoshandisa vs ETF nhaurirano haisi chaiyo / kana mubvunzo. Vatengesi vakachenjera kuongorora zvose. Mari nezvikwereti ndizvo muvengi wevatori venhau. Saka kuongorora kwekutanga pakusarudza pakati pezviviri ndiyo chiyero chemari. Chechipiri, panogona kunge kune dzimwe dzimba dzekutsvaga iyo imwe mari inogona kuva nekunaka pane imwe. Semuenzaniso, mutengi anoda kutenga mutsara unonyatsoratidza maitiro ekutengesa kwegoridhe, inogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chawo nekushandisa ETF inonzi SPDR Gold Shares (GLD).
Pakupedzisira, kana kushanda kwekare kusina chivimbo chemigumisiro yemunguva yemberi, kudzoka kwezvakaitika kare kunogona kuratidza chikwereti chekucherechedza kana kukwanisa kwe ETF kunyatsocherechedza firimu iri pasi uye nekudaro anopa mubhadhari hukuru hwekudzoka mune ramangwana. Semuenzaniso index index, Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Inv (VBMFX) yakamboita shanduro yeShares Core Yese US Bond Market Index ETF (AGG), kunyange zvazvo VBMFX ine mubhadharo wekutengesa we 0,20% uye AGG ndeye 0.08% uye vose vanoona mufananidzo iwoyo , iyo Barclay's Aggregate Bond Index . Mumashoko akasiyana AGG maitiro akaitika kare kare akawedzera zvakare pasi pehurukuro kupfuura VBMFX.
Cautionary Mashoko eUchenjeri: Jack Bogle pane ETFs
Sezvaungatarisira, muvambi weVanguard Investments uye piyona wekunyora, Jack Bogle, ane kusava nechokwadi pamusoro peEFs, kunyange zvazvo Vanguard ine kusarudzwa kukuru kweiyo. Bogle inonyevera kuti kufarirwa kweEFs kunonyanya kunzi kudzingiswa nemabhizimisi emari. Nokudaro kuburitswa kweT ET kunogona kusabatanidzwa zvakananga kune zvavanoita.
Uyewo, kukwanisa kutengesa rondedzero yakafanana nematokari kunokonzera muedzo wokutengesa, izvo zvinogona kukurudzira zvinogona kukuvadza kuisa maitiro ekutsvaga mari, zvakadai sekushaya nguva yemusika uye nguva dzose kutengeserana kunowedzera mari, izvo zvinopesana nehuwandu hwekutengesa mafiropu.
Pasi pepamusoro pane Index Funds vs ETFs
Kusarudza pakati penhepfenyuro yemari uye ETFs nyaya yekusarudza chimbo chakakodzera chebasa uye hapana chimwezve. Imwe nyundo yekare inogona kushanda zvakanaka pane zvaunoda purojekiti, asi pfuti yakawanda ingasarudzwa zviri nani. Kunyange zvazvo matauro maviri aya akafanana, ane hunyengeri asi hunokosha zvakasiyana mukushanda uye kushandiswa.
Zvichida chinonyanya kukosha chaungaita pamusoro pekuenzanisa mari uye ETFs ndeyekuti mubhadhati anogona kushandisa nokuchenjera zvose zviri zviviri. Somuenzaniso, iwe ungasarudza kushandiswa kwekutsvaga mutual fund sezvinonyanya kuchengetedza uye kuwedzera ETFs inoshandisa zvikamu sepa satellite kuti iwedzere kusiyana. Kana kushandisa mashandisiro ekushandisa masangano echinangwa chakanaka kunogona kusimbisa hutano, iyo yose (chikwereti) chikamu chikuru kupfuura chikamu chezvikamu.
Zvinonzwisisika: Mashoko ari pawebsite ino anopa mazano ekukurukurirana chete, uye haafaniri kushandiswa zvisina kunaka sekutsvaga mazano. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu iyo ruzivo runomiririra hutungamiri kutenga kana kutengesa zvigumisiro.