Zvamunoda Kuziva Usati Waisa mu 'Mahomwe Akawanda' Index Fund
Nhepfenyuro yemari yakawana mukuzivikanwa mumakore achangopfuura uye yava sarudzo yakasarudzwa munharaunda yakawanda yekutsvaga. Zvechokwadi, iyo yakawanda yemari yemari yekodhi, Vanguard Total Stock Market Index (VTSMX) ndiyo inonyanya kubhadhara mari pasi rose , zvichienzaniswa nehupfumi pasi pehutungamiri.
Yakawanda yemakemikari inowanikwa mari ine zvikwereti zvakajeka kune vashandi asi haisi nguva dzose yakashandiswa zvakanaka. Hezvino izvo zvaunofanira kuziva nezvemahombekiti emari yemari yekushambadza usati waita mari:
Ndeapi Broad Market Index Funds?
Sezvo iyo izwi rinonzwika, mari yakawanda yemari yemari inoshandiswa inowedzera mune imwe nzvimbo huru yemusika unotengeswa, kazhinji inotarisa zvimwe zvivimbiso, zvakadai sematokisi kana zvisungo. Izvo zvinopa huwandu hwemashamba ekutsvaga kune varairidzi vanowanzodanwa huwandu hwemari yemari yemari .
Semuenzaniso, mutual fund kana Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) iyo inotevera S & P 500 Index inowanikwa zvakasiyana-siyana mari yehuwandu asi kakawanda mararamiro akawandisa emakiromita anoreva nezvehomwe ine hurukuro yakawanda kupfuura iyo - mari inogona kuisa mu imwe nhepfenyuro yakawanda, yakadai seWilshire 5000 kana Russell 3000. Kubata muWilshire 5000 naRussell 3000 kunosanganisira vazhinji vekuAmerica stock holdings inoshandiswa pakutsinhanana kwezvitengo, ndicho chikonzero zita re "marita ose" rinowanzobatanidzwa muhomwe zita.
Yakawanda yemari yemakero mari iyo inowedzera muzvisungo inowanzoona Bharclay's US Aggregate Bond Index , iyo inosanganisira anenge 17 000 zvisungo, saka zita rokuti "total bond index" kune iyo index index inoritora.
Kubatsirwa kweBusiness Market Index Funds
Yakawanda yemakemikari inowanikwa mari ine zvikwereti zvakafanana iyo imwe yekodhi yemari inopa uye dzimwe.
Heino zvakakosha kubatsira kune vashandi:
- Low cost: Sezvimwewo mari yakawanda yemari, mari yakawanda yemari yemari yemari inowanzova nemari yakaderera pasi pe 0,20 muzana, iyo inongova $ 20 chete ye $ 10 000 inotengeswa. Kudhura mari kunobatsira kusimbisa kudzoka, kunyanya munguva yakareba, nokuti mari shoma yakaenzana yakafanana nemari inotengeswa kukura uye kuwedzera nguva.
- Kudhinduka Kwezasi: Chikonzero chikuru chekudhura mari yekutsvaga mari ndeyekuti kubata hakutengeswi uye kunotora panzvimbo yakakwirira. Iyi kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa inonzi inoshandiswa, iyo inogona kurondedzerwa se peresenti yemari yekuchengetwa kwemari iyo yakatsiviwa nemari yakasiyana-siyana (kana kuti "yakashandurwa") mugore rapfuura. Mari dzakawanda dzinotungamirirwa zvine simba (kwete mari yekuenzanisira) dzinogona kuva nehuwandu hwepamusoro huri kupfuura 50 muzana, asi mari yekuenzanisira kazhinji inowanzova nehuwandu huri pasi pe5 muzana.
- Mutero-kubudirira: Chikonzero chakanaka chekutora mari shoma ndekuderedza mitero inopfuurira kumudzimai. Kana mari yekutengeserana inotengesa kubhadhara pamutengo wakakwirira kudarika mutengo unotenga, inobhadhara mutero wemari inowanikwa, iyo inopfuurirwa kune varairi vomu "mafambiro emari ekugoverwa ." Kana iwe uine chikwereti chemari mubhadhareti inotengesa, iwe uchabhadhara mitero pazviparidzi izvi. Saka, tichifunga kuti iwe unoda kuderedza mitero, iwe unoda mari yekubhadhara mitero , yakadai seyo yakawanda mumakero index fund.
- Kuwedzera kweDhiversification: Nyaya zhinji yemari yakasiyana-siyana, zvinoreva kuti inoshandisa mari yakawanda yezvivimbiso. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwemahombeksi yemari yemari inopa huwandu hwakasiyana-siyana, zvinoreva kuti vanoita mari yakawanda kune vheji yekodzero yemari. Semuenzaniso, vazhinji vakawanda mari yekutengeswa kwemari yemari inotengeswa mumatanda anopfuura 3 000, asi S & P 500 index index inowedzera mune mazana makumi mashanu ematokari.
- Passive Management: Kufanana nedzimwe mari yehuwandu, mari yakawanda yemari yemari inotengeswa zvisina kunyanya, zvinoreva kuti maneja haasi kuedza zvakasimba kurova mufananidzo wekuenzanisa; panzvimbo iyo ivo vari kuedza kutevera kushanda kwechiratidzo. Izvi zvinobatsira nokuti inobvisa ngozi yokuti maneja achaita zvisarudzo zvisina kunaka, kazhinji zvichibva pamanzwiro evanhu, zvakadai semakaro uye kutya, izvo zvingakanganisa kutonga. Mumashoko akasiyana, mari yekuenzanisira inobvisa mutengesi ngozi kubva mukutsvaga.
- Mutero-Kubudirira: Chikonzero chakanaka chekutora mari shoma ndechekuderedza mitero inopfuurira kumudzimai. Kana mari yekutengeserana inotengesa kubhadhara pamutengo wakakwirira kudarika mutengo unotenga, inobhadhara mutero wemari inowanikwa, iyo inopfuurirwa kune varairi vomu "mafambiro emari ekugoverwa." Kana iwe uine chikwereti chemari mubhadhareti inotengesa, iwe uchabhadhara mitero pazviparidzi izvi. Saka, tichifunga kuti iwe unoda kuderedza mitero, iwe unoda mari yekubhadhara mitero seVTSMX.
Zvichinyatsojeka, ruzivo rwemahombeksi yemari yemakemikari rine zvakanakira zvimwe zveimwe mari yekuenzanisira, asi ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwakanyanya.
Yese Stock Market Index vs S & P 500 Index
Nzira yakanaka yekuziva kana yakawandisa yemakakiti inotsvaga mari ndeyekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga iwe ndekutarisa kusiyana pakati pehuwandu hwemari yemari yemari inoshandiswa neS & P 500 index index .
Nhamba yemari yemari yemari yakawanda inowirirana kushanda kweWilshire 5000 Index yeRussell 3000 Index. Aya mazai makuru emakaka anofukidza huwandu hwakazara hwemari, iyo inosanganisira mahombekombe makuru, mid-cap stock uye zviduku zviduku. Zvisinei, S & P 500 index index inongowedzera chete mahombekiti makuru uye zvichida mamwe mapeji ematokisi. Izvi zvinokonzera kukwidzwa kwemakosheni emabhizimisi akawanda emari zvakasiyana siyana kupfuura S & P 500 index index.
Chimwe chinhu chinokosha chekodha yemari yemari yemari yemugovera kuchengeta mupfungwa ndechokuti ivo vanowanzoona "cap-weighted" index, izvo zvinoreva kuti yakakwirira pamusika wekisi, mukuru we "kuyerwa", kana kuti kuvepo, kutengeswa the index. Nokudaro, mari yose yemakosheni index index inogona kuomeswa zvakanyanya kusvika kumahombekombe makuru, zvichiita kuti shanduro yakafanana neS & P 500 index fund.
Nezvo zvakataurwa, vatengesi vanogona kutarisira nguva yakareba yekushanda kuve yakakwirira zvakakwana neyo yose yemari yemakero index fund nekuti kunyange zvishoma zviduku uye zviduku zviduku zvinogona kubatsira kusimbisa hutano (zvichibva pamativi ezvakaitika kare aizotaurira kuti zvishoma zvinyorwa zvinowedzera zviri nani kupinda guru-caps.
Pane Zvishoma Zvingaitwa Nekushandisa Broad Market Index Funds
Zvakare, achishandisa mushambadziro wekambani yemari yemugovera semuenzaniso, varairidzi vanofanira kuchengeta mupfungwa kuti kuiswa pakati nepakati pekidiki-mashizha, kunze kwezvigadzirwa zvemahombekombe makuru zvinogona kukonzera mari inowanikwa mune imwe nzvimbo iyo kana mutengi ari kusarudza kubata mid- nediki-cap cap funds.
Semuenzaniso, kana mutengesi aida kuchengetedza chikamu chemazana makumi maviri kubva muzana kubva kune zviduku, vanozofanira kuziva kuti mari yavo yose yekutengeserana mari inowanzobata zviduku zviduku uye kugadzirisa mari yavo shoma mari inowanikwa.
Uyewo, kunyange zvazvo mahombekiti emakero emari mari yakasiyana-siyana, inogona kunge isina kukwana zvakakwana kusimbisa zvinodikanwa nevashambadzi vakawanda, avo vanodikanwa kusanganiswa kwezvinhu (kureva mashizha, mabhandi nemari), pamwe nekusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwenharaunda (kureva US uye mashizha emarudzi akawanda).
Kana yakashandiswa zvakajeka, yakawanda yemari yemari inoshandiswa mari inogona kuva yakakosha yekutsinhanisa zvigadziri zvinowanikwa kune vashandi vose