A Tarisa Maonero Ekuti Mari Yezvemari Inobata Sei Purofiti Yenyu
Mari yemitemo inoreva maitiro ayo emabhangi makuru anoshandisa kutonga kupiwa kwemari, kubva pakurongedza kutora mari yekutsvaga kutenga zvinhu zvinotambudza. Mamwe mabhizimusi epakati pepasi pose ane basa rekushandisa maitiro aya ekudzivirira kutengesa kwezvinhu uye kuperesa, asi mamwe mavambo akawedzerwa kuisa zvinhu zvakadai sekudzora uwandu hwemabasa (semuAmerican Federal Reserve).
Zvimwe zvinangwa zvakafanana zvematongerwo emari ndezvi:
- Mutengo Wakasimba (p.
- Kukura Kwezvehupfumi (sekunamata kuwedzera muGDP)
- Exchange Kudzoka (semuenzaniso kuderera kune dzimwe mari)
- Basa Rakazara (p.
Mari yeZvirevo Zvirongwa
Central mabhangi anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuita zvinangwa zvavo uye kutarisira mari inowanikwa. Nzira dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa nemabhanki makuru ari mahokheni akazaruka akagadzirirwa kufambisa federal mari inotengeswa mu federal yemari misika - nzvimbo apo mabhangi anochengetedza kana kukwereta mari yavo inotarisirwa kuti varambe vachienderana nemitemo yebhangi.
Kuvhura mashizha emakambani anokonzera kudiwa kwezvikwereti mumisika iyi nokutenga kana kutengesa zvivimbiso zvehurumende. Kutenga zvivimbiso zvehurumende zvinokonzera mari inowedzera mabhengi, izvo zvinogona kukweretesa mari yakawedzerwa kune mamwe mabhangi uye pasi purofisi. Kusiyana ndezvechokwadi kana hurumende inopinda uye inotanga kutengesa zvigaro zvehurumende, kutora mari kubva mumusika.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira idzi dzichigona kukanganisa kudiwa kwezvinodiwa, mazuva ano mutemo wemari unosanganisira dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokurwisana nenyaya kana chido chekuda chiri kutoderera. Aya maitiro emitemo yemari anowanzotumidzwa se "kusagadziriswa kwemari yemitemo".
Mienzaniso miviri yemazuva ano yezvishandiso izvi inosanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kwekutengesa - Kutenga kwemari yemari zvakananga kubva kumabhengi ezvokutengeserana uye mamwe masangano ega ega nemari yakangobva kugadzirwa kuitira kuvhara mari yakafanotarirwa muhupfumi zvakananga.
- Kuwedzerwa Kukura KwemaDates - Kuchinja kwechikwereti kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakachengetwa nemabhanki makuru kubva munguva pfupi kusvika kwenguva refu, kana nguva refu kwenguva yakareba, nguva yekukura kuitira kuwedzera kana kuderedza mari yakawanikwa mune zvehupfumi.
Mari yeNheyo neVatengi
Vazhinji varairimu vanoziva mitemo yemari yakanakisisa yekunaka kwayo pamusika wekutengesa. Semuenzaniso, nhatu dzakapoteredza kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwakasimbiswa pakati pegore ra2008 ne2012 zvakaita kuti pave nemisangano yakawanda yemakemikari mushure mokunge yaiswa panzvimbo. Nharaunda dzekunaka dzichibatsira kusimbisa hupfumi kuburikidza nekuita zvikwereti zvisingabhadhari, asi vachiita zvikwereti kuti vatenge zvikwereti pamuganhu usingadhuri.
Pasinei nemigumisiro iyi, zvinobatsiro zvematongerwo emari - kunyanya kusagadziriswa kwemari yemitemo - inopikisana zvikuru nevezvematongerwo enyika. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vakawanda vakapinda muhurumende vanorarama kunze kwepensions kana kuchengetedza zvakashata zvakakanganiswa nezvikwereti zvakaderera zvekukwereta sezvo vakachengetedza zvikwereti zvakanyanya. Vaya vanotsigira nheyo dzemari vanopesana nezvikwereti zvinopfuura izvi zvinodhura.
Ikoko kwave kunewo huwandu hwekukundikana kwebhangi kumativi ose enyika. Somuenzaniso, kuArgentine, hutungamiri hwaCristina Fernandez weKirchner hwakanga hwakatsoropodzwa nehupfumi hwepasi pose nekushandiswa kwebhanga guru rekuchengetedzwa kwebhengi kuti riwane mari yehurongwa hwevanhu, nepo bhangi rakakundikana kuva nehuwandu hwemari inoramba ichisimbirirwa neakawanda nyaya.
Nheyo yeMitemo Zviziviso
Vashandi vanogona kukwanisa kushandisa mari yekuita sarudzo nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakapiwa idzi dzinozivikanwa zvakasimba. Zvichakadai, zviratidzo zvinotungamirira zvinogona kupa mazano ekutevedza kwemari mune ramangwana, zvakadai seAkutenga Managers 'Indexes (PMI) uye / kana Indekisi Yekutengesa Mutengo (CPI), iyo inogona kupa hutano hwehupfumi uye kudarika kwezvinhu zvekutsvaga kwezvinhu.
Kuwana mari yekusarudza masangano ndeye nyaya yekutarisa munzvimbo dzakakodzera:
- US Federal Reserve
- Bank of Japan
- Bank of England
- European Central Bank
Uye pano pane zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha zvekutarisa pasi rose:
- ECB M3 Mari Yokushandisa
- BOE MPC Minutes
- RBA Meeting Minutes
- SNB Mari Yehurongwa Basa
- RBNZ Zviziviso
- US Fed Beige Book
- US Fed FOMC Maminitsi
- BOJ MPB Minutes
Vashandi vemunyika yose vanowanzotarisa zvinotungamira zviratidzo kuti vaone kana mutemo wemari unogona kuchinja uye wozogadzirisa mahofisi avo mazviri.
Semuenzaniso, kuedza kuderedza chikwata chechibereko kunogona kuita kuti zviyero zviwedzere kuwedzerwa apo kuwedzerwa kwezvibereko zvinogona kuita kuti zvisungo zvinakidze. Iyi mitemo inogonawo kuratidza hutano hwehupfumi hwose.