Kuzvipira kubva kuMethodist kuenda kuSouth Africa kusvika Domini
John Wesley, muvambi wesangano reMethodist, akakurudzira vateveri vake kuti varege kubatsirwe nekudzvinyirira vavakidzani vavo. Nemhaka yeizvi, vakadzivisa kushamwaridzana kana kuisa mari kune avo vakagamuchira mari yavo kuburikidza nedoro, fodya, zvombo kana kubhejera - kunyanya kusimbisa rubatsiro rwekuchengetedzwa kwemagariro evanhu.
Kunyange zvazvo maMethodist uye nhengo dzezvimwe zvitendero zvakashandisa nheyo dzakasiyana-siyana kumari yavo kuburikidza nemakore - VaMuslim havana kuisa mari mumabhangi, somuenzaniso - zvakange zvisati zvaitika kusvikira makumi matanhatu makumi matanhatu ezvematongerwo enyika aive nemari yekutengesa vanhu vachienda mberi sekuisa mari yekuraira.
The '60s
Kusagutsikana pakati pevadzidzi nevamwe vechidiki vakatungamirira kumakopikisana neHondo yeVietnam uye kukwidzwa kwemakambani anopa zvombo zvinoshandiswa muhondo. Zvichakadaro, kodzero dzevanhu uye kuenzana kwemadzinza zvakasimudza mukurumbira. Mabhizimusi emagariro ekusimba akavakwa mumasangano mashoma kana evanhu vashoma aiva chikamu chebato rakabudisa Civil Rights Act ra1964 uye Kodzero Yekubvumira Mutemo muna 1965.
The '70s
Munguva yemakore makumi manomwe, kushingaira kwehupfambamwe kwakapararira kumatambudziko ekutambisa basa kune makambani, asi kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakavawo kufunga kune vamwe vatengi. Zuva rekutanga rePasi rese rakapembererwa muna 1970.
Sezvo makore gumi akapfeka, zvinonetseka kuti vazhinji vanoita zvematongerwo enyika vaiva nekutyisidzira kwekusvibiswa kubva mumagetsi emagetsi enyu vakasimudzirwa nenjodzi paTree Mile Island nhare yenyukireya.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekugadzirisa mari mune zvemagariro evanhu chakaitika muna 1970, apo Ralph Nader, mutsigiri wevatengi, wezvakatipoteredza uye mushure mekuzvimiririra mumwe munhu akazvimiririra mutungamiri weUnited States, akabudirira pakuwana zvirongwa zviviri zvemagariro ehurumende pamusangano wegore negore weGeneral Motors, nyika yakakura yevashandi panguva iyoyo.
Kunyange zvazvo mavoti ose akakundikana, ndiyo yaiva yekutanga iyo federal Securities Exchange Commission yakabvumira nyaya dzezvemagariro evanhu kuti dzionekwe nevateereri vheti.
Kufambira mberi kwakaenderera mberi kune SRI munguva yemakore makumi masere, kunyanya kuburikidza nemubato wekugumisa urongwa hwehutongerwe enyika muSouth Africa. Vashandi vemari nemamwe masangano vakatora mari yavo kubva kumakambani ekushanda muSouth Africa. Zvisarudzo zvekutsvaga kwemachechi, masayunivhesiti, maguta, uye nyika zvakasunungura makambani mazhinji eUnited States kuti azviparadzanise nemabasa avo eSouth Africa. Izvi zvakaita kuti kusava nekusagadzikana kwezvemari muSouth Africa uye zvakabatanidzwa pakuguma kwehutongerwe enyika.
The '80s
Mavambo ekutanga makumi mapfumbamwe nemazana makumi mana evewo nguva apo mari yakawanda yakawirirana yakavakirwa kuti iite zvinetso zvevanhu vanoita zvekutengesa vanhu. Iyi mari yakashandiswa zvakanaka uye yakashata zvikwereti kune zvavanosarudza. Mari yacho yaisanganisira Calvert Social Investment Fund Balanced Portfolio uye Parnassus Fund. Zvirongwa izvi zvaisanganisira zvinetso zveMethodisti - zvombo, doro uye fodya uye kubhejera - asiwo dzimwe nyaya dzemazuva ano, dzakadai senyika yenyukireya, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kurapwa kwevashandi.
The '90s
Pakazosvika 1990 kwakange kuripo kuwedzera kwakakwana kweRI mutual funds uye kukura mukuzivikanwa sekutsvaga kwekutsvaga mari, kuronga mutsara kuenzanisa kushanda.
Iyo Domini Social Index, yakaumbwa nemakambani mazana mana emadhora makuru eUnited States, akaenzana neS & P 500, yakatangwa muna 1990.
Makambani acho akasarudzwa maererano nehutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwemagariro evanhu uye hwezvakatipoteredza uye vakapa vashandi vekuita nechinangwa chekuenzanisa kushanda kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwekuenzanisa nekuenzaniswa nevamwe vasina kudzivirirwa. Nokufamba kwenguva nhamba yacho yaizobetsera kusavhiringidza nharo iyo kuburikidza nekudzivirira makambani avo vaigona kuisa mune mahofisi avo avo vakanga vachigadzirisa zvinyorwa zvishoma kudarika vatengesi vemazuva ose.
Kuvhiringidza kwakatungamirira pakuzivikanwa kwezvikwangwani zvakananga nekubatanidzwa kwekutaurirana nemakambani ane unhu hunoita kuti ushushikane huvepo hunoitawo kuti kuwedzera kwekutsvaga kwekugara kwevanhu, chimwe chinhu chikuru chekuchengetedza mari. Kutsigirwa kumagariro ekusimudzira hupfumi emasangano akawedzera muma1960 senzira yekugadzirisa kusaenzana kwemadzinza.
Vashandi vezvematongerwo enyika vaitaura kuti pane hutano hwakanaka hwekugara nekushambadzira mune zveCDFIs, izvo zvingadai zvichisvibisa mari kuti ive mumabhizimisi mashoma uye mapurogiramu ezveimba mumisha yakaderera mari. Mari yakagadzirwa kune varombo, avo vakavadzosa nemutengo wekufarira, vachipa kudzokera kune vashandi vasingazivi kuti mari yavo yakashandiswa nenzira yakanaka.
Nhasi
Kufambira mberi kwezuva ranhasi, uye tiri kuona kuwedzerwa kwezvakanaka zvekusimudzira zvinetso zvinobuda semhando ye SRI 2.0 iyo kusanganisira Impact Investing , Kuwedzera Kwekusimudzira Kushambadzira , uye inoramba ichichinja.
Nezviitiko zvinoramba zvichiratidza kubva kune mari uye upfumi kusaenzana nekuchinja kwemugumo, tarisira kuti mitoo iyi inongoramba ichingosimbisa mberi mberi zvikuru sezvo hurongwa hwekusimudzira hunoramba huchiwedzera kuwedzerwa kwemari kumakambani nevana vavo.