Tanga Kuronga Mavambo Okurasikirwa Nokutsvaga Kuzvipira Kwemari
Zvirongwa zvezvemari zvinokosha kana iwe uri kutangisa mubasa rako, uchienda kune rimwe guta idzva, kana uchingoedza kuvandudza imba yako kana imba.
Zvisinei, kana iwe wakaita sevamwe vakawanda vachangopedza kudzidza iwe unogona kunge uine dambudziko rokufunga nezvekurega basa kubva iwe ungangotanga hupenyu hwako shure kwekuchikoro. Uchishandisa pfungwa yekutanga nemagumo mupfungwa, heino mamwe mazano ekukubatsira kuti uwane rusununguko rwechokwadi rwezvemari (aka "retirement" kune dzimwe nzvimbo):
1. Ita chirongwa chakanyorwa chemari chinoshandiswa
Ingoyeuka kuti urongwa hwako hwemari haufaniri kutarisa chero chinhu chakafanana nehupenyu hwevabereki vako. Iwe unogona kutanga kusikwa kwerongwa rako rakanyorwa nekuita urongwa hwe "SMART" zvinangwa zvemari. Asi usamira ipapo! Iva nechokwadi chekuita urongwa hwezvimwe zvinangwa zvehupenyu zvinokosha uye uzvinyorore. Vamwe vanhu vanoona kuti kuumba "dream board" inzira inobatsira yekufungidzira zvinangwa zvako uye kuramba wakamira.
Paunenge uchisika mararamiro ehupenyu hwako iwe unogonawo kuisa mararamiro akasiyana ezvimwe zviitiko zvehupenyu zvinogona kunge zviri pamusoro pekupedzisira.
Izvi zvinogona kuva izvo zvisingazivikanwi zvikuru muupenyu iwe unoda pakupedzisira kugadzirira uye nekushanda mune zvekugadzirira kwako mari. Mienzaniso mishoma inosanganisira kutenga imba yokutanga, kuroora, kuva nemwana, kudzokera kuchikoro, kana kutora nguva shomanana yekufamba pasi.
Kutora nguva yekuumba runyorwa rwezvinangwa zvehupenyu hwako huchakubatsira kuti urambe wakanyatsofunga pane izvo zvinokosha zvikuru kwauri panguva ino inokosha yeupenyu.
Chirongwa chezvemari chakanyora chinopawo mabasa anoita seasingaoneki semabhadharo, kuchengetedza, nekuisa mari kune chinangwa uye zvinoreva.
Saka ungaita sei kuti hurongwa hwako hwezvemari huve hune huwandu huri nani pane zvirongwa "zvekare" zvekare? Iwe unogona kutanga nokuchengeta hurongwa hwako hupfupi uye huri nyore uye hahudi kuti huve hurefu kupfuura imwe peji yemari imwe peji.
2. Ita bhajeti kana kuti purogiramu yako yekushandisa iyo inofanirwa uye inogadziriswa
Kana iwe uchida chaizvo kuwana rusununguko rwezvemari inofanirwa iwe unofunga kuve wakasiyana nehuwandu hwevanhu. Vavhareji veAmerica havateveri purogiramu yekushandisa mari. Kubhadhara mari hakufaniri kuva munhu anonyanya kuoma kana kuora mwoyo. Ichokwadi, iwe unongoda kuva neurongwa hunopa huwandu hunoshandiswa huripo hutungamiri musati watanga mwedzi.
Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhajeti inoshanda. Zvishandiso zvekutsvaga paIndaneti neMint uye YouNeedABudget ndezvimwe zvezvishandiso zvakawanda zviripo zvekubatsira. Heino nyore kushandisa hurongwa hurongwa uchishandisa nzira iri nyore yekuparadzira. Hazvina mhosva kuti iwe unosarudza sei kuumba bhajeti yako inokosha kuti iwe shandisa chirongwa ichi chekushandisa semutungamiri pasinei nemari yako kana mari yakakosha.
3. Ita mari yekudzivirira
Paunoongorora hurongwa hwako hwekushandisa iwe unofanirwa kuedza kuisa mari sechinhu chinonyanya kukosha.
Nguva dzose edza kuponesa zvakanyanya sezvaungagona, asi tarisa kuchengetedza mumhando yakakodzera yeakabhadha. Chikwata chekukurumidzira ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzokutanga dzekutungamirira mari yako yekuchengeta. Vazhinji varongeri vemari vanorayira kuedza kuchengetedza kwemwedzi 3 kusvika ku6 yezvigaro zvekushandisa zvekugara mune imwe nhoroondo kubva pane yako yezuva nezuva chekuona chesaiti. Ichi ndicho chinangwa chakakosha kwenguva refu asi chinogona kuva chinangwa chakaoma kwazvo chekusvika kana iwe uchingotangisa kunze kwebasa idzva mushure mokunge wapedza kudzidza.
Munguva yemakore ekuma20 uye makumi matatu kune chimiro chekuregererwa kwemazuva ano kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuwana huyero pakati pekushandiswa kwemari uye kuronga kwenguva yemberi. Ndicho chikonzero iwe uchange uine kubudirira kwakawanda kusvika pazvinangwa zvako kana ukasarudza kugadzirisa kuchengetedza kuburikidza nekubhadharwa kwemitemo kana kuwedzerwa kwekutsvaga kweanenge 10 muzana yemari yako.
4. Ziva kana zvakakodzera kutanga iwe kubhadhara chikwereti mberi kwekuchengetedza
Pane zvidimbu zvishomanana kune chinangwa chikuru chekuchengeta kwemwedzi 3 kusvika ku6 yekurarama kwemari mune imwe mari yekuchengetedza yakaoma. Chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvisingaiti kana iwe une makadhi makadhi ekwereti kana zvimwe zvikwereti. Muchiitiko ichocho, zvakakosha kusimbisa "svondo rinotanga kushanda" iro rinogona kuva 1-2k uye ozobhadhara chikwereti ichocho pamusoro apa uye kunze kwemari inowanikwa minda. Imwe yenzira dzakanakisisa dzemari yekuumba pakutanga kwebasa rako ndeyekuti ugare uchibhadhara chikwereti chakakwana chinoenderana nemakadhi echikwereti mwedzi mumwe nomumwe.
5. Dzivisa miedzo yekuuya kubvisa mari kubva kumabhengi ako ekurega
Mazuva ekushanda kune mumwe muvakidzani mubasa rose rakapera. Saka hazvishamisi kuti basa rako rokutanga mushure mokunge wapedza kudzidza hazvizovi rokupedzisira. Vanhu vazhinji vanoita chikanganiso chokubhadhara zvirongwa zvekurega basa pavanoshandura mabasa panzvimbo pokubatsirwa kubva mukuenderera mberi kwemitero kudarika 401 (k) kana IRA rollovers. Haisi 401 chete (k) kuregererwa kunoenderana ne10% kubva pakutanga kutora chirango chavo vanotitorerawo remari yekuchengetedza basa remangwana. Kubva pane zvandakaona sehuwandu hwemari, ndakawana hurongwa hwokurega basa rekushandira mari kuti ndive chimwe chezvikonzero zvinokonzera matambudziko emitero yeRS uye chisarudzo vanhu vazhinji vachaguma vachizvidemba mushure mehupenyu.
6. Cherechedza kuti chikwereti chako chinonyanya kukosha asi hachirevi kuti unoda mari
Hongu, zvakakosha kuti ugare uchicherechedza uye uongorore chikwereti chako ... asi usanyanyisa pamusoro payo. Izvo zvataurwa, haufaniri kumirira kusvikira wagadzirira kutenga motokari kana imba kuti uone chikwereti chako chikoro. Kana usina kutanga kuvaka chikwereti chako pakoroji, tarisa mazano aya kuti utange iwe kutanga. Iwe unogona kushanyira nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzakadai seWorld Credit Report.com webhusaiti kuti uwane mitsva yechikwereti kubva kuTransunion, Equifax uye Experian. Zvimwe zvisina-mari mari yakadai seCharma Karma uye Credit Sesame ichakubvumira kuona mari yako yechikwereti. Aya masayiti uyewo anopa pachena mari yekuongorora zvikwereti zvingakubatsira kuti uone kana chero chinhu chisingawanzoitiki chichiitika kune chikwereti chako.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekuita mari yekuita danho ndeyokugara uchitarisa chikwereti chako chekwereti kamwechete kamwechete pagore uye utore matanho ekudzivirira chikwereti chako uye iwe wehutano hwako. Ingoyeuka kuti chikwereti chakanaka chikwanganiso chichakubatsira iwe kukwanisa kukwikwidzana nemitengo yezvikwereti mune ramangwana rekuchengeta mari uye inogona kukubatsira iwe kusimbisa chikwereti chiripo kune chidimbu chechikwereti. Rusununguko rwechokwadi rwezvemari huchaitika kana wabvisa chikwereti uye hauchazodi kutarisira pane chikwereti chikoro.
7. Funga nezvezvinhu zvinokosha mune zvemari pane kurega kubhadhara chikwereti chevadzidzi kutungamira zvisarudzo zvako
Maererano nekufungidzira kwazvino, chikamu chemari chikwereti chemari chikoro che 2016 chinodarika $ 37,172. Zvikwereti zvevadzidzi zvinonyatsooneka zvakaoma zvikuru paunotanga kudzidza kuchikoro. Zvisinei, pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubhadhara zvinoshandiswa uye zvinokosha kuziva kuti mari yechikwereti haisi yega yega yekwereti yekuve yakarisa. Zvimwe zvinokosha zvekubhadhara mari zvakadai sekubhadhara chikwereti chikuru chevatengi (kubhadhara kadhi rechikwereti, zvikwereti zvemari) zvinowanzoonekwa sechinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kuisa mari yako yekusununguka mari (aka "mari inoshamisika") isati yatora mari yakawanda pamari yako yevadzidzi.
8. Tsanangura kusununguka kwezvemari kunoreva iwe
Ndave nemukana wekutaura nevashure vepedza kudzidza muhupenyu hwangu semudzidzisi wezvemari. Kunyange zvazvo dzakawanda zvezvikwata zvemari zvemari zvakanyanyochengetedza nekuchengetedza mari yekurega basa ini handishandisi shoko iro "retirement" zvikuru. Mushure memakore gumi nemakore ekugadzira semari, ini pachedu ndinowana shoko rekusununguka kuva chirevo chakaoma kwazvo kuti chiratidze. Ichokwadi ndechokuti mumwe nomumwe wedu anofanira kuva nechinangwa chedu chakasiyana chekurega basa. Asi zvakaoma zvikuru kuvadzidzi vachangobva kupedza kufunga nezvechirongwa chehupenyu mushure mebasa sezvo magara akawanda ari kungotanga basa idzva.
Panzvimbo pokufunga nezvechinangwa chenguva refu uye kuedza kufanotaura zvichazoitika mune ramangwana rako, shingairira kujekesa kuti rusununguko rwemari rwunoita sei kwauri muno uye ikozvino.
Iwe unotarisira kuitei zvakanyanya? Unofarira sei kushandisa nguva yako nhasi? Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinangwa zvehupenyu ramangwana ramunoda kubudirira?
Zvinosuruvarisa, kwete isu tose takarongwa kuti tive nekugadzirira ramangwana uye zviri nyore kubvumira mutemo we YOLO unotungamirira kusarudzwa kwemari. Usarega kukanganisa kwemazuva iko kuchivhiringidza vavariro dzako dzakanaka kana kukudzivisa kuita chero urongwa hupi neramangwana.
9. Shandisai kodhi yemutero kuti iwe usabhadhara mitero zviri pamutemo uye uwedzere mari yako
Haasi munhu wose ane nguva, simba, kana chido chekuziva iyo IRS code tax. Asi kana iwe ukashandisa nguva yakakwana kuti unzwisise zvidzidzo iwe unenge uri mukutsvaga kune rusununguko rwemari. Tanga nekupa zvakanyanya zvinobvira kune yako 401 (k) kana chirongwa chokubvisa basa pamabasa. Pachinyore, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa nguva dzose zvipo zvekufananidza zvinopiwa neunoshandira. Zvadaro funga nezvekusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera yenzvimbo yekuchengetedza mari yako. Rot 401 (k) chisarudzo chinonyanya kukoshesa kuti unoda here kubhadhara mutero ikozvino (kusati kwabhadhara) kana munguva yemberi (Roth).
Kana iwe usina chirongwa chekurega basa chinowanikwa kwauri kuburikidza nomushandirwi iwe unokwanisa kukwanisa kuita zvechizvarwa kana Roth IRA. Kana iwe uri muurongwa hwekutarisira hutano hwakanaka huri HSA hunokodzera , zvipa zvakawanda sezvaunokwanisa kuti udzikise mitero yako nhasi. Nhau dzakanaka neHSA ndeyekuti iwe uchakwanisa kutora mari iyi isina mutero nguva ipi neipi yekutarisira utano hwehutano uye vanogona kubatsira kubhadhara mari yako yekuchengetedza mari.
Kubva pane maonero ekugadzirisa zvemari, makore anotevera kupedza kudzidza ndeye nguva inokosha yekutanga kuisa nheyo kuti uwane rusununguko rwemari nekukurumidza nokukurumidza. Zvinosuruvarisa, kwete zvikoro zvose zvinodzidzisa zvidzidzo zvinokosha zvemari uye ruzivo kazhinji ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidza. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunofarira ndewekupedzisira wapedza kudzidza iva nechokwadi chekupemberera zvawakaita uye kugadzirisa danho rekutanga nekukwanisa kwebasa guru-basa rekuzvimirira mune zvemari .