Vashandi vechiChinese vakatanga kukura soybean munenge muna 1100 BC. Varimi vechiJapane vakawedzera mafuta emafuta muzana remakore rokutanga AD. MuNorth America, mbeu dzokutanga dzeyasiya dzakakura muGeorgia muna 1765. Nyika dzeArains dzeUnited States dzakatanga kukura mahesheni muna 1851. MaSoybe inoshandiswa mune zvekurima zvekurima uye kutengesa mutengo mumbeu zvinogona kuchinja dzimwe misika yezviyo yezviyo segorosi uye gorosi.
Muumbi wezvakavandika, George Washington Carver, akawana kuti soya ndiyo yaiva yakanaka kwazvo yeprotheni nemafuta muna 1904.
Nhoroondo yekupwanya nyeredzi muzvigadzirwa zvakadzoka shure nekuwanikwa kwaCarver. Sokudya yeSoybean, chikafu chekudya kwemhuka uye mafuta e soya, chikafu mune zvakawanda zvekudya zvakagadzirwa uye mafuta ekubika, ndizvo zvinotengeswa zve soya. Henry Ford akaita mapurasitiki kubva kune soybea uye muna 1935 akashandisa rimwe bhegi rehairi yemotokari yose iyo Ford yakabereka.
Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika yeChina dzakanyangarika munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Panguva iyoyo, varimi muUnited States vakatanga kubudisa chibage pamwero mukuru uye kubudisa kweAmerica kwawedzera mumakore kubvira iko. Muma 1950 mapuroteni emhuka emhuka akatanga kushandiswa kwekudya ye soya kuti vadye hogs, mombe, huku, uye turkeys. Nhasi, soybea inogadzirwa mumatunhu 31 muUnited States ayo anokonzera chikamu chetatu chekugadzirwa kwe soya gore negore.
MaSoybe mazvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana uye makambani ekugadzira soybean akafanana naArcher Daniels Midland, Cargill, Bunge, uye vamwe vanopwanya zvirimwa zvekurima kubudisa mafuta uye kudya.
Kunze kwekubika mafuta, mafuta anobva kune akavhara anoshanda mukugadzirwa kwemargarine, mashizha, masayonnaise, nezvimwe zvinogadzirwa zvekudya. Kunze kwekudya kwezvipfuwo, iyo yakakura yeprotini yehuyu yekudya ye soya inoita kuti zvive zvokudya zvekudya zvakawanda zvinopedzwa navanhu. MaSoybe anogadzirawo tsvina yakachena uye isiri-chepfu.
Sezvaunogona kuona, sesiya chibage chakakosha uye mamiriro ekunze ndiyo inopedzisira yakagadzirisa nzira yekusagadzikana pamutengo wezvinhu zvekurima.
MaSoybe Tendesa Kuda Kunakidza
Mutengo we soya unogona kuve wakasimba pane dzimwe nguva. Ndinorangarira apo ini ndakatanga kutengesa zvinhu zvema1980, varwi venguva dzose vaitengesa nguva dzose vakataura pamusoro pezvakakwanisa "mahairi muvechiri kuyaruka" zvinoreva kuti mutengo unogona kukwira kudarika $ 13 pamusasa. Zvinhu zvakashata zvinowanzokwezva kufarira kunofungidzira. Vatsoropodzi vanotora kutenga zvinhu zvakadai semasybea mutariro yekutengesa pamutengo wakakwirira mune ramangwana apo vanotenda mutengo uchanakidza. Asiwo, vanotengesa kutanga apo vanotenda kuti mutengo ucharamba uchingobatsira uye uchatenga pamutengo wakaderera munguva yemberi. Soybean mune ramangwana rekutengeserana paChicago Board of Trade (CBOT) chikamu cheChicago Mercantile Exchange ( CME ). Vanyengeri vanowanzobhadhara zvakawanda pamwedzi weDIAA WASDE .
Kunyange apo pane zvakawanda zvakakakavadzana pamusoro pebasa revanotsoropodza mune zvekurima uye mune dzimwe misika se soya, vanoshumira basa rinokosha mumakambani emangwana. Vagadziri vanoda kutengesa zvavanoita kana mitengo yakakwirira uye vatengi vanoda kutenga kana mitengo iri pasi.
Vatengesi vanoedza kutengesa pamitengo yose yekutengesa iyo inowedzera kushambadzira kumisika kuburikidza nekutengeserana ivhu rinobvumira vatori nevatengi kuti vaite zvavanoda uye zvinoda pamatengo ose emitengo. Nokudaro, chimiro chekufungidzira che soya nenzira dzakawanda chinoshandisa mhizha dzekurima nekupa mari.
Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri Wenyika uye Muteri
IUnited States ndiyo inonyanya kubudisa muchengeti uye mutengi we soya. Mamwe mavheti makuru munyika ndeaBrazil , Argentina, China, India, Paraguay, Canada, Indonesia, Bolivia, neItaly. Varimi vanosima soya mumwaka wegore uye kukohwa mukuwa. Munguva yezhizha, soybea mbeu dzinokura kusvika pakukura. Sezvo kune marudzi munyika yekuchamhembe nechekumaodzanyemba kweHemisimusi inobereka nyemba, iyo inowanikwa gore rose uye mamiriro okunze munyika yose inogona kukonzera mitengo.
Mamiriro ekukura uye mamiriro okunze muUnited States kubva kune rimwe zuva kusvika pakuwa kwegore rose inonyanya kukosha pamitengo sezvo vazhinji vehuwandu hwebhinzi hunobva kuSouth America Zvisinei, zviitiko nemamiriro mune dzimwe nyika zvinogadzira zvinogona kukonzera mitengo uye zvinokonzera kuwedzera kamwe kana kuderera .
Pakutanga Spring Rally muna 2016
Muenzaniso wekupedzisira wekuti mamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro okunze pasi pose angakanganisa matengo akauya mumusi wegore ra2016. Kutungamirira kumusoro kwegore, kupera kwemafuta emichindwe kwakagadzirwa muAsia nemhaka yehutano hwematambudziko hunobva kuEl Niño . Kukundikana kwemafuta emichindwe kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwekudiwa kwemafuta e soya uye mutengo wakatanga kubuda. Zvadaro, munaEpril 2016 mutengo wekudya we soya yakatanga kuungana apo zvinetso zveBrazilian uye South South soybean kukohwa nekuda kwehupenyu huwandu hwekugovera. Muna March 2016, mutengo wezveruzhinji dzepa soya hwakanga uri kutengesa pasi pe $ 9 nebhasi. Mukutanga kwaJune, soybea vaitengesa kudarika madhora gumi nemaviri nekuda kwenhau yeSouth America yezvirimwa uye kushaya kwemajichi emichindwe muAsia.
Rally in soybeans yakakonzera kuparadzirwa kune dzimwe misika dzezviyo. Mutengo wegorosi wakabva ku $ 3.50 nebhasira munaApril 2016 kusvika kumusoro kwe $ 4.40 munaJune. Mutengo wegorosi wakasimuka kubva pa $ 4.46 muna Epril 2016 kusvika kumusoro kwe $ 5.20 pamusana webhanheri kutanga kweJune. Chibage uye gorosi zvakabatanidzwa mukunzwira tsitsi ne soya sekutya kuti mamiriro okunze ari kuSouth America angakonzera nharo dzakafanana nehuyo yeUnited States munguva yekukura muna 2016. Zvisinei, gore rakava gore rechina rakarurama rezvirimwa zvakakura mumatatu ose nheyo dzekutanga uye matengo zvakaderera pasi sezvo nguva yekukohwa yaswedera.
MaSoybe akatungamirira mari yegorosi uye gorosi mukati megore ra20166 uye vanogara vachida kuchinja mamwe mazambiringa kunyanya kana ichiuya kune zviyo.
Murimi Wosarudzo
Kunyange zvazvo United States ndiyo inotungamirira gurukota resoya munyika, ihwowo ihwo huwandu hwekupa zviyo pasi rose. MaSoybe uye zviyo zvinokura mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana naizvozvo gore negore varimi vanotarisana nesarudzo yezvirimwa zvinokura pazviri.
Varimi vadzidzisi vezvoupfumi vakachenjera. Ndivo varume nevakadzi vanoedza kuumba zvakanakisisa kudzoka gore negore nekuda kwefuma yavo inokosha, nyika yavo. Gore roga rega sezvo varimi vekurima vari kusarudza kuti vangashandisa sei purazi ravo, vanofananidza zvitsva zvezviyo zvezviyo uye soya. Misika yemangwana inovapa chinhu chikuru chekugadzira zviyo zvavo munguva yemberi asi inopawo nhungamiro seyakanakisisa yekudzoka kwezvemari. Chibvumirano chitsva chezviya zve soya chibvumirano chekupedzisira kweNovember, uye muzviyo, ndicho chibvumirano cheDisemba. Varimi vanowanzotarisa mutengo we soya inoparadzaniswa nemutengo wezviyo muzvibvumirano zvitsva zvezvirimwa kuti zviite kukosha kwezvisarudzo. Ivhareji yenhamba yezviyo-soybean chiyero pamakumi mana emakore akapfuura yave inenge ma2,5 bushels yegorosi yezviyo mune imwe yega yebhanji inokosha. Apo chiyero chiri pasi pevhareji, zviyo zvinodhura zvakanyanya pane zvakaitika kare kana zvichienzaniswa nehairi. Kana iri pamusoro pemavhareji, nyemba inodhura kupfuura chibage pane imwe nheyo. Varimi vanogara vachitsvaka kudyara, kukura, nekukohwa chibage chakakosha.
Sezvo gore ra2017 rakasara muUnited States rakasvika, chiyero chacho chaitengeserana kumativi maviri 2.6 iyo inobatsira kudyara gorosi. Saka, zvinodaro kuti varimi vachadyara mbeu dzakawanda kudarika chibage pane imwe nhoroondo mumwaka wegore ra2017 muAmerica
Chikumbiro Chiri Kuwedzera
Kudiwa kwezviyo zvose zvakakosha kuri kukura zuva rimwe nerimwe. Muna 1960 pakanga pane vanhu vanosvika mabhiriyoni matatu pavakadyara pasi uye muna 2017 vhuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu vakawanda kupfuura 7,3 bhiriyoni. Kuwedzera kwekuwanda kwevanhu kunoreva kuti zuva roga roga kune mimwe mitsara yekudyisa uye chido chekutanga kwema soya, chibage, uye gorosi rinoramba richikura. Nyika yakava yakavimbika kune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa gore rega roga kufudza vanhu vepasi rose. Nokudaro, mumakore apo michero yezvirimwa yakaderera nekuda kwekushaya mamiriro ekunze kana mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa, iyo inotanga kuwanda inokonzerwa nemutengo wakawandisa. Zvinhu zvinotyisa zvinokonzera kuti mitengo yakakwirira ivepo nyika ine nyaya dzakawanda dzingakanganisa zvose zvezvematongerwo enyika, zvehupfumi, uye zvehupenyu.
Chenjerera Soybean for Trends muMarin Markets
MaSoybe inowanzova mutungamiri munharaunda yezvokurima zvekurima. Mafuta anokonzerwa nemafuta anokonzera zvakawanda zvekuda kufungidzira nekuda kwehuwandu hwehutengo hwekutsvaga. Nokudaro, tinowanzoona maitiro ekubudirira mumisika yezviyo anotanga kuzarura mumasoko emangwana eyoya. Zvakakosha kutarisa mutengo wemari muyeseya kune ani zvake ari murimisi wekurima, mutengesi, kana mutengesi semasybean anowanzopa zvinyorwa zvemugwagwa wekusagadzirisa mutengo wezviyo.