Nzira Yokuenzanisa Muni-Pfuma Yezvikwereti
Kutanga, regai titarise mathemhe shure kwechiyero. Nenzira inonakidza, inongova zvibereko zveAAA-yakarongedzwa nemasisita emasungwa maererano nezvibereko kune US Treasury yekukura kwakafanana.
Kana zvibereko paAAA munis ndeye 1.5% uye chibereko pamutengo weMakore gumi ndeye 2.0%, chiyero che 0.75.
Iyo yakakwirira muni-Treasury ratio, iyo inowedzera munis inosvika kuPfuma. Munhoroondo yose, uwandu hwave hwakaenzana kusvika kusvika 0.8. Izvo zvinowanikwa pamasisita ehurumende zvinowanzopfupika kune zveMariko nokuti kufarira kumasuo ehurumende kunobhadhara mutero , asi chido chePfuma chinotengesa. Vatengesi, saka vanoda kuti zvibereko zvakakura zvive nehupfumi muHaimari.
Ndezvipi Zvinokanganisa Kugadziriswa Kwenguva?
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinopinda pakugadzirisa kuti muni-Treasury ratio iripi panguva ipi zvayo.
Chokutanga ndiyo nheyo yepamusoro, iyo inowanikwa yemitero yevateresi vemasimende. Heino chikonzero: iti muni-Treasury ratio nde .75. Panguva iyoyo, mutengesi mune 25% bracket anogamuchira zvakafanana mushure mekubhadhara mutero pamasuo uye Pfuma. Somuenzaniso, munis inobereka 3% uye Pfuma inobereka 4%.
Mutevedzeri wemutero mushure mekutengesa ari 3% (4% x .75), saka chibereko pazvisungo zviviri zvakaenzana. Nokufamba kwenguva, iyo misika mbiri inofanira kuenzana nehutano hwakatarwa nehuwandu hwemutero wekutengesa kwehutengi wevatengesi sezvo vanhu vanoita kutenga nokutengesa zvisarudzo zvichienderana nevakashure mushure mitsva.
Nhamo, haisi iyo yakachena muhupenyu chaihwo.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinopinda mukugadzirisa chaiyo chiyero, kusanganisira:
- Ichokwadi chokuti munis hachina mvura (kureva,, zvishoma nyore nyore kutengeswa) kupfuura Pfuma, iyo inokanganisa mari.
- Misika mbiri idzi dzakasiyana-siyana-uye-zvinoda simba. Muna 2012, somuenzaniso, masisita emasisita akatsigirwa nekubatanidzwa kwepamusoro-kudarika-kunowanzodiwa uye pasi-yezvakagadzirwa zvitsva, izvo zvakabatsira kuwedzera mitengo yavo maererano nePfuma.
- Nheyo yezvemari mumisika mbiri yakasiyana chaizvo. Misika yemari yevashandi inofanirwa kuva nekumiririra kwepamusoro kwevatengesi venguva pfupi, asi mutengesi muni unotungamirirwa nevatengesi venguva refu. Somugumisiro, masangano emunharaunda anogara achifamba zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura Pfuma, izvo zvinozochinja huwandu.
- Iko muni-Treasury ratio inopindirana nekutarisira kwemazuva emitero emitero, uye kwete chaizvoizvo iyo mitero yakarurama ikozvino.
The Muni-Treasury Ratio Nhasi
Kubvira mugore ra2008 kusvika ku200 matambudziko emari, muni-Treasury chikwata chave chiri pamusoro pezvakaitika kare. Chikonzero chikuru cheiyi mapurisa ane hutsinye eUnited States Federal Reserve yakagadzirirwa kupora, kunosanganisira ultra-low interest rates uye kutengesa kwehuwandu. "Pamwe, aya mazano akaunza muzvibereko zveHaigari zviri pasi pematanho avangave kunze kwekuti Fed yaita simba pamusika.
Nekudaro, zviyo zvakaderera zvakakonzera kuti muni-Treasury iwedzere kumusoro pamusoro pemaitiro akaenzana uye inosvika zvakakwirira se 100% kusvika ku 120% yakakura - imwe nhamba isinganzwisisiki pamberi penhamo uye zviitiko zveFed zvakatevera.
Kuzviisa Zvose Pamwe
Iko muni-Treasury ratio ndiyo imwechete iyo vashandi vanogona kushandisa kushandisa kukosha kukosha kwezvisungo zvemasuo. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera kuenzanisira iyo inofanirwa kuonekwa nguva dzose pamwe chete nehuwandu hwekutsvaga mari. Zvakare, zvakakosha kuchengetedza mupfungwa kuti maguta anogona kugadzira kudzoka kusina kunaka apo chiyero ichikwirira kubva pakuputsika kweMari yeHaimari inogona kuendeswa nekudengenyeka kwakafanana mumaspala. (Ramba uchifunga, matengo uye zvibereko zvinotarisana nenzira dzakasiyana ). Sezvinogara nguva dzose, zviri nani kusarudza zvikwereti zvako zvichienderana nezvinangwa zvako uye zvinangwa, panzvimbo pokusimbisa zvisarudzo pamamiriro emisika.