Kutsanangura iyo Federal Reserve Policy Inotambisa Bond Inobereka
US Federal Reserve Policy Inotora Pasi Pari
Chikonzero chevatengesi vepasi vemazuva ano vari kutarisana nematongerwo emitemo ye US Federal Reserve ("Fed"). Mukupera kwematambudziko emari muna 2008, Fed yakamanikidzwa kutema federal mari yepamutengo kusvika kune-low-range ye 0-0.25%. Iyo inodyidzwa mari inotengeswa ndiyo iyo iyo mabhanhire anotengesa kune dzimwe masangano usiku humwe.
Izvo zvakagadziriswa zvikwereti pazvenye-yepasi-pasi yepamusoro kuitira kuti kukurudzire kukura uye kubatsira kubatsira urongwa hwebhanga rwenyika. Nheyo yehurongwa uhwu ndeyokuti kukura kwezvikwereti kunobatsira kukurudzira basa rezvemari kuburikidza kuita kuti zvive zvisingabhadharwi kubhadhara mari yemishonga, kutenga kumusha, zvikwereti zvemotokari, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kuderedza mari yezvikwereti, zvakare, inofanira kubatsira kukurudzira rudzi urwu rwezvemari uye kuunza nyika kunze kwekugadzirisa kunetseka kwemashure. Nhepfenyuro yeFed yakaderera zvakare inobatsira mabhangi kuita mari yakawanda nekuvabvumira kuwana mari yakakwirira pakati pechiyero chavanokwereta uye chiyero chavanokweretesa.
Ichi chakanga chisina kunyatsofungisisa kuchibuda mumatambudziko emari apo mabanki akawanda akanga ava pedyo nekukundikana.
Asi Ko Inotungamira Inoshanda Zvechokwadi here?
Zvizhinji zvekumhan'arira pamusoro pehurongwa uhwu, unonzi "kuwanda kwekunaka," ndezvematongerwo enyika. Pakati pevatsigiri vanoremekedzwa vemutemo iyi ndeyeNobel-prize-kukunda vezvematongerwo enyika.
Zvisinei, vamwe vachiri kusava nechokwadi nekubudirira kwemutemo. Zvidzidzo zviviri zvenguva pfupi yapfuura-imwe yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwematongerwo enyika huzhinji, imwe yehutera hwayo hunoita kuti kukurumidza kusimba kweUnited States kuwedzere mumakore anotevera kusununguka kwe2007 - zvose zviripo zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti sarudzo inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa pamari . Mune mamwe mazwi, mutemo wakagadzirirwa kukurudzira kubhadhara kunogonawo kuvhiringidza. Izvi hazvirevi kuti mutemo hauna kururama; zvinongoreva kuti kubudirira kwayo kunoramba kuri mubvunzo.
Sei Kutsika Kwematongerwo Enyika Kunobatsira Vanhu Vose Varimi?
Muyero apo mabhanki anokweretesa zviyero kune umwe umwe ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yezvimwe zvose zvinodiwa. Inobata mabhajhini emari kubhadharwa pakuongorora uye kuchengetwa kwekodhi uye zvikwangwani zvekuisa (CDs), uye zvinokanganisawo mubairo wepamusoro, izvo zvinozoita kuti vatengi vabhadhara zvikwereti zvemusha, zvikwereti zvemotokari, uye makadhi emakadhi. Nenzira iyi, mazana akaderera anoranga vanopisa asi anobatsira avo vanoda kukwereta.
Nhengo dzenguva pfupi dzinosanganawo zvakananga nekuda kwechimiro chezvibereko zvezvibereko , iyo girafu inomiririra zvibereko zvinowanikwa pakunamata (mwedzi mitatu, mwedzi mitanhatu, gore rimwe, nezvimwewo). Funga nezveHedheni mari yekutengesa sezvimbo yekutanga pane grafu, muzasi kwezasi.
Nechiyero ichi chakakonzerwa pa zero, mamwe maawa mashomanana anotsvaga akabatanidzwa pasi pasi "pasi". Ichi ndicho chikonzero kusunga mari uye mari yemari yeHaimari inopa zvibereko zvisingasviki 1%. Nenguva pfupi Pfuma yemari inogadzira chikonzero chezvikwereti zvemari zvenguva pfupi pamatengo emari , ndicho chikonzero mari yemusika mari iri kubhadhara pasina chaipo.
Iko inodyidzwa mari inodhura ine zvishoma zvingaita kuti pave nenguva yakareba yezvisungo . Nokuda kwezvisungo zvine maturities emakore mashanu uye apfuura, kutarisira kwezvishoma kwezvakakwana - uye zvinotarisirwa kuti kupi mari inodyidzwa mari ichaenda mune ramangwana - ndiyo inotyisa yekushanda. Uyewo, nguva yakareba-zvisungo zvinogona kubatsirika apo vashandi vanotya uye vachigadzirira " kuenda kuhutano ." Kunyange zvakadaro, mari yakaderedzwa mari yakawanda - pamwe chete nemitemo yeFed inozivikanwa sekunaka kwepamusoro uye "Operation Twist" - yakabatsira kuderedza zvibereko zvezvisungo yezvose zvakakura .
Ndeipi Ichasvika Paizokwira Mari?
Kunyange zvazvo dambudziko rezvemari reUnited States iye zvino munguva yakapfuura, Fed iri kuchengetedza mutemo wayo wakaderera kuti ubatsire kutarisana nenzvimbo yakaramba iine hutsinye hwekuwedzera kwehupfumi uye kusasarudzwa kwemabasa. IFid yakataura chinangwa chayo chekuchengeta mahara paZero kusvika pakati pegore ra 2016. Somugumisiro, vatengesi vacharamba vachienderera mberi nehutano hwePed's low-rate policy kune imwe nguva isingatariswi yenguva inouya.
Nenzira yakanaka, pane zvimwe zvingasarudzwa kuti uwane zvibereko zvakakwirira. Kunyange zvazvo riskier - uye mune imwe nguva, riskier yakawanda - kudarika mabhengi ehurumende kana nguva shomanana yehurumende yehurumende, mamwe mazvikwereti emari vatengesi vanogona kufunga nezvekuwedzera mari inosanganisira:
- Corporate Bonds
- Kukurukurira Zvakakwirira Zvikwereti
- Emerging Market Bonds
- Convertible Bonds
- Chikamu-Kubhadhara Zvikwereti
- Utilities
- Real Estate Investment Trust
- Master Limited Ushamwari
Chimwe nechimwe cheizvi, hongu, chinopa dambudziko rakawanda. Pasinei nokuti pane hukama hwakanaka hunoshandiswa iwe, hunofanirwa nehutano hwako hwekutsvaga mari, makore ekurega basa, uye kushivirira kwehutano.