Iyo itsva Operation Twist yakaiswa muzvikamu zviviri. Yokutanga yakatanga kubva munaSeptember 2011 kusvika munaJune 2012 uye yaisanganisira kubhadhara madhora mazana mana emadhora emadhora eFifa. Yechipiri yakamhanya kubva munaJuly 2012 kusvika munaDecember 2012 uye yakazara mari inosvika $ 267 bhiriyoni. IFed yakashuma chikamu chechipiri cheSerp Operation Twist idzva mukupindura kwekuwedzera kukura kwekukura muhupfumi hweUnited States.
Muna December 2012, Fed yakareva kuti ichagumisa purogiramu yacho nekuiisa iyo ine simba rakasimba remutemo waro uripo we " kutengesa kwepamusoro " - iyo inoedza kuderedza mitengo yakareba kwenguva refu nekuita kutengeswa kwemisika kusingatengi kwenguva refu yeUnited States Treasury uye chikwereti chekuchengetedza mari .
Nei Tichifunga?
Pfungwa iyi ndeyokuti nokutenga nguva yakareba yezvisungo, Fed inogona kubatsira kutengesa matengo kumusoro nekubereka pasi (sezvo mitengo nemichero zvinotarisana nenzira dzakasiyana ). Panguva imwecheteyo, kutengesa nguva shoma-kutengesa kunofanira kuita kuti zvibereko zvavo zvikwire (sezvo matengo avo aizowira).
Purogiramu yacho inowana zita rayo kubva pakuti, pamwe chete, zviito zviviri izvi "zvinokanganisa" chimiro chezvibereko zvezvibereko .
Nei Chechi Chichida Inoda Nhamba Yemazuva Ekuderera Kwenguva Yfupi?
Pasi pfupi nguva yakawanda inobereka zvipfeko pfuma kuburikidza nekuita zvikwereti zvisingabhadhari kune avo vanotarisira kutenga dzimba, kutenga motokari, uye mishonga yemari.
Ndezvipi Zviitiko Zvakatangwa Basa Rokushanda?
Operation Twist yakanga iri yechitatu mumakwikwi makuru emagadziro ehurumende neFed mukupindura kwematambudziko emari muna 2008. Yokutanga yakanga iri kugadzirisa maawa mashomanana kusvika kuhutano hwakanaka hwezero. Izvozvo zvakashandura bhandi guru risingakwanisi kushandisa mamwe maitiro ekuderedza kukurudzira kukura, saka chiito charo chinotevera chakanga chichireruka. Izvo zvakatengeswa zvakarongedza mairi maviri ehuwandu hwekuwedzera, izvo vatengesi-vataridzi vainzi "QE" uye "QE2." Nguva pfupi mushure mokunge QE2 yapera muzhizha ra2011, hupfumi hwakatanga kuratidza zviratidzo zvekuvandudzwa patsva. Panzvimbo pokukurumidza kusarudza QE3, Fed yakapindura nekuzivisa Operation Twist. Izvozvo zvakapera gare gare zvakatanga QE3 uye zvakashuma kuti zvichange zvichishanda kusvikira kusashanda kwakasvika ku6,5% kana kuti kutengesa kwezvinhu kwakasimuka kusvika ku2,5%. Kunyange zvazvo kutengesa kwezvikwata kwakaramba kuri pasi, chinangwa chekushaiwa basa chakange chasangana, Fed yakagumisa hurongwa hwehuwandu hwekugadzirisa muOctober 2014.
Chii chakanga chiri Kuchinja kweExpensive Twist?
Pamberi pakaziviswa purogiramu yacho, zvibereko zvekugara kwenguva refu zvisungo zvakawira pasi pamutarisiro wekuti mutemo waizoiswa panzvimbo. Nenzira iyo, yakazadzisa chinangwa chacho munguva pfupi. Nguva yakareba, zvisinei, jeri rinenge risiri kunze: kuongorora kweshanduro ya191 yeOp Operating Twist yakaratidza kuti yakaderedza mitengo yeHurumende yezvisungo ne1,55 peresenti chete, ine zvishoma zvingabatanidzwa pamari yekubhadhara mari kana mari yekukwereta yekambani.
Munharaunda yezvemari, Operation Twist yaiwanzoonekwa sekusava nesimba kuderedza hupfumi kana kuburitsa uwandu hwemabasa. Nhau yeBloomberg yakashuma migumisiro yemusarudzo we 42 economists, iyo 61% yakati purogiramu yacho yaisazova nemigumisiro uye 15% yaifunga kuti yaizoita kuti zvirege kudzivirirwa mune zvehupfumi. Zvechokwadi, hupfumi kuburikidza nezhizha ra2016 rakaramba rakasviba uye kushaya kwehuwandu hwepamusoro pasinei nedzimwe sangano reFed mumakore matatu pakati pehupamhi hwedambudziko uye kutanga kweExployment Twist. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chido chekubhadhara chikwereti chakaramba chiri pasi kunyange pa-ultra-low rates yakasimudzirwa neFed. Nzvimbo imwe yehupfumi yakagadziriswa zvine simba panguva iyo yaiva yemusika wekutengeswa.