Dambudziko rekubhadhara mari - Chii ichocho, uye Chinogadzirisa sei MBS?
Chinhu chakasiyana zvikuru chekuchengetwa kwemari kunotora chikwereti ndeye chekutanga chekubhadhara mari . Iyi ndiyo ngozi yokuti vatengesi vanosarudza kubhadhara mutungamiri pamitambo yavo yekutengesa mberi kwepurogiramu. Mhedzisiro, kune vashandi muBMS, ndiyo kudzoka kwokutanga kwevakuru. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kukosha kukuru kwekuchengeteka kwepakati kunoderera nekufamba kwenguva, iyo inotungamirira kukuderedza zvishoma nezvishoma mumari inowanikwa. Kungozvipira mubhadharo kunowanzokwirira apo huwandu hwekudarika huri kuwira , sezvo izvi zvinotungamirira varidzi vepamba kuti vagadzirire mari yavo. Muchiitiko ichi, muridzi weBMS anomanikidzirwa kudzorera mukuru akadzorerwa pamadhura maduku - chinetso chinonzi " reinvestment ngozi ."
Sezvo kubhadharwa kubhadharwa kunokonzera kuderedzwa kwomukuru wechikwereti chekuchengetedza mari kune nguva, kazhinji hazvisi zvakawanda zvakasara zveMBS kana zvasvika pakukura . Somugumisiro, humwe husungo hunoenzaniswa kwete nehutano hwakataurwa, asi ne "muhupenyu huwandu" - kana nguva inofungidzirwa kusvika hafu yechinyorwa mu MBS inobhadharwa zvakare.
Ivhareji upenyu inowedzera nokukurumidza kana mitero iri kuwira (sezvo vagari vepamba vanogadzirisa zvimwe kana mitengo ichidzika), uye inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma apo mitengo ichikwira (sezvo pasina munhu aizodzokera mune chikwereti nezinga rakakwirira). Izvi zvinotungamirira kusingazivikanwi mari inoyerera kubva kumunhu mumwechete weMMS.
Somugumisiro wezvakaitika izvi, kuchengetwa kwemari yekuchengetwa kwemari kunowedzera kuunza zvishoma zvishoma apo bhizimisi dzekutengeserana dziri kuwedzera, asi dzinowanzove dzakawanda kana mabhizinesi ari kutsika.
(Pane izwi rinoreva izvi: "kusagadzikana kwehutano.") Iyi tsika ndeimwe chikonzero nei MBS kuripa zvibereko zvakakwirira kudarika US Treasury . Muchidimbu, vatengesi vanoda kubhadharwa kuti vatore pane izvi zvisinganzwisisiki. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kuchengetwa kwekodzero dzekuchengetedza mari kunowanzoita kuti vashandise zvakanakisisa kana huwandu huripo huri hwakasimba.
Sangano rinopesana neZvasiri Vashandi veMDC
Dzimba dzomudzimba dzinogona kugadzirwa nemasangano ega ega kana (kakawanda) nevanhurumende vatatu vese-hurumende inopa MBS: Government National Mortgage Association (inozivikanwa seGNMA kana Ginnie Mae), Federal National Mortgage (FNMA kana Fannie Mae), uye Federal Musha Wechikwereti Mortgage Corp. (Freddie Mac).
Tsanangudzo yakanakisisa yezvakasiyana pakati pevatatu inouya kubva pawebsite ye Securities and Exchange Commission:
"Ginnie Mae, akatsigirwa nekutenda kwakakwana uye chikwereti chehurumende yeUnited States, inopikira kuti vatengesi vanowana mari yakakodzera panguva. Fannie Mae naFreddie Mac vanopawo zvivimbiso uye, asi vasingatsigwi nekutenda kwakakwana uye chikwereti chehurumende yeUnited States, vane kodzero yakakwereta yokukwereta kubva kuUnited States. Mamwe masangano ehurumende, akadai semakambani ekubhadhara mari, mabhangi, uye vadzidzisi veimba, vanochengetedzawo mari yekuchengetedza mari, inozivikanwa se "private-label" chekuchengetedza mari. "
Chinokosha chinotora kubva kumashoko aya: MBS yakatsigirwa neGNMA haisi pangozi yekusavapo, asi pane zvishoma zvingangova pangozi yehutano hwakasunungurwa naFannie Mae naFreddie Mac. Kunyange zvakadaro, Freddie neFannie zvisungo zvine simba rakasimba rekutsigira pane zvarinoratidzika pamusoro, sezvo zvose zvakatorwa nehurumende yehurumende mukupera kwematambudziko emari muna 2008.
MBS 'Historical Returns
Chikwereti-chinotsigirwa chekuchengetedza chakapa ruremekedzo rwekugara kwenguva refu. Kubva musi waJune 30, 2013, Bharclays GNMA Index yakabudisa mutengo wegore gumi wegore rose wekudzoka kwe 4.78%, maererano ne 4.52% kudzoka kwepakati pekutsvaga kwekutsvaga mabhizimusi emakiti emakethe, sekuenzaniswa neBarclays US Aggregate Bond Index. Kunyange zvazvo kudzoka kwakafanana, zvinokoshawo kuti tirambe tichifunga kuti mari zhinji inoshandisa mari yekuchengetedza mari-inotsigirwa zvigadziriswa ine zvishoma zvishoma zvakakwana kupfuura iyo yakawanda yakawanda-based fund.
Nzira Yokushandisa Sei?
Vatengesi vanogona kutenga mumwe munhu mari yekutengesa-inotsigirwa zvigadziriswa kuburikidza nemukwereti, asi sarudzo iyi inogumira kune avo vane nguva uye sophistication kuti vaite ivo pachavo tsvakurudzo yepamusoro pamusoro pevheji yezera, nzvimbo, uye zvikwereti zvechikwereti chezvikwereti zvekunamata. Vazhinji vatengesi vanova ne-broad-bond bond mutual fund kana mari yekutengeserana-inoshandiswa kune dzimwe nyika vane zvimwe zvinowanikwa kune iyi, sezvo iri chikamu chakadaro chemusika uye naizvozvo iyo inomiririrwa zvikuru mumari yakasiyana-siyana. Vashandi vanogonawo kusarudza mari iyo yakatsaurirwa chete kune MBS. IEFs inoshandisa mari iyi mune:
- Bharclays Agency Bond Fund (ticker: AGZ)
- iShares Barclays MBS Fixed-Rate Bond Fund (MBB)
- Chengetedza-Yakachengetedzwa Zvakachengetedzwa ETF (VMBS)
- iShares Barclays GNMA Bond Fund (GNMA)
- SPDR Barclays Capital Mortgage Yakabatanidzwa Bond ETF (MBG)
Dzidza nezvemhando mbiri dzechengetedzo dzakafanana neya MBS:
Ndezvipi zvakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa?
Ndezvipi zvekutengeserana zvekutengeserana-zvakatsigirwa kuchengetedzwa?