Asset-Backed Securities
Hezvino iyo inoshanda sei: kana mutengi achibvisa chikwereti, chikwereti chavo chinova mari yebhadharo yemutengi.
Mukwereti, iyewo, anogona kutengesa zvinhu izvi kune kuvimba kana "motokari inokosha," iyo inovaisa muhutano hwakachengetedzwa hunogona kutengeswa mumusika wevose. Kufarira uye nheyo dzepamusoro dzakagadzirwa nevatengi "dzinopfuurira" kune varairidzi vane zvivimbiso zvakachengetedzwa. Kazhinji, zvigadziro zvemunhu mumwechete zvinounganidzwa mu " Zvigaro " kana mapoka ezvimwe zvikwereti zvine mararamiro akafanana ehutano uye njodzi dzinokuvadza.
Kubatsirwa kwehupi weA ABS ndeyokuti mutapi anobvisa zvinhu izvi kubva mubhadharo rayo, nokudaro achiwana zvose zvitsva chemari itsva pamwe nekuwedzerwa kushandiswa kwekutsvaga bhizimisi idzva. Kubatsira kune mutengi - kazhinji vatengesi vemasangano - ndevokuti vanogona kutora zvibereko zvakasiyana maererano nehutano hwehurumende uye kuwedzera huwandu hwavo hwepodfolio. Kunyange zvazvo ichi chiri chinangwa chinokosha, muchiitiko, zvimwe ABS zvakasviba kuva mari yakawanda kwazvo - ndiyo yakanga iri kushungurudzwa kwe ABS kusunga sub-prime mortgages iyo yakatanga Kubwinya Kwakaitika kwakatanga muna 2007.
Iko mari yeA ABS yakatanga kutanga mumakore ekuma1980, uye yakabva yakura ikava chikamu chakakosha mumakethe yemadhora e US. Iyo US ABS Index yakasikwa muna 1992, panguva iyo boka reassetsi rakawedzerwa kuLehman US Aggregate Bond Index - muenzaniso wekushambadzira -bhizinesi zvisungo zvino yava kunzi Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index.
Kwema gumi gumi apfuura, zvigadziro zvakachengetedzwa-assets zvakagadzira chero kupi zvako kubva pa2,5% kusvika ku7% yehurukuro.
Vapfuma chete vakanyatsogadzirwa, vapfumi vanoita zvekutengesa vanofanira kutenga zvikwereti zvinotsigirwa zvakachengetedzwa zvakananga. Kuongororai chikwereti chakakosha kunoda kutsvakurudza kwakawanda uye kuwana dhekodhi yakakodzera hakusi nguva yakananga. Zvisinei, kana iwe uine chikamu chekubatanidza mari , pamwe chete nehomwe yekodzero , pane mukana wakaisvonaka wekuti chikamu chepodfolio chinoderedza kuwanda mu ABS. Kunewo mari yekutsinhanisa-yekutengesa mari yakatsaurirwa chete kune zvikwereti zvinotsigirwa nemari, pakati pavo Vanguard Mortgage-Backed Securities ETF (VMBS), iyo inobhadhara chikwereti-chinotsigirwa kupfuura-kuburikidza nekuchengetedzwa kwakabudiswa naGinnie Mae (GNMA), Fannie Mae ( FNMA), uye Freddie Mac (FHLMC) ane maturities kubva kumakore matatu kusvika kune gumi. Iyi inenge yakachengeteka ABS fund ine yakaderera 0.10% yekubhadhara mari.
ABS Risks
ABS inobhadhara mari yekutengesa, iyo ndiyo mikana yokuti vatengesi vachaona kuderedzwa kwemari inokonzerwa nevakweretesi vachibhadhara zvikwereti zvavo mangwanani, kunyanya mukuderera kwechikwereti chenharaunda apo vanokwereta vanogona kugadzirisa zvikwereti zviripo kune itsva, pasi pechikwereti.
Nhoroondo yakavhenganiswa yehutori hweA ABS inoratidza kuti kumwe kungwarira kunofanira kushandiswa kunyange kana kutenga AAA kana AA yakarongwa ABS, sezvo munguva yakapfuura kukosheswa kwechikwereti kwakabatanidzwa kune imwe yeizvi naMoody's nevamwe hakuna nguva dzose yakavimbika.
Zvakanyatsogadziriswa kutenga ABS ETFs chete kubva kune vanhu vakakura, vanocherechedzwa zvikuru, vakadai saVanguard, uye kuti vashandise muzvikwereti zvebasa rekutsvaga.
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