Kunzwisisa 10-K uye Kukosha Kwaro Mukutsvaga
Iyo Fomu 10-K inyore yegore negore iyo makambani anotengeserana nepamutemo anotenderwa zviri pamutemo kutumira kune Securities and Exchange Commission. Iyo Fomu 10-K inosanganisira zvose zvese nezvebhizimisi iyo mutyairi angada kuziva asati atenga kana kutengesa zvikamu zvezvikwata mukambani kana kuisa mari mumatare ehurumende . Aya mabhuku anowanikwa kuvanhu pachena uye anogona kuwanika mumuviri muWashington, DC
kana kubudiswa paIndaneti kubva pawebsite dzisina kuwandisa, kazhinji kusanganisira kambani pachayo, iyo inoda kuite kuti ive nyore nyore kune varipo uye vanogona vatengesi.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekufunga pamusoro peFomu 10-K ndeyekufungisisa kuti inyaya iyo hurumende inobata vatungamiri kukugadzirira iwe, muridzi / vangave muridzi, unotsanangura mari yekambani, njodzi, mikana, uye maitiro zvino. Iyo izere ne-nitty-gritty tsanangudzo dzinoita kuti vanhu vakawanda vaone maziso. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana nzira yekuita kuti ive nyore. Kana uchangobva kuverenga mashomanana gumi-K, anozotanga kutarisa uye anowanikwa nyore nyore nokuti anowanzoita muenzaniso wakafanana.
Zvinhu Zvine Mushandi Anogona Kuwana muFomu 10-K Kuzadza
Nokuti hurumende inoda kuti mamwe mashoko ave akabatanidzwa muFomendi 10-K, zvisinei kuti 10-K yekambani iwe unoverenga, unoona kuti ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakafanana. Ngatitarisei pane zvishoma zvekuti iwe unzwe uchinzwa wakasununguka usati waedza uye kutora SEC yako yokutanga kudhinda.
- Fomu 10-K kuisa pasi ichabatanidza tsanangudzo yebasa rekambani, kuti inoita sei mari yayo, nemisika iyo inoshanda ikozvino. Iyi tsanangudzo inokuita kuti unzwisise bhizinesi. Iwe uchashamiswa nezvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunowana. Chimwe chekutsinhanisa kukuru kwema1991 kwaiva yekambani yekubatana mari inonzi Janus yakatanga sechikamu chiduku chechitima muKansas City. Vashandi vanoverenga nharaunda yeTeen 10-K uye vakawana kuti iyi shomanana yekuchengetedza mari yakanga iri kuita zvinoshamisa kuti yakaita mari yakakwana yekurega basa mumakore mashomanana mashoma.
- Fomu 10-K kufungisisa ichapa pachena kuzivikanwa kwekambani iyo inosangana nekambani, kusanganisira ikozvino kumhan'ara. Muhupenyu hwangu hwose, ndave ndakatarisana nemakambani ainge asina kutarisa hutano hwakanaka, asi mushure mekuverenga kuburikidza nehupenyu hwavo hwekudzivirira, vainge vachitarisana nechetter of bankruptcy pamusana pekutarisira mhosva dzakatyisidzira kutora pasi yose yakasimba. Zviitiko zvakakurumbira zvinosanganisira miedzo yeAbesbestos makumi emakore apfuura apo mabhizimisi aingoti aine hutano hwakakwana nevakavakwa akasungirirwa uye akamanikidzwa kuvharwa kana kugadzirisa zvakare, kubvisa bhizinesi nevaridzi varo. Kubudiswa kwengozi hakusi chikamu chaunoda kuti urege kumira. Zvechokwadi, iwe zvechokwadi uchada kuisa nguva pfupi kuti uverenge kuburikidza navo uye uzvinzwisise zvakadzika. Nhasi mabhuku emitemo akanyorwa nenzira iyo kana kutungamirirwa kusingagoni kunyatsofanotaura kukanganisa kunogona kuitika kune imwe njodzi, zvingasafanira kuisa pangozi chero ripi zvaro kuitira kuti kusvibiswa hakuratidzikwe mune zvinyorwa zvemari.
- Fomu 10-K kushambadzira ichabatanidza zvinyorwa zvemari, zvakadai semashoko ekuwana uye bhadha rekushandisa , inokuratidza kuti mari yakaitwa nekambani, chikwereti chayo, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. Nyaya dzezvemari ndiyo chikamu chakakosha cheFomu 10-K kudhinda nokuti, pamwechete, vanokubvumira kuti uone zviri kuitika nemari yekambani. Nzira yekuverenga idzi zvinyorwa zvemari haisi yakaoma sezvazvinonzwika, asi kune dzakawanda dzemapopu iwe waunofanira kutarisa apo uchiverenga 10-K. Kukurukurirana kune apa iri kure nekukura kwechikamu chino, asi kana ukaverenga Kuisa Chidzidzo 3 - Ungaverenga sei Balance Sheet uye Kuisa Chidzidzo Chidzidzo 4 - Nhepfenyuro Nyaya yekuongorora , uchawana zvakadzama zvinyorwa nekuongororwa kuti zvikubatsire kunzwisisa yezvinyorwa izvi zvinokosha zvemari.
- Fomu 10-K kuisa mabhuku kunonyora zvikwata zvinoshandiswa zvekushandira zvisingatori sechikwereti pane bhadharo asi zvibasa chairo zvisinei . Kune mhando dzakawanda dzechikwereti chinogona kuita kuti kambani iende isina kukanganisa iyo isingaratidziki pamabhadharo nokuda kwemitemo yekugadzirisa asi mutemo unoda kuti zvikwereti zvinziviswa muFomendi 10-K kudhinda. Kuti ikubatsire kunzwisisa chirevo ichi zviri nani, fungidzira kuti iwe wakanga uine chikafu chiduku chekugadzira mabhizimisi kumunharaunda yemunharaunda uye usina chikwereti. Iwe wakasaina chibharo kumuridzi wemari unoda kubhadhara mari ye $ 10,000. Maererano nemitemo yeGAAP (iyo ndiyo mirayiridzo inotarisa kuti mari inofanira kubudiswa sei), unogona kuguma uchiratidza chikwereti chiduku kana kwete chikwereti chako, asi kana mari inoderera uye iwe ukarega kutumira kune mwene weimba, muridzi wemari anogona kukukandira kunze kwebasa rako rekuchengetedza uye kumanikidza kambani yako kupinda mubhadhadzi nekuda kwekubhadharwa kwekubhadhara mari. Izvi zvinotarisirwa pane imwe nzvimbo muFomu 10-K, kazhinji pasi pechikamu chinonzi "kushandiswa kwemari", "kusungirirwa kwemari", kana "kushandiswa kwemari kushandiswa kwakakodzera." Chitsvage. Verenga iyo. Ziva izvi.
- Fomu 10-K kufungidzira kunosanganisira kutarisa pasi pehood muyokambani yekuongorora mabhuku uye maitiro . Fungidzira iwe uri kufunga kuchitenga mutengo mumushini wekugeza. Nenguva isipi, kambani inoita nhepfenyuro yemusoro yenyika nokuti zviuru zvemamiriyoni zviri kuputsa kunze kwekugadzirisa. Iyo kambani iri pachikwangwani chekuvatora kubva kumakambani? Mune fomu 10-K kufungidzira, kambani inofanira kuzivisa mazano ewaranti yayo uye inofungidzirwa kubhadhara mari yezvigadzirwa zvinotengesa kana kugadzira.
- Fomu 10-K kuisa mabhuku kunosanganisira tsamba dzakasimbiswa kubva kune CEO uye CFO kupika pasi mhiko kuti mabhuku acho akarurama kune ruzivo rwavo . Tsamba idzi dzakagadziriswa mushure mekunyengedzera kwekuverenga kwekutevera mushure mekugadzirisa ruvara-dot kana Worldcom neEnron vachitonga zvinyorwa. Iyo inzira yehurumende yekudzingisa vatongi vanoziva kuti vanonyangadza maFomu 10-K kana zvimwe zvido zvinoda kuitwa.
- Fomu 10-K kufungisisa inosanganisira tsamba kubva kumabhuku akazvimiririra wekambani. Tsamba iyi inofanira kufanirwa kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwavo hwezvenhoroondo yemari, uyewo chero upi zvake huripo hunoonekwa. Kana mutori wenhau achifunga kuti kambani inogona kutarisana nekupera kwekufa, unogona kuona munyori wemabhuku ari mubvunzo mubvunzo wekambani yekambani yeku "ramba sechinhu chinokurudzira" kana kuti zvimwe zvayo. Kana iwe ukazombosangana nemashoko iwayo, kana mutsara wakafanana, bhero mabhero anofanira kunge ari kuchema.
Iwe Uchacherechedza Zvimwe Maitiro MuFomu 10-K Kufuridzirwa Nekambani neChechi
Sezvaunokura iwe pachako unyanzvi hwepamusoro pedzimwe hupfumi nemakambani , iwe uchacherechedza zvinhu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana mumatemu 10-K emafisi uri kuongorora.
Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uri kuisa mari mumabhangi emabhangi , uchaona kuti zvakajairika kuwana peji pashure peji yezvenje muFomu 10-K kusungiridza mubhuku rezvemari rekwereti rinoratidza kudengenyeka kwenyika yemari yaakapa vatengesi, rudzi rwekugara (mortgage mortgage, bhizinesi duku, real estate development, motokari, chikwereti chemudzidzi , njodzi). pamwe chete nezvikwereti, uye inochengetedza iri kuisa kure nemari kuti uwane mhirizhonga kune zvinetso zvemangwana nezvikwereti.
Kushandisa 10-K Mafomu Mumari Yako Kuongorora
Nenguva yakajeka, nhovo dzema bullet inoratidzwa pamusoro apa inhengo dzinokosha dze 10-K. Kudzidza kuverenga chimwe chinhu chakafanana nekushambira. Pane imwe nguva, iwe unofanirwa kupindira mune dziva uye kunyura. Iwe haufaniri kutanga kutanga kuita maOlympic-diving quality pakarepo kana kushambira nekukurumidza kupfuura Michael Phelps, saka usanzwa kusamanikidzwa kupinda mune zvikamu zvinosangana nezvinhu zvakadai sekufambisa mari yeupfumi pakarepo. Pane kudaro, tongopinda pamapeji uye uverenge zvaunonzwisisa. Ramba uchiita izvi, uchivaka pazivo yako zvidhinha nezvidhinha. Kudzidza kuisa mari ndiyo nzira uye munhu wese anotanga pane imwe nzvimbo. Paiva nechinangwa munguva apo kunyange ndakanga ndisingazivi zvachose kuti nhamba idzi dzairevei. Iwe unogona kudzidza izvi, uye iwe uchadzidza izvi kana iwe uchida kuisa mubasa.
Additional Information
Fomu 10-Q kufungisisa ishanduku shoma yeFomu 10-K kuisa pasi. Iyo Fomu 10-Q kufungidzirwa inoshandiswa pamagumo evharo yega yebhizimisi ne SEC. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda, chengetedza mari yangu yemitemo yevatungamiri vatsva.