Ichokwadi ndechokuti kubhakwa kwekuziva hakusi kungoba mari yemumwe munhu kana zvinhu - ndezvekubira zita ravo uye mukurumbira. Kuziva kwehupombwe ndiko kuparwa kunokurumidza-kukura muUnited States, kutengesa vanhu veAmerica kudarika $ 50 mabhiriyoni mukupomerwa kwenhema nekukanganisa vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 8 pagore.
Ndezvipi Zvichizivikanwa Nekuvhara uye Zvinoitika Sei?
Kuziva kwekuita ndeyechiito cheumwe munhu anotora ruzivo rwunozivikanwa nemumwe munhu - nhamba yekuchengeteka kwevanhu, chireisheni chekutyaira, chibharo chekuberekwa, nezvimwe. Mbavha anoshandisa ruzivo urwu kuti aise zvikwereti zvekwereti, zvikwereti, kushanda kwebasa, kana kuita zvimwe zvekunyengera inobata muzita remunhu wacho, kana kuti kushandisa sangano raakagadzirirwa iye zvino kuti atenge zvigadzirwa kana mabasa.
Migumisiro yehupombwe hunonyanya kuoma. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, munhu anenge atorwa akasiiwa nehomwe yakawanda uye anogona kukanganwa basa, zvikwereti zveimba kana motokari, uye vane chikwereti chekwereti chakakanganiswa zvisina kufanira.
Iyi haisi nzira yakanaka yekutanga izvo zvinofanira kuva kutanga kwehupenyu hutsva mushure mokugamuchira dzidzo yekoroji.
Nei College veVadzidzi Vanyanya Kukuvadza
Kuti mbavha ipe rubatsiro rweumwe munhu, vanofanira kutanga vatora ruzivo rwakakodzera runovabvumira "kuva" mumwe munhu, kunyanya mumaziso ekukweretesa masangano nezvimwe makambani emari.
Zviri nyore sei basa iri rinoenderana nekushanda kwevanhu kune kuchengetedza ruzivo rwavo.
Vanopfuura hafu yevadzidzi vekukoloni vanogamuchira mamiriyoni evanhu vasati vabvumirwa kutenga zvikwereti pamwedzi. Ivo ma-ma-mail mafomu, kazhinji kazhinji akazadzirwa nemashoko omubatsiri akaita sezita, kero, nedzimwe ruzivo rwemunhu mukana wakanaka wekuba munhu. Kana uyo anogamuchira asina kufarira mupiro uye achingosiya chimiro chacho, iyo ndeye yemagwaro anonyanya kushandiswa achishandisa mavhavha. Nokunyanya kupiwa kwacho kubva mumarara, mbavha inokwanisa kuzadza zvimwe zvese zvinyorwa uye kuitumira mukati kana kungoshevedza nhamba yefero yefero isina kubhadharwa inowanikwa pane fomu, zvichivaita kuti vaswedere pedyo nekusvika kune chimwe chinhu chekuzivikanwa kweavo .
Imwe nzira iyo utsva hwekuzivikanwa hunoitika apo mbavha dzinoisa mavoko pamusoro pehutano hwebhangi rega rega, zvakadai sekutarisa kana kutora chirevo chekambani. Chero ani zvake asingaenzanisisi nhoroondo yavo ari pangozi yekutengesa mhosva dzekubiridzira, nekuda kwekuti havana kuchengetedza kuti zvikwereti zvinokodzera. Kazhinji, mbavha inobata nekubvisa mari muzvikwata zvishoma - hazvina kukwana kumira sechikanganiso chekuona kune munhu asingaoneki asi zvakakwanira kuti zvivakwe kusvika pane imwe nguva kupfuura nguva.
Imwe njodzi yevadzidzi vekukolishi ndeyoNhare yeHurumende yeNyika. Migwagwa yakawanda yeyunivhesiti inoda mudzidzi kushandisa Its Social Security Number kuti apinde mawebsite akashandiswa kutumira basa rekuchikoro uye zvimwe zvekukurukurirana. Yunivhesiti inogona kushandisawo nhamba iyoyo senhamba yekucherechedza muhofisi yehurumende.
Zviri nyore kukanganwa kushandisa chiyeuchidzo paunoshandisa Social Security Number, kunyanya kana inoshandiswa kakawanda. Lax kombiyuta yekuchengeteka kana kunyange chimwe chinhu chakajeka sechiremu kutarisa mudzidzi achipinda nhamba anobvumira mbavha inogona kukurumidza kuwana nyore nyore kupinda muNhare yeNyika Yakachengeteka, iyo inokosha yekuwana mamwe mashoko pamusoro pomumwe munhu.
Vadzidzi vazhinji vanoshandisa laptop pazuva nezuva mukirasi kuti vatore manotsi uye vagadzire zvinyorwa zvedzidzo. Asi zvakadini kana kombiyuta iyoyo yakabiwa?
Ko mbavha yaizoiwana mukati? Vadzidzi vakawanda munyika yanhasi vanoshandisa makombiyuta avo kuti vashandise mabhizimusi ekuIndaneti , kubhadhara zvikwereti , kuronga zvinhu zvekutengeserana, uye kukurukurirana pamusoro pezvinhu zvose zvehupenyu hwavo, zvakare. Kana ruzivo rwemunhu wega uye yekambani rwakachengetwa pane dhirairi rakaoma, mbavha ine kuwana nguva pfupi kune ruzivo rwakanyanya runoita kuti zvive nyore kuti vaite kuti mudzidzi azvizivikanwe.
Zvechokwadi, vadzidzi havafaniriwo kukanganwa imwe yenzira dzakajairika dzekubata humwe munhu-kuba chikwama, chikwama, kana musaga. Izvi zvinogona kuitika mune mudzimba dorm mudzidzi, kunyanya kana mapato kana vashanyi vasina kujairika vakajairika, uye kazhinji vari muhope dorms. Vadzidzi vanofanira kushandisa kuchengeteka kwakadaro kumba semamiriro ezvinhu asingazivikanwi.
Nzira Yokuramba Yakachengeteka Kubva Kuzivikanwa Kwokuba
Nzira yakanakisisa yokubata nayo tarisiro yekuzvidzivirira ndeyekudzivisa kuburikidza nekushandisa maitiro akachengeteka muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Heano mamwe mazano uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekudzivirira kubhakwa kwekuzivikanwa:
- Yakagadzira zvinyorwa zvose zvinokosha, zvakadai semabhuku ekubhangi, kadhi rechikwereti, uye mapepa emapepa ane nhamba yekambani kana nhamba yekuchengeteka kwevanhu. Yeuka mishonga yemishonga yemishonga, zvakare, sezvavanowanzova nhamba yekambani uye mamwe mashoko evanhu ega ega akadhindwa pane zvakanyorwa.
- Usarega mail ikakwira uye ikarongedza apo munhu wese anogona kuwana ruzivo rwayo. Iva nechokwadi chokuti chero chinhu chipi zvacho chinopinda mumubhadha wechechi hachina humwe ruzivo runoshandiswa - kurasa kana kubvarura zvinyorwa zvidimbu zviduku kana zvichidikanwa.
- Nguva dzose uende kunze kune nzvimbo dzakachengeteka, dzakadai sebhangi rekuInternet, usati wabuda purogiramu. Uyewo, chengetedza web browser yako haina kuchengetedza mazwi ekutumira newediwedi akabatanidzwa nematanda akaoma.
- Usambofa uchengetedze ruzivo rwemunhu kana zita rekushandisa pamwe nephasiwedi pane dhiyoiyo pakombiyuta yako. Kana iwe uchifanira kunyora pasi pane imwe nzvimbo, iva nechokwadi chokuti dhesi yacho inochengetwa munzvimbo yakachengeteka, yakadai sekivha bhokisi. Asi zvakanakisisa kuti uzvibate pamusoro kwete runyorwa rwakanyorwa rungakanganisa.
- Shandisa ma- password achichengetedzeka asina kunyorwa nhamba dzinooneka sezuva rokuberekwa, nhamba dzerunhare, zviitiko zvegore, kana aderesi. Kushandisa tambo yakareba yenhamba uye netsamba mumusanganiswa usina kumira zvakanaka zvakanakisisa kudzivisa kuvhara.
- Iva nechokwadi chokuti mawebsite aunoshandisa pakutengesa zvigadzirwa kana kuti masangano akachengeteka. Kazhinji, URL inotungamirirwa ne https: // uye inotakura chikwangwani chinoratidza Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) chechiiti.
- Ngwarira maimeri ayo ari "phishing" yehuwandu, kana kuedza kukuita kuti upindure kune izvo zvinoita sewebsite yakarurama asi zvinokudzosera kune nzvimbo yembavha uko iwe pachako ruzivo rwako pachako ruchanyorwa. Dzidza kuti ungaona sei ma phishing emails.
- Iva nehanya zvikuru mukupa huwandu hwehutano hwemagariro evanhu. Pane maitiro mashomanana apo iyo ndiyo nhamba chete yaunogona kushandisa kuti usvike kana kuzarura account (kunyange payunivhesiti). Shandisa reisheni yekufambisa kuratidza huzivi uye usatakura rako rekuchengeteka kadhi newe; panzvimbo, ramba uri munzvimbo yakachengeteka. Izvo zvinoshandawo kumudzidzi weAdhi yekadhi, kunyanya kana ine yehuwandu hwekuchengeteka kwako nhamba.
Zvaunofanira Kuita Kana Iwe Uchifungidzira Iwe Wakava Mhosva Yekuzivikanwa Kwokuba
Kwete kungovhiringidza kana kukuvadza kune chikwereti chako, kushambadzira kwekuzivikanwa kunorondedzerwa sehupfumi hwehurumende. Maererano neI Identity Theft uye Assumption Deterrence Act ye1998, iyo inopomerwa nehurumende kana mumwe munhu "achiziva kuti anoshandura kana kushandiswa, asina kodzero yepamutemo, nzira yekufananidzira mumwe munhu ane chinangwa chokuita, kana kubatsira kana kubata, chero zvisiri pamutemo basa iro rinopesana nemutemo weBritain, kana kuti iyo inosanganisira kukanganisa pasi pehurumende chero ipi zvayo inobata State kana mutemo. "
Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti iwe uri wekuzivikanwa wakanyengedzwa, danho rokutanga nderokuzivisa zvikamu zvako zvezvemari zvingangodaro zvave zvakakanganiswa. Iva nechokwadi chokuti dzose dzekodha dzakapfigwa pakarepo ndokukumbira kuti chero matsva matsva akwanise kubhadharwa nekuda kwezvinokanganisa mashandiro ekunyengera munguva yemberi.
Zvadaro, zivisa kugadziriswa kwemutemo munharaunda. Vachakwanisa kukupa mazano okuwedzera uye kutanga kutanga kuongorora.
Bata mahofisi matatu ekubhadhara chikwereti uye uvazivise zvekubata kwako. Vanogona kuisa tsananguro mukunyengera mufaira rako nezuva kuitira kuti zvikwereti zviitike mushure mekunge zuva iri risingazokanganisa zvakanyanya chikwereti chako.
Nguva yakashandiswa kuenda kukoroji, ndeyevadzidzi vazhinji, imwe yezvakanakisisa uye zvisingakanganwiki nguva muupenyu hwavo. Iva nechokwadi chokuti hachiyeukwi, zvisinei, nekuda kwekutambudzika uye kutambura kunokonzerwa nekuba kwehuzivi hwako. Ivai vakangwarira mukudzivirira ruzivo rwenyu uye musambofungidzira kuti mhosva yakadai haigoni kuitika kwamuri. Mikana ndeyokuti, pane mumwe munhu watoziva uyo wakaita kuti zviitike kwavari.