Kune mitemo mishoma inotungamirira kodzero dzako munyika yechikwereti. Kana iwe usati uri mubasa repamutemo, zvichida haugoni kuverenga zvinyorwa zveimwe yemitemo iyi. Iwe unofanirwa, pane zvishoma, uzive nemitemo uye kodzero dzako. Kuziva kodzero dzako uye mabasa evanhu vane chikwereti, vateresi, uye mamwe mabhizinesi mumakambani emakwereti achakubatsira kuziva nzira yekupindura nayo nyaya dzinomuka.
Mutemo weEngal Credit Opportunity Act
ECOA inodzivirira vatengesi kubva pakusarura vanhu kana mabhizinesi zvichibva pane zvisiri zvemari. ECOA imwe yemitemo miviri inokosha yevatengi inoshandiswa kune vatengi uye mabhizinesi - mamwe akawanda anoshanda kune vatengi chete. ECOA inotaura kuti uyo anokweretesa haagoni kukuderedza kuti usashandise kana kusarura iwe zvichienderana nezvinhu zvinosanganisira:
- race
- ruvara
- chitendero
- nezvekuroorwa
- age (kunze kwekuti iwe uchiri muduku kuti usayine kontrakiti)
- zvisinei kana munhu anokumbira achiwana rubatsiro rwehuruzhinji
Vatengesi vanogona kukumbira ruzivo urwu mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, asi ruzivo harungashandisi kugadzirisa kana kuti kupa chikwereti uye hachigone kushandiswa kugadzirisa mitemo yevakakumbira vanobvumirwa. Semuenzaniso, vateresi havagoni kugovera chido chekuda zvichienderana nezera romubvunzi.
ECOA inogadzirisa zvinokweretwa nevadzidzisi vanogona kubvunza pamusoro pemudzimai womubatsiri mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, sekushanda pamwe chete , apo uri kuvimba nemari yako yawakaroorana nayo kubhadhara kambani, kana kuti vashanduri vanoitwa munzvimbo dzemunharaunda.
Uyo anokweretesa haabvumirwi kubvunza kana munhu anokumbira ari chirikadzi kana kuti akarambana. Izvo chete mazwi akaroorwa, asina kuroorwa, uye akaparadzana anogona kushandiswa.
ECOA inoshanda kune mabhizinesi ose anowanzoendesa chikwereti uye mabhizimisi sekutengesa vatengesi, avo vanongobhadhara mari.
Kana iwe wakapiwa zvinyorwa zvishoma zvishoma, une kodzero yekuziva kuti sei, asi apo iwe paunoramba mazwi.
Pasi peECOA, vateresi vanotarisirwa kutumira tsanangudzo kune avo vanoita basa ravo rechikwereti rinorambidzwa. Tsanangudzo inofanira kuitwa mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu echisarudzo uye inofanira kusanganisira zvikonzero zvakasarudzwa zvechisarudzo.
The Fair Credit Reporting Act
ICRA inotsanangura kuti ingabhadhara sei mari yekwereti yekwereti uye inoshandiswa. Inodzora zvikwereti zvekwereti seEquifax, Experian, uye TransUnion, uye mamwe masangano ekubika.
Pasi pe FCRA, une kodzero yekudzokorora mushumo wako wechikwereti paunokumbira. Iwe unogona kugamuchira kopi imwe yega yekwereti yako yekwereti imwe neimwe kubva kune imwe nhengo yezvigadzirwa zvekubika. (Aya matatu makuru echikwata chekwereti anoita mushumo wenyu wegore rega rekukweretesa usingabhadhari uchishandisa AnnualCreditReport.com.)
Iwe une kodzero yekupa chikwereti chekwereti chakarurama uye unogona kukakavadza zvikanganiso pamwe nevana vechikwereti vechikwereti vanodikanwa kuti vaongorore ruzivo rwaunopikisana. Mushure mokugamuchira kukakavadzana kwenyu nekutsvakurudza, chikwangwani chekwereti chinofanira kugadzirisa kana kubvisa ruzivo rwakashata.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwehuwandu, ruzivo rwakasvibiswa rwakaitika kare runofanira kubudiswa kubva kumushumo wako wekwereti mushure memakore manomwe kusvika gumi.
I FCRA inopawo mirayiridzo yekambani inoparidzira ruzivo kune zvikwereti zvekwereti uye masangano ekubika.
Aya makambani haabvumirwi kuudza ruzivo rwakashata, anofanira kukuzivisa iwe kana mashoko asina kunaka akaudzwa kune zvikwereti zvekwereti, anofanira kuvandudza ruzivo rwakasarudzwa rwakambopiwa kune zvikwereti zvekwereti uye haugone kuzivisa chero maakare eakavazivisa mugumisiro wekuzivikanwa kwekuziva.
Iwe une kodzero yekuziva kuti ndiani akawana chikwereti chako chekwereti. Iyi ruzivo haizotumirwi kwauri kamwe chete, asi ichabatanidzwa mune chimwe chikamu (mibvunzo) chikamu chenhoroondo yako yechikwereti.
Iwe une kodzero yekuziva kana mashoko ari muchikwereti yako akashandiswa kukurwisana newe. Kana iwe ukaita chikwata chine chikwereti uye iwe unotendeuka nekuda kwemashoko ari muhupoti yako yemari, bhizinesi rinodikanwa kukuzivisa iwe , kukupa zvikonzero zvawakarambidzwa, uye kukuudza iwe kodzero yako yekuona kopi yekusununguka iyo mhanho yechikwereti yaishandiswa mukusarudza.
Iwe unogona kukwidza mabhizimisi anotyora kodzero dzako pasi pe FCRA. Iwe unogona kutumira mhosva ku Federal Federal kusvika kusvika ku $ 1 000 kana yako chaiyo yekukuvara.
Mutemo Wekukwereta Kwekodzero Dzakanaka
Iko FDCPA haireve nekwereti yako zvakananga, asi inotonga izvo vatatu vokweretesa chikwereti (vanoita zvinokonzera chikwereti chako) vanogona kuita apo vari kuunganidza chikwereti kubva kwamuri. Mutemo unoshanda kune zvikwereti zvemunhu oga, kwete zvikwereti zvemabhizimisi. Iyo FDCPA mutemo weBurumende unoshanda kune vose vatatu vokweretesa vatokari, kunyange vatongi vekuunganidza, pasinei nehurumende apo chikwereti chavatengesi vanoita. Vazhinji vehurumende vane mitemo yakasiyana yekuunganidza chikwereti.
Kutanga, zvakakosha kuziva kuti FDCPA inoshanda kune vatatu vokweretesa chikwereti, kwete kambani yawakasika chikwereti nacho.
Kana chikwereti mutengesi achitumira mumwe munhu waunoziva-shamwari kana nhengo yemhuri - kuti awane ruzivo pamusoro pako kuitira kuti ataure newe, mutori haabvumirwi kuratidza kuti vari kuunganidza chikwereti.
DHPCA inotsanangura apo vatokwereti vatengesi vanogona kukunyorerai - pakati peawa 8 am ne9 pm kunze kwekuti iwe wakavapa mvumo yekukushevedza pane imwe nguva.
Iwe unogona kumisa vatengesi vemakwereti kubva kukushevedza nekuvatumira kunyorwa kwakanyorwa uye kurega tsamba vachivaudza kuti unoda kuti nhare dzavo dzisimire.
Pavanenge vachiunganidza chikwereti kubva kwamuri, vatori havagoni kutaura zvinyengeri, vanotyisidzirai, vanokutambudzai, vachikushevedzai kakawanda kukugumbusai, kana kutyisidzira kutora chero chiito chepamutemo chavasingabvumirwi kuita kana kuti havadi kugadzira. Somuenzaniso, chikwereti mutora haagoni kutyisidzira kukupomera kana vakasabvumirwa kukupomera kana kuti havagoni kukupomera.
Pasi peDPPCA, une kodzero yekupomera chikwereti mutengesi anoputsa kodzero dzako . Iwe unogona kugamuchira kusvika ku $ 1 000 pakuwedzera kune chaiyo yekukuvara uye mari yemhosva.
Ichokwadi Mukukwereta Mutemo
ITILA inotsanangura kuti ndeupi ruzivo rwunofanira kuzarurirwa kune vatengi vari kupiwa zvikwereti zvekwereti, kusanganisira munhu wekwereti makadhi uye chikwereti. Mutemo haubvumiri kune bhizinesi kana rekutengesa makadhi makadhi uye zvikwereti. Pasi peTILA, mutengi anofanira kuzivisa:
- gore negore kubva muzana
- mari yezvemari, kusanganisira mari yekushanda, mari yekupedzisira, uye zvikwereti zvekubhadhara
- mari inoshandiswa mari
- mubhadharo purogiramu
- Kubhadhara kwakakwana kwakawanda kupfuura hupenyu hwose hwechikwereti
Izvi hazvifaniri kungofanirwa kuendeswa kumutengesi asati aisa chiratidzo chechikwereti, asi inofanirawo kuoneka pachena pamitemo yekubhadhara.
I-TILA hairevi chikamu chekufarira chinogona kutengeswa uye hachizive kana chikwereti chinofanira kupiwa. Zvinongoita kuti vanokweretesa vave mberi pamusoro pekuti mari yakawanda ichabhadhara mutengi.
Kwemakore, kuchinjwa kwakaitwa kuTILA kuitira kuti inoramba ichidzivirira vatengi. Muna 2009, Chikwereti CARD Act yakagadzirisa zvikuru mutemo unoda makadhi ekubhadhara chikwereti kuti abudise mashoko ekutengesa kune zvikwereti zvekwereti pakuburitsa makadhi matsva. Zvimwe zvinoda pasi peCredit CARD Act zvinosanganisira:
- Makambani ekadhi rechikwereti anofanirwa kutarisa kukwanisa kwevatengi kubhadhara asati abudisa kechikwereti chekwereti kana kukwidza chikwereti chekwereti pane chimwe chiripo.
- Ipai vashandi vemazuva makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu emasikati vasati vawedzera chiyero chekufarira
- Tumira zvinyorwa zvekubhadhara mazuva makumi maviri zuva risati rasvika
- Dhurai mari yekuita mari shoma uye nguva inotora kubhadhara chikamu nemari shoma chete
- Ingobhadhara mari yepamusoro-iyo-mubhadharo apo muchengeti wekadhi akasarudza-kupinda kuti ave ne-over-the-limit transactions processed
- Kwete kupa zvipo zvinokurudzira, se-t-shirts kana zvipo, mukutsinhana nevatengi vanyoresa kadhi rechikwereti
Iko Fair Credit Billing Act inodzivirira vatengi kubva pamabasa ekubhadhara zvisina kukodzera uye inopa vatengi kodzero yekuita nharo, mukunyora, kukanganisa pamatauriro avo ekubhadhara . Kunyange zvazvo kukanganisa kubhadhara kuri kuongororwa, mutengi haafaniri kubhadhara chikwereti chakakavhiringidza uye haagoni kutongerwa kubvisa chikwereti chemari inopesana.
Chikwereti chekubhadhara chikamu
Vashandi vari kuedza kushandisa masangano ekambani yekugadzirisa chikwereti vanofanira kuziva kuti murairo unovadzivirira sei. Iyo CROA inoshanda kumunhu chero upi zvake kana bhizinesi inotora mari mukuchinjana nekuvandudza chikwereti chako.
Pasi pe CROA, makambani ekugadzirisa zvikwereti haagoni kureva nhema kune vako vane chikwereti pamusoro pekwereti chenhoroondo yako. Vanokwanisawo kukukurudzira kuti ureve nhema kune iye zvino kana kuti mune ramangwana chikwereti.
Marikiti yekugadzira chikwereti inorambidzwa kubva kuchinja maziviro ako muchiedza kuwana mvumo mitsva yechikwereti.
Ikambani inofanira kuva yakatendeseka zvakakwana pamusoro pemabasa anopiwa kwauri. Havagoni kutaura zvisiri izvo kuti vari kukupai.
Iwe haufaniri kubvunzwa kuti ubhadharire mapeji asati apiwa.
Makambani ose ekugadzirisa zvikwereti anofanira kukupa iwe kujekesa iyo inowedzera kodzero yako yekuwana gwaro rekwereti uye kukakavadzana nemashoko asina kururama iwe pachako.
Kambani yekugadzirisa chikwereti, usati waita chero masangano kwauri, inofanira kukupa kontrakiti uye ikubvumira zuva rezuva re "kunonoka" nguva mushure mokunge musayina chibvumirano. Unobvumirwa kubvisa chibvumirano mukati memazuva matatu usina mutero wekuregererwa.
Kwose kambani inokukumbira kuti uite kodzero dzako pasi pe CROA inotyora mutemo. Chero kusunungura kwaunosayina hakuna maturo uye hakumanikidzwi.
Kutarisana neBhizinesi Vanoputsa Mutemo
Iwe unogona kunyunyuta kune Consumer Financial Protection Bureau pamusoro pekambani dzakawanda dzemari dzinotyora kodzero idzi. Zvine zvikwangwani zvinokwana, CFPB inogona kupa mutero kana kupiwa mhosva kune kambani uye inogona kutoda kuti kambani iite zvikwereti zvizere kana zvishoma.
The Federal Trade Commission nehurumende yako Gweta Guru kana mamwe masangano unogona kunyunyuta pamusoro pekambani dzinoputsa mutemo.
Kana iwe uchitenda iwe wakakwereta chikwereti, sangana nemweya mhosva kuti uwane nzira yekuisa mhosva kune kambani yakaputsa kodzero dzako. Dzidza nezvemamwe Mitemo Yekudzivirirwa Kwevateresi nebhizimisi.