Kubvira pakuwa kweSoviet Union, hupfumi hwenyika hwave huripo huno hutsika hwekushandurwa kwemisika. Uye pakati pe2000 na2008, nyika inonzi Gross Domestic Product (GDP) yakawedzera kaviri, zvichiita kuti ive inokosha zvikuru inotengeswa mumakethe emari.
Pasinei nekukura uku kwakakura, hupfumi hweRussia inonyanya kutengesa zvinhu uye huine ngozi dzakasiyana-siyana kune vashandi vemunyika yose.
Kushayikwa kwetabhenekeri yemitero uye yebhizimisi mutemo kwave kuri chinhu chakakosha kumabhizimisi ega ega nekutsvaga.
Panguva imwecheteyo, kuputsika kwemafuta asina mafuta uye zvimwe zvinhu muna 2015 uye muna 2016 zvinotadzisa kushushikana kwehupfumi. Muchikamu chino, tichazotarisa zvakanyanya nezvehupfumi hweRussia, zvikomborero uye njodzi kune vatengesi, uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekutsvaga mune hupfumi hwematengesi.
Zvakajeka zveEconomics yeRussia
Russia inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevatengesi vemarudzi ose nekuda kwemabhizimisi ayo emhepo, sevatungamiri vatungamiri vemafuta uye gasi chaiwo. Asi, avo vanoita mari muRussia vari kutarisawo zvigadzirwa zvayo zvekugadzira zvinyorwa (IT) uye nhare dzekutengesa . Kunyanya, shanduro yenyika yehurumende ndeimwe yemakiti anokurumidza kukura munyika yose.
Nyika ye 2016 yakakosha yezvemari yakasanganisira:
- Gross Domestic Product (PPP): $ 3.493 Trillion
- GDP Real Growth Rate: -3.7%
- GDP per Capita: $ 23,875
- Kuberekwa Kwemabasa: 6%
- Inflation Rate (CPI): 12.9%
Kubatsirwa uye Njodzi dzekutsvaga muRussia
Zvose zvinokonzerwa nemashamba anotakura chimwe chinhu chekutengesa. Ukuru hwekukura kweRussia kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekutsvaga kune vashandi vemari, asi checkered yake inoita kuti iwedzere kupfuura misika yakagadzirwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakaoma kuti vatengesi vemarudzi ose vasafuratira imwe yenyika inotyisa zvikuru pamisika yemisika munyika.
Kubatsirwa kwekutsvaga muRussia kunosanganisira:
- Vakapfuma muRwanda Rwenyika . Russia ndiyo inonyanya kutengeserana gasi yemasikirwo, pamwe chete neimwe yemafuta makuru emafuta uye mashizha enyika.
- Simba Rinokurumidza Kuwedzera Industries . Mamwe mashizha emakambani, kufanana nekwenyanzvi yekombiyuta uye kuterevhizheni, akawana kukura kukuru.
- Kukura Pakati Pekirasi . Russia ine vanhu vakawanda vane mamiriyoni 142 vane vagari vemari yavo vari kukura inofungidzirwa 10% kusvika 15% gore roga roga.
Njodzi dzekutsvaga mari muRussia dzinosanganisira:
- Kutadza kweMutemo . Russia haina nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakachengetedzwa panzvimbo yekuchengetedza vatengesi, kunyanya kuenzaniswa neU.S. kana hupfumi hwemisika yakasununguka, huchiri kutarisana nehupamhi hwekusava nekugadzikana uye njodzi kudarika US
- Kutendeseka kune Zvisikwa Zvemhuka . Russia ndeimwe yenyika huru kune dzimwe nyika, izvo zvinoreva kuti hupfumi hunovimba nematengo emagetsi. Kana simba remitengo richiita kuderera, zvinogona kukanganisa hupfumi, izvo zvakaitika muna 2015 na2016.
Nzira Dzakanakisisa dzekutsvaga muRussia
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzekutsvaga muRussia, kubva kuUnited States-yakatengeserana-inoshandiswa mari (ETFs) kune zvivimbiso zvakarongwa pari payo bhizimusi, RTS (Russian Trading System).
ETFs inomiririra nzira iri nyore yekuwana pachena pasina kunyunyuta pamusoro pemitemo yepamutemo uye yemitero yeAmerican Depository Receipts (ADRs) uye kuchengetedzwa kwedzimba.
Inozivikanwa yeRussia ETFs inosanganisira:
- Market Vector Russia ETF Trust (NYSE: RSX)
- iShares MSCI Russia Capped Index Fund (NYSE: ERUS)
- SPDR S & P Russia ETF (NYSE: RBL)
- Market Vectors Russia Small-Cap ETF (NYSE: RSXJ)
Mazita eRussia anonyanyozivikanwa anowanzo:
- Gazprom OAO ADR (OTC: OGZPY)
- Lukoil ADR (OTC: LUKOY)
- Mechel OAO (NYSE: MTL)
- OJSC Polyus Gold ADR (OTC: OPYGY)
Vashandi vemunyika yose vari kutsvaga kutarisana zvakananga vanogona kutenga zvishandiso zveRussia zvakananga vachishandisa chero yepasi rese yekutengeserana nepurogiramu nekutambira kuRussia RTS. Iko mashizha anozivikanwa munyika yose akanyorwa pane RTS 50 index, iyo ndiyo nyika yakaenzana neS & P 500 muUnited States.
Key Takeaway Points
- Russia ndeimwe yemakona anokurumidza kukurumidza kubuda munyika uye nhengo ye BRIC nyika, asi inewo njodzi dzezvematongerwe enyika uye dzezvematongerwe enyika.
- Vaya vanotsvaka nzira iri nyore yekuisa mari muRussia vanofanira kutarisa ku ETFs uye ADRs, apo avo vachitsvaga kutarisana zvakananga vangada kutarisa zvikamu zvekutengesa kuRussia RTS.