Index Numeri
Kutanga, ngationei kuti nhamba ye index inomirirei. Kunyange zvazvo kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekuverenga nhamba dze index, zvakakosha kuyeuka nhamba dzinomiririra shanduko kubva kune imwe yepakutanga kana yehutengo.
Nhamba haina kukosha. Chinonyanya kukosha ndiyo iyo inoshandiswa kuchinja munguva. Iyi sangano kumusoro kana pasi inokupa pfungwa yekuti index iri kuita sei. Izvo Dow up kana pasi? Nhamba yacho inotaridzwa "pamhepo" panguva yekutengesa kupa vatengi mafungiro ekutungamirira kumusika inomiririra.
Cherechedza, ndakati index yacho inoratidza "mumusika inomiririra," kwete "mumusika." Nyaya dzakawanda dzinotsanangurwa , kunyange avo vakataurwa sevanomiririra misika yose, vanongoratidzira chikamu chemusika chaiwo. Heano mazita anozivikanwa zvikuru nemisika yavanoratidza.
The Dow
Dow Jones Industrial Average ndiyo yakarembera uye yakanyanya kuzivikanwa. Icho chiyewo chinyorwa chakanyatsodzokororwa uye, zvisina kururama, inofungidzirwa kuti ibharometer yemusika.
Pakutanga, chaive chiyero chakareruka chematokisi muhurukuro, asi nekuda kwezvikamu zvakaparadzaniswa, zvinowanikwa, nezvimwe zvekutengeserana, kuwedzerwa kwepamusoro zvinodiwa zvino. Iwe unogona kuwana mamwe mashoko paDow Jones Indexes site. Dow ikozvino ine masoro makumi matatu chete. Zvisinei, imwe neimwe yezvikwata izvi inomiririra imwe yemakambani ane simba zvikuru muUnited States
Dow ndiyo chete inonyanya kukosha iyo inorema, iyo inoreva kana mari yematengo inoshandiswa ne $ 1, ine mhedzisiro imwechete pane index iyo pasinei nezana inoshandiswa pane yekutengesa. Mune mamwe mazwi, $ 1 shanduko ye $ 30 yemari ine mhedzisiro yakafanana ne $ 1 inoshandiswa kune $ 60 yemari.
Iko kuverenga kweDow kunofunga nezvekuwanda kwezvikwata zvinoparadzaniswa pamusoro pemakore. Nokugadzirisa masvomhu, zvinoita kuti uchengetedze nhoroondo yakakosha inobatsira. Dow stocks inomiririra chikamu chechina chekukosha kwemusika wose, saka mupfungwa iyoyo, icho chinhu chikuru uye kuchinja kukuru kunoratidza kuve nekuvimba kwevatengi muzvikwata, zvisinei, hazvirevi makambani maduku kana mapakati-mashoma zvachose.
S & P 500
S & P 500 ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa inotsanangurwa nevevashandi vezvemari semumiriri we "misika." Inosanganisira mazana mashanu ematokari akawanda anotengeswa uye anotenderera kumakambani makuru.
Inobatanidza inenge 70% yemutengo wekutengesa, saka mumashoko iwayo, iri kunyanya pedyo nekumirira yemusika wekutengesa kupfuura Dow. I S & P 500 inotengeswa mumakemikari kana misika yemakero inorema index, sezvo inenge inenge dzose dzinonyanya kukohwa.
Kuremerwa nemusika kapu kunonyanya kukoshesa makambani makuru, saka kuchinja mumashandi eMicrosoft kuchava nemigumisiro yakakura kudarika chero imwe mimwe midziyo mumutsetse.
Kunyange zvazvo S & P 500 inoremerwa kumakambani makuru, iyo yakajeka yakajeka yemusika mukuru kupfuura Dow iri.
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vekutaura vari paTV vanga kusimbisa Dow, iwe uchawana mufananidzo wakajeka wemusika nekuisa pfungwa dzako kune S & P 500.
The Nasdaq Stock Market yakakonzerwa
I Nasdaq Stock Market yakasanganiswa inoumbwa nematokari ose emusika weN Nasdaq - vanopfuura 5 000. Kunyange zvazvo yakazara pakugoverana, Nasdaq inorema zvikuru kune teknolojia inotengeswa. Izvi ndezvekuti iyo yemakemikari yemahombeksi inorema index uye masango akaita seMicrosoft uye mamwe emamwe makambani makuru e teknolojia anokonzera iyo index.
Kutungamirirwa kwavo uye vagari vemakambani mashomanana, anofungidzira muNasdaq anoita kuti index yacho igare yakazara kupfuura Dow kana S & P 500. Nasdaq pachena haisi yakagadzirirwa kuratidza "misika," asi inokupa pfungwa yakanaka yekuti teknolojia yezvikwereti iri kuenda.
Dzimwe Nhamba
Kune dzimwe nhamba dzedzimwe nhamba dzinoyera zvikamu zvakakura kana zviduku zvemashamba. Mutual fund investors vanogona kuwana mari yakawanda inotarisa chero inenge yavanoda.
Kunyange zvakadaro, nhamba huru nhatu pamusoro apa dzichashandira vashandi vakawanda zvakanaka. Iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kune dzimwe nhamba dzekuenzanisa, iva nechokwadi chokuti unonzwisisa kuti iyo index inorema sei (zvikuru, kana isiri yose, ichava kapu yemusika) uye kuti mashamba anosarudzwa sei.
Chii Chakanaka pamusoro peZvirevo
Nhamba dzinopa ruzivo runobatsira kusanganisira:
- Kunyange nekutadza kwavo, nhamba dzinoratidza maitiro uye kuchinja mukutsvaga mari.
- Vanotipa isu zvishoma, kunyange kana vasati vatarisa.
- Nhamba dzinopa mazera ekuenzanisa.
Chii chakakanganiswa neIndaneti?
Nhoroondo, kuburikidza nekugadzirisa, dzine zvikanganiso zvakakura zvinoita kuti vafungire kuti ivo vanomiririra zvakakwana zvechimwe chinhu.
- Vanhu vanosarudza kuti zvikwereti zvipi zvingaisanganisira uye zvingabvisa uye vanhu vanoita zvikanganiso. Saka, pane dzimwe nguva mashizha akabatanidzwa kuti haafaniri kuva uye mashizha akabviswa izvo zvisiri izvo; zvichingoenda zvakadaro. Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinodzokorora gore negore, saka zvakaoma kutarisa shure uye kuenzanisa S & P 500 ye 1995 ne S & P 500 ye 2004.
- Nokuenzanisa nhamba (kunze kweDow) nekukura, kusaremekedzwa kunomiririra kune makambani makuru kana makuru. Kana mumwe wavo ane zuva rakashata, rinogona kuzunungusa yose index.
Chii chatinofanira kuita neEndesheni?
Pane zvinhu zvishomanana vatengesi vanofanira kuyeuka pamusoro pezvikwereti:
- Nhamba haisiyo misika. Hazvina mhosva kuti zvikamu zvitatu zvakakura zvinorevei, iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchiisa pfungwa dzako pamatanda kana kuti zvinangwa zvekuongorora. Sarudza zuva ripi zvaro kuti nhatu dzese dziri pasi uye ini ndinogona kunge ndisina chokwadi chokuti kune hutsika hunoisa hutsva hutsva musi iwoyo.
- Nyeredzi dzinobata kumabasa chaiwo. Kana iwe ukateerera vamwe veTV vachitaura misoro, iwe unogona kufunga kuti indepu inofamba pamusana.
Vatengesi vanogona kutengesa kutarisira kwemashoko akanaka kana akaipa, asi nhamba dzinoverengeka masvomhu, kwete mashizha emuti.
- Kutarisa zuva nezuva, awa neawa, miniti nekudongedzwa kweminiti yehurukuro inzira yakanaka yekuderedza nguva.
- Nhoroondo dzakapa maonero akanaka pane zvakaitika kare kupfuura kutarisira basa. Zvinogona kubatsira zvikuru kana zvichionekwa kwenguva yakareba pakuona maitiro.