Sezvakataurwa mu Mutual Funds 101 , mutual fund ndiyo yerudzi rwekambani kana trust fund , zvichienderana neyo yakarongeka sei, iyo inoshandisa mari pamwe chete kubva kune zviuru, kana mune dzimwe nguva, mamiriyoni, evanhu vanozvipira uye vezvikoro, vanobhadhara kushandiswa kwemari kambani yekuisa mari iyo maererano nedzimwe mvumo yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga , uye inoedza kuunza hupfumi hwehuwandu uye huri nyore kuvarimi vashomanana avo vangave vasina kukwanisika kubhadhara chikwereti.
Munyaya yebato rekudzivirirana riri kunakidzwa nematare emari yemari (mamwe madhora ari kupinda muhomwe kupfuura kubuda), zvikudzikinuro (kana muridzi wezvikwama anotengesa zvikamu zvake uye achida mari kubva muchikwama) anogona kubhadharwa nemari inowedzera kubva kune vamwe, vashandi vatsva pasina kutanga kutengesa chikamu chepodfolio. Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo pane zvikwereti zvisingabatsiri, zvikwereti zvinofanira kutengeswa kuti zvigadzire mari, dzimwe nguva zvichikonzera kuwanikwa kwakapindirwa.
Chimbofungidzira iwe wakanga uchitamba chikwereti uye kamwe-kamwe, chero chikonzero chipi nechipi, mitsva inotanga kudarika zvishoma nehuwandu hwezvinhu. Uyezve, fungidzira kuti iwe wakabata zviremera zvakakura kana nzvimbo dzaive mumatengesi akawanda (zvichida achashanda nokuda kwezvinangwa). Pane imwe nguva, kana iwe uchiramba uchinge uchinge uchitenga zvinhu pamoto wemoto kuti uwane kusunungurwa, zvinokuvadza varimi vako vanoramba varipo.
Pano pane maitiro maviri anokwanisa kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro:
Bhuku reVatungamiri Votes kuPut Mutual Fund MuRunoff
Bhodi revatungamiri kana bhodhi rematirastii, zvichienderana nekuti iyo mutual fund yakagadziriswa sei, mavhoti ekuisa mari yekutengeserana mumutambo. Zvinonyanya kukosha, mari inokosha yekuchengetedza mari inoshandiswa, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kwairi, uye kupfuura nguva yakareba, zvichida kunyange yakagara makore mazhinji, zvinhu zvinotengeswa pasi (izvo zvinotarisirwa nematirastii) zvinowanikwa zvakanaka nemitemo.
Izvi zvichangobva kuitika nekambani yakange yakanyatsoremekedzwa inonzi Third Avenue, iyo yakatsigira chinonzi "Focused Credit" fund inowanikwa mujunk bonds . Izvo zvisungo zvisingabatanidzi misika yakatanga kutora uye kuparara. Zvikumbiro zvekuregererwa kwevatengi zvakaramba zvichiuya sezvo sangano rakarasikirwa nemari.
Pakupedzisira, musi waDecember 9, 2015, iyo yakashuma kuti yakanga isiri kukudza zvikumbiro zvekuregererwa asi, panzvimbo peiyo, yaisa $ 789 Mamiriyoni ezvinyorwa zvinotsanangurwa zvakaratidzwa pesazi rebhadharo (kubva pasi kubva $ 3 mabhiriyoni gore rakapera) mukumhanya. Hapana munhu ane chizivo kuti zvichazotora nguva yakareba sei kuti vashandi vadzo vawane mari yavo, kana kuti vachawana zvakadini.
Mukupa-Mutsa Kuparidzirwa Kupiwa Kunogadzirwa
Izvo zvinonzi "Ruregerero Rwomutsa" kana "Rudzikinuro Ruregerekedzo" kunogoverwa.
Kana izvi zvikaitika, panzvimbo yekugamuchira mari, mari yekutengeserana inoisa maoko pamusoro pezvimwe zvinhu kune imwe nzvimbo yezvido zvekuda kumusimari. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakawanda inowanzo mutual fund muUnited States panguva ino ndeyeVanguard 500 Index Fund, iyo inotanga kudzokorora S & P 500 .
Kana chimwe chiitiko chekuda-kureva chaizouya kusvika pakugadzirisa chakaita kuti mamenenja emapatotipu ave nekutya kuti kukudza kuregererwa kunogona kukuvadza varidzi venguva yakareba avo vakaramba vari pamwe nehomwe, iyo inogona kupa zvikamu zveimwe yezvikamu makumi mashanu zvepamberi dzinoumba chikwereti panguva iyo kune avo vanoda kutsanangurira nzira.
Murimi wacho aifanira kuzarura kambani yekwereti kune imwe nzvimbo uye ane chigadziko chakaiswa, zvino ita nayo zvavanoda. Kubva musi waDecember 28, 2015 musati wasvika pamusika, izvi zvinoreva kuti 18,8% yezvisikwa zvavo vaizosvika mune zvikamu zvekambani gumi - Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Exxon Mobil, General Electric, Johnson & Johnson, Wells Fargo, Amazon.com , Berkshire Hathaway, uye JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Chii chinoita kuti mamiriro ezvinhu ekupedzisira anganyanya kuipa ndeokuti maanimani emapatotipu anokwanisa kusarudza "kuvhara", nekushayikwa kwemashoko akanaka, zvivimbiso nebhadharo yakaderera-funga nezvezvikamu zveMicrosoft, Apple, Coca-Cola, kana Hershey vakatenga 25+ makore apfuura vakagara mune imwe huru yemari mari - kuti kuderedze mutero mutoro wevatengesi vanonamatira nehomwe iyo vachikanda munhu anenge achienda nechisimba chikuru kune Federal, state, uye hurumende dzenharaunda. Zvechokwadi, izvi hazvina basa kana iwe uine mari yako pamwe chete mukati meRoth IRA kana imwe musha wemitero .
The Solution
Ndeipi mhinduro? Mutemo wangu mukuru ndeyekudzivisa zvinhu zvinobhadhara kwenguva refu (zvisungo zvisina kubhadhara) nechinguva chekubhadhara mari (masangano akazarura mutual fund anobvumira vatengesi kutengesa zvikamu zvavo uye kugadzira mvura mukati mezuva rimwe rebhizimisi). Kana zvisina kudaro, pamusoro pezvakanakisisa zvaunenge uchizoita, ziva kuti rimwe zuva unogona kutarisana nechimwe chezvigumisiro izvi kuitira kuti ugone kutarisa zviri kuitika nehomwe yako (kana mari) yekusarudza paunoverenga gore negore gore negore . Icho chinongova chikamu chemungozi inouya kubva pakuisa mari kune zvivako zvakadai sekubatana kwemari.