Rimwe remashoko ekubhadhara mari iwe unogona kusangana kakawanda mubasa rako rekutsvaga mari "kuenzana". Sezvo pfungwa huru, zvakakosha iwe unonzwisisa kwete chete tsanangudzo, asi kuti iyo tsanangudzo inogona kusiyana sei kubva pane zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu. Heano nhatu tsanangudzo dzinokosha dzaunofanira kugara uchifunga:
1. Kushandisa "Equality" seSinonyanyoenderana neCommunity Stock
Izwi rokuti "equities", kana rinoshandiswa muhuwandu, rinopfupisa zvese kune zvikamu zvezvikwata zvinowanikwa , kunyange iwe dzimwe nguva uchinzwa inoshandiswa kureva mashizha anodikanwa , kunyanya mashizha anodiwa anoshandiswa muhomwe yakafanana .
Mune mamwe mazwi, inonyatsofanana neyese yakawanda uye inongova mutauro unofarira. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe ukanzwa mumwe munhu achitaura mutongo uyu, "Ini ndinodyara muimba yekugara , kunyange zvazvo ndine mamwe mazvikwereti muhotera yangu." Zvavari kutaura ndezvekuti: "Ini ndinowedzera mari muimba yeimba, kunyange zvazvo ndiine mamwe mashizha akafanana muhotera yangu." Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti zvikwereti ndezvorudzi rwekuchengetedza asi kwete zvese zvakachengetwa ndezvikwereti.
Paunenge uchitaura nezvezvikwereti zvakagadzirirwa zvakasiyana nezvevhu rakanaka uye yakakwirira mumatare anokosha vanoita mari , unogona kusangana nemhando dzakawanda dzehutano hwehutano. Zvimwe zvezvi zvinosanganisira:
- Makuru Makuru Mazano Anonyanya kukoshesa kutenga chinhu chikuru, chinonyatsogadzikana chiputi chebhubhu muUnited States
- Equity-Income Strategies iyo inowedzera pakuwana yakakwirira-yepamusoro midziyo inobhadhara zvikamu
- Equity Index Nzira dzinoshandiswa kutevedzera kana nenzira imwechete dzinodzokorora mazita emakero emabhizimisi
- Kuparadzana Kwepamusoro Kubudirira Nzira dzekutarisa dzinotarisa pakuwana mashizha ane zvakakwirira-kupfuura-muganhu wekugoverwa kwezvibereko
- Kugadzirisa Kukura Nhanho dzinotarisa pakutengesa zvikwata nezvidimbu zvinowedzera zvakanyanya kudarika zvinowanikwa
- Yakareba / Pfupi Equity Strategies dzinoedza kupa zvakanaka zvakakwana kudzoka shure kwechinguva nekuderera kuderera kudarika mushambadzi wepasi rose
- International Equity Strategies iyo inovaka nzira yekutsvaga mari yekutsvaga kutora mashizha mune imwe nyika kana nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogona kufambidzana nemaitiro ekuenzanisa mafungiro. Semuenzaniso, MSCI EAFE, imwe yeiyo inonyanya kufanirwa kuenzaniswa, "yakagadzirirwa kuratidzira kushanda kwekuchengetedzwa kwemahombekombe makuru uye pakati pevanhu makumi maviri nematanhatu mumakambani akagadzirwa, kusanganisira nyika muEurope, Australasia uye neEast East, kusina US uye Canada Iyo Index inowanika kune dzimwe nharaunda, zvikamu zvemashamba / masikisi uye inosvika anenge 85% ehurumende yakasununguka yakasarudzwa yemakethe mune imwe neimwe yenyika 21. "
Izvozvowo ndezvezvikamu zvemari. Mari inoshandiswa inowanikwa chete, kana inenge iga, muzvikwata zvakafanana kana zvimwe zvikwereti zvekutengesa zvinonzi huri mari yekutengesa . Iwe unogona kuziva pamusoro pehurumende yekugadzirisa kwekubhadhara mari kuburikidza nekuverenga iyo mutual fund prospectus . Yakawanda yezita guru- index index , yakadai seyo inotevera S & P 500 yekodzero yemakisi, inowanikwa mari, kunyange zvazvo mari yekuenzanisira iripo yekusina kuenzana kwemaassetsi akadai sezvisungo, zvakare.
2. Kushandisa "Equity" Kureva ku Balance Sheet Concept
Munenge mamiriro ezvinhu ose, "kuenzana", iyo inoshandiswa mune imwe chete, inoreva pfungwa yakawanda yehudziro kana kuti bhaari rekuita mari yekuverenga-iyo, vashandi vemari .
Iyi nhamba inobvumira muzvinamari kuziva kuti mari yakasara kune vadzidzisi vebhizimusi kana zvikwereti zvose zvemhosva zvinodzingwa kubva kune zvose zvigadziro zvemari. Cherechedza kuti mugoveri wekugoverana hausi, chaizvoizvo, zvakafanana nemhando yezvigadzirwa zvemari kana yebhuku rinokosha , sezvo zvinhu zvisingatarisirwi zvinodiwa zvinoda kutora chikwereti chekugovana uye kutsigira zvinhu zvisingaonekwi seGoodwill .
Kune mamwe mabhizinesi, kugoverana kwevashandi kunokosha zvikuru uye kunobatsira pakusarudza kuti kambani yakakosha. Kune mamwe mabhizinesi, zvikuru avo avo vasingatsvaki mari yakawanda kuti vawane mari, bhadha rekuenzanisa nderokushandiswa kushoma. Muenzaniso wakanaka kwazvo wekare kare panguva yandakanyora nyaya iyi Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.; yekupedzisira, kambani huru yekombiki yakadai seMicrosoft kana Adobe.
Zvakakosha kubvuma kuti vashandi vakawanda vanoshandisa izwi rokuti "kuenzana" kusingatauri kureva "zvinhu zvisingabhadhari" nenzira isingatenderwi nekodzero yekuverenga.
Somuenzaniso, kana ukasangana nomurimi wezvivako, angareva kuti, "Imba iyo ine mari yemari ye $ 1 000 000 uye ini ndinotakura $ 600,000 kutenga chikwereti, uye ndichingosiya $ 400,000 muhutano."
3. Kushandisa "Private Equity" kune rimwe Rudzi rweInvested Investment uye Philosophy
Izwi rokuti "kuenzana kwevamwe" rinoreva rudzi rwakasiyana zvakasiyana rwehuwandu hwehutano kupfuura hutsika-hutengeserana hutano uye, kana huchishandiswa nevezivo vanoziva mari, vanyori venhau vezvemari, uye vadzidzisi, vanouya nekanyatsonzwisiswa kwakanyatsonzwisiswa kwezvakavakirwa mune zvavanotarisira uye kufunga. Kana mumwe munhu achitaura pamusoro pekuchengetwa kwavo kwega, inowanzoreva kuti vane danda muhutano hushoma kana imwe sangano rezvemitemo rinotungamirirwa nemumwe mutariri wezvakananga. Mutungamiri wehurumende yega wega anotora mari yevabatsiri uye anoiisa mumakambani ari oga asina kutengeswa pane-the-counter kana pakutengeserana kukuru. Vatungamiri vezvikwata zvavo pachavo vanowanzogadzirisazve mabhizimisi, kusanganisira kuchinja kuhofisi yakasimba yehurumende, nechinangwa chekutengesa bhizinesi kune mumwe mutengi kana kubuda kuburikidza nekutanga kwepano kupa (IPO) mukati pemakore mashanu kusvika manomwe. Mukutsinhanisa nekupira zvikwereti uye kutora zvipingamupinyi zvakanyanya, vatengesi vemabhizimisi ega voga vanotarisira, asi havawanzogoni kuwana, kudzoka kwakakwirira pamusana pekutsvaga kwavo kupfuura plain-vanilla vashandi mukutengeserana kwevanhu vatengesi.
Vadzidzisi vezvikwata zvavo pachavo vanowanzotarisa. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vatungamiri vemari vakazvimiririra vanogona kusarudza kutora makambani ezvokudya zvakapetwa. Vamwe vanogona kuva nyanzvi mukuzadza mabhizimusi ekutsvaga. Vamwe vangave vane ruzivo rwekutsvaga, vachitora kambani inonetseka uye vachidzosera kuti inobatsire. Vamwe vanogona kushanda pamwe nemakambani muhukuru hwakasiyana uye huchishandise kuti varupupikisi vakwikwidzwe kuti vanyatsoita basa guru.
Kuenzanisa kwevamwe pachavo kunowanzosiyaniswa kubva kune huwandu hwehutano muhurumende yega yega inowanzobatanidza kuwanikwa kwe 100 muzana kwekambani yekodzero (umiridzi) panguva yekugadzirisa chikamu, asi hurumende inowanzobatanidza kutora chikamu chiduku mune kambani inotangisa kutanga. Vadzidzisi vevamwe vari voga vanowanzofanira kunge vanonzi " vatengesi vanobvumirwa " vanogona kusangana nemari shoma yepamusoro uye / kana mari inowanikwa, zvichida kana iri pamwe chete nemumwe wako.
Kuenzanisa kwega pachenyu kunoparadzaniswawo kubva kune hedge funds mune kuti mazhinji mahedheni emari anotarisa pakuisa mari mu ("kuenda kwenguva yakareba"), kana kutengesa kupesana (" kuperevedza "), kutengeserana kwevatengesi vevanhu, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanobatanidza kusiyana pakati peizvi nehuwandu hwevamwe. Sezvo takakurukura Berkshire Hathaway kanguva kadarika, kuratidzwa kwakanakisisa kwemuenzaniso wehuwandu: Buffett Partnership iyo Warren Buffett akaunganidza mari yekutanga iyo yakamubvumira kuvaka imwe yenhare huru pane yose yenyika yose. Bhuku rinonzi Buffett Partnership rakagara risati rawanikwa chete pamatokari emabhizimisi, asi kutonga nzvimbo mune mamwe mabhizinesi aibvumira kutungamira kurapa masangano akadai semari yekutsvaga mari.