Ndeipi Iyo Yakanakisisa: Hapana-Load Funds kana Load Funds?
Mutual Fund Load chii?
A mutual fund load ndeyemari inokwidzwa kutenga kana kutengeswa kwekubatana mari. Mitoro inopomerwa pakutsvaga mari yemari inonzi inotangira kumagetsi uye mitoro inopomerwa pamusoro pekutengeswa kwehurumende inobatanidzwa inonzi mitoro yekudzokera shure kana kuti iyo inenge yakatengesa kutengesa (CDSC). Mari dzinotakura mitero inowanzonzi "mari yemari" uye mari isingabhadhara mitoro inonzi "hapana-mutoro wemari."
Iwe Uchazviita Iwe pachako Here Kana Kuti Uchishandisa Mupi wezano?
Mubvunzo wokutanga unobvunzwa mubasa risina mutoro vs. mumiririri wezvikwata zvemari ndeyekuti iwe unoda kuzviisa iwe pachako kana kushandisa shanduri . Sezvo mutoro uchienda kunobhadhara mazano uye / kana basa mukuita mutual fund transactions, unofanira kutanga uchisarudza kana uchida kuita zvese kutsvakurudza uye kutengesa iwe pachako kana iwe uchida mupikizano kana kuti mutengesi kuti akuitire iwe. Skill uye ruzivo hazvibatsiri kudarika kutonga kwakanaka munyika yekutsvaga mari. Izvi zvinorevei kuti mupikiridzi ane ruzivo anogona kuita zvisarudzo zvekunyadzisa kworuzhinji kana zvikakanganiswa kana kukurudzirwa nemakaro kana kutya.
Vazhinji varairidzi vemazano nevatengi vanogona kungoita sarudzo uye kusaruramisira kunogona kukonzera kudzoka kwakaderera munguva yakareba sevhareji vanozviita-it-yourselfer. Zvisinei, mutungamiri akanaka anotarisa mari yako zvakananga uye anobatsira kuisa mapepa emigwagwa ane chinangwa kuti uite kuitira kuti ugone kusvika kune zvinangwa zvemari yako yeramangwana iwe uchirarama hupenyu huno huno huwandu.
Izvi zvingakosha zvakadini kwauri?
Zvikonzero Zvokutenga Mutoro Chikwata
Sei uchitenga mari yemutoro? Pakutanga, iwe unogona kufunga kuti hapana-mutoro wemari ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuenda kune vatengesi asi izvi hazvisi nguva dzose. Chikonzero chekutenga mari yakatakurwa yakafanana neyezvikonzero zvinowanikwa munzvimbo yekutanga - kubhadhara mutungamiri kana mutengesi uyo akaita mari yekutsvakurudza mari, akaita sarudzo, akakutengesa iwe mari, uye akaisa shanduko yekutenga. Zvisinei, hapana chikonzero chakanaka chekubhadhara chero munhu kunze kwekunge pane chimwe chinhu chekukosha kuchinjana, kunze kwekuti mutual fund pachayo.
Vamwe varayiridzi nevatengi vanobhadhara kuburikidza nemakomisheni uye ichi chekubhadhara chinoreva kutevera mazano kumutengesi wevatengesi kana mutengi. Kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisika kutenga mari yemutoro pasina hutano hwekambani-ukama hwekwereti, hapana chikonzero chakanaka.
Chinonyanya kukosha: Kazhinji, mutengesi mumwe nomumwe ari kuzviongorora, achizviitira pachedu kusarudza, uye achizviitira zvaakatenga kana kutengesa kwe mutual fund zvikwereti hazvifaniri kutenga mari yemari .
Sei Tichifanira Kutenga Chimwe Chechikwereti?
Sei uchitenga mari isina mutoro? Iwe unotoziva kuti iwe haufaniri kutenga mari-mutoro kana iwe usingashandisi mutariri. Asi ndezvipi zvimwe zvikonzero zvekutenga mutengo wemari mutual?
Zvichida chikonzero chakanaka ndechokusimudzira kudzoka nekuderedza mari.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, hapana-mutoro wemari ane mari yakaderera inodhura mari yakaenzana kupfuura mari yemutoro uye mari shoma inowanzoshandurwa pakudzoka kwakakwirira. Izvi ndechokuti mari yekushandisa mari yekugadzirisa mutual fund fund inobva kune imwe nyika inowanikwa zvakakwana.
Semuenzaniso, kana mari yekutengeserana inobhadharwa zvachose ye10.00% mushure mehomwe nemari uye mari yehuwandu yehuwandu yehwamanda ndeye 1.00%, kudzoka kwemuti wekurima ndeye 9.00%. Iye zvino chimbofungidzira iwe wakatenga chikamu chikuru chehomwe mari, iyo inogona kuva nenhamba yebhadharo ye125%. Mumwe mutengesi anogona nyore nyore kuwana mari isina-mutero ine chiyero chemari ye 0,75% kana pasi. Izvi zvinongodaro zvinodarika 0.50% zvekudzoka-kwegore-kwegore kune mari yekutakura. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kureva musiyano wezviuru zvemadhora ekuchengetedza uye kudiwa kwechikwata kumudzidzi anoshandisa mari isina mutoro.
12b-1 Mari muNo-Load Mutual Funds?
A 12b-1 mubhadharo mari inosanganiswa nemari imwechete iyo inowanzoshandiswa kubhadhara kutengesa, kugovera, uye kubhadhara mari, uye inobhadharwa kune mutengesi. IWhealth Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) inobvumira mari yekubhadhara zvakanyanya se1,00% gore rimwe nerimwe se 12b-1 mubhadharo.
Ichokwadi cheko-gorosi mari inenge isingakwanisi kutenga mari 12b-1 kana zvikwata zvinowanzogoverwa zvekugovana mari yekubhadhara mari yakadai inosanganisira Chikoro B Zvimwewo (mari yekudzorera kumashure) uye Chikamu C Zvimwewo ("level load") mari.
Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva apo mari inenge isingabhadhari mutoro wepi zvayo asi ichiri kukanganisa 12b-1 mubhadharo. Izvi zvikamu zvezvikamu zvinosanganisira Mutoro-Waived Funds uye Chikoro R Zvimwe .
Ndeipi Iyo Yakanakisisa, Kwete-Mutoro kana Mutoro-Waiiswa?
Unofanirwa here kushandisa mari-mutoro kana mari-yaived money ? Ichi chikamu chiduku cheapuro nemaarangi kuenzanisa. Zvisinei, mari-ye-mero inowanzova nechepakati yemari inoshandiswa mari yakaenzana kupfuura mari-yeived money. Mari dzinodhura dzinowanzoshandurwa muidzo dzakakwirira kumudzimai, kunyanya kupfuura kwenguva refu. Nokudaro hapana-mitoro inowanzova nani pane mari inotakurwa-mutoro, kunyanya maererano nechezasi kudhura, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumakadzo makuru.
Ichokwadi cheko-mutoro wekusungira mari haibhadhara chero mutoro uye hauna mari yemari, yakadai sa 12b-1 mari, iyo inogona kuoneka yakavanzika kune muzvinabhizimisi. Zvisinei, mari inotakurwa-mitoro inowanzobhadhara mari 12b-1. Nenzira iyo mutungamiri kana mutengesi anobhadharwa nekomiti anogona kugadzirisa mari pasina kubhadhara mutoro. Vanozviita sei? Vanobvisa (vanosiya) mutoro asi chengetedza misha ye12b-1. Saka mari inotakurwa nemutoro inogona kunge yakaita seuri kuwana chibvumirano chakanaka asi iwe unofanirwa kuita tsvakurudzo yako uye iva nechokwadi chokuti hausi kutenga mari yepamusoro 12b-1 mubhadharo.
Mutoro-waived mutual funds unozivikanwa ne "LW" pakuguma kwezita remari. Kusiyana neizvi, hapana-mutoro wemari hauna chero tsamba kana tsamba, dzakadai seA, B, C, D, R, kana LW, pakupedzisira kwezita remari rinoratidza chikamu chekugovera.
Dzidza Nezve Mutual Fund Shandisa Kirasi Nyaya
Ndeipi chikamu chekugovera chikoro chakakunakira iwe ? Dzimwe nguva iwe uchawana imwe mutual fund inokodzera zvido zvako asi inogona kunge isiri gorosi kana mutoro-waived fund. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehurumende yekugoverana masangano, rimwe nerimwe rine zvigaro zvaro uye zvisingabatsiri, zvizhinji zvaro zvinonyanya kukoshesa mari. Kuti uenzanise zvakananga zvekugovera zvidzidzo, ungada kutarisa nyaya, Ndeipi Mutual Fund Share Class Ndiyo Yakanakisisa? Asi nokuda kweizvi, heino zvimwe zvikamu zvekutanga pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvekugovera zvidzidzo zvemhando.
- Kirasi A mavoti anowanzova nechekupedzisira kwekutengesa mitero (mitoro). Mutoro, unova mutero wekubhadhara mabasa emudzidzisi wekutsinhanisa mari kana imwe nyanzvi yezvemari, inowanzowanikwa 5.00% uye inogona kuva yakakwirira. Mutoro unotengeswa kana zvikamu zvatengwa. Somuenzaniso, kana wakatenga madhora gumi nemazana gumi zvekubhadhara chikamu cheA Class A shares, uye "mutoro" ndewe 5.00%, ipapo iwe unobhadhara $ 500 semisheni uye iwe uchava ne $ 9 500 inotengeswa muhomwe. A shares inonyanya kukosha kune vashandi vanoronga kuisa mari yakawanda yemadhora uye vachazotenga zvikamu zvishoma. Kana iyo yekutenga yakawanda zvakakwana, unogona kukodzerwa ne "breakpoint breakpo." Iva nechokwadi chekubvunza nezvezvikwereti izvi pamusoro pemutoro kana uchida kutenga zvimwe zvikamu zvehomwe (kana kuti mutual funds mukati memhuri imwe yemari).
- Nhengo dzeChikoro B ndeyekugovera chikamu chemari inotengeswa iyo isina kutakura mberi-kuguma kwekutengesa mhosva, asi panzvimbo payo inotora chikwereti chakatengesa kutengesa (CDSC) kana "mutoro wemagetsi." Nhengo dzeChikoro B dzinowanzova nezvikwereti zvepamusoro 12b-1 kupfuura mamwe mutual fund share classes. Semuenzaniso, kana mutengi achitenga chikamu chemari yeClass B, havazokwanisi kutakura mutoro wekupedzisira asi vachazobhadhara mutero wekupedzisira kana mutengesi achitengesa zvikamu asati asvika nguva yakatarwa, yakadai semakore manomwe, uye ivo inogona kutengesa kusvika ku 6% kuti idzikinure zvikamu zvavo. Nhengo dzeChikoro B dzinogona kupedzisira dzichinjana muchikamu cheAchi A pamakore manomwe kana masere. Saka vanogona kunge vakanakisa kune vashandi vasina mari yakakwana yekuisa mari kuti vawane chikamu chekubvisa paA A, asi chinangwa chokubata mabhii B kwemakore anoverengeka kana kupfuura.
- Dzimba dzeClass C dzinotora "mutoro wepamusoro" gore negore, iyo inowanzowanzosvika 1,00%, uye mari iyi haifaniri kuenda, zvichiita C kugoverana mari pamwe chete mari inodhura kune vashandi vanoita mari kwenguva yakareba. Saka, kazhinji, shandisa zvikamu zveC zvenguva pfupi (pasi pemakore matatu) uye shandisa zvikamu zveAi kwenguva refu (makore anopfuura 8), kunyanya kana iwe unogona kuwana pfupa pamberi pekutakura kwekuita huru kutenga. Nhengo dzeChikoro B dzinogona kupedzisira dzichinjana muchikamu cheAchi A pamakore manomwe kana masere.
- Nhengo dzeChikoro D dzinowanzofanana nemari isina mutoro mune zvekuti ivo vari mutero wekugadzirisa chikamu chechikoro chakasikwa sechimwe chinopfurikidza nechetsika uye yakajairika A mugove, B pamwe uye C share mari iyo iri mberi-mutoro, mutoro kana nhamba-mutoro, zvichienderana.
- Mazano anowanikwa mazano anongowanikwa chete kuburikidza nemudzidzisi wekutsvaga mari, naizvozvo kushandurwa kwe "Adv" kutevera mazita emari muchikamu chechikamu ichi. Iyi mari inowanzochengetwa asi inogona kuva nezvikwereti 12b-1 kusvika ku 0.50%. Kana uri kushanda nemudzidzisi wekutsinhanisa mari kana imwe nyanzvi yezvemari, mazano aApri anogona kuva yakanakisisa yako sarudzo nokuti mari yacho inowanzopfuura mabhii B kana maC shares.
- Chikoro che Institutional class (aka "Inst", Chikoro I, Chikoro X, kana Chikoro Y) zvinongowanikwa chete kune vashandi vezvikoro uye zvishoma zvishoma zvinowanikwa mari ye $ 25,000 kana kupfuura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko apo vatengesi vanoshandisa mari pamwe chete, zvakadai se 401 (k) zvirongwa, zvigadziriswa zvinogona kusangana kuti zvizoshandisa mari yezvikamu zvekirasi, izvo zvinowanzova nemari shoma shoma pane dzimwe dzidzo dzekugovera.
- R zvikamu zvekugovana hazvina mutoro asi vane 12b-1 mari inowanzobva kubva ku 0.25% kusvika ku 0.50%. Kana yako 401 (k) inongopa R share class money, yako mari inogona kunge iri yakakwirira kudarika kana kusarudzwa kwezvikwata kunosanganisira pasina mutoro kana mutoro-waived version yechikwata chimwechete.
Index Funds uye No-Mitoro
Vakawanda vanoita-iyo-iwe pachayo inoshandisa mari yekuenzanisa uye kwete-mutoro mari yechikonzero ichocho chechikonzero - kuvaka chikwata chekugadzirisa mari pamwe chete nemari yakakwirira, inodhura. Zvisinei, vamwe varimi vangave vasingazivi kuti mamwe mari yehurukuro inewo mitoro.
Izvo hazvikwanisi kusimbiswa zvakakwana zvokuti vatengi havafaniri kuisa mari muhomwe yekodzero ine mutoro ! Icho chinangwa chekutsinhanisa kwekutsvaga mari ndechekutsvaga kutarisana nekushanda kwechiratidzo chekuenzanisa. Kana paine mutoro, mari yekutengesa mari inokunda chinangwa chekuita mari shoma inodiwa kuti ibudirire muhutano hwekutsvaga mari.
Sangano-Kutungamirirwa Mari NeChangu Pashes-Managed Funds
Iko mari inogadzirirwa-inobhadhara inokodzera kubhadhara mutoro here? Zvakanakira mari inogadziriswa yakarongeka inobva pakufungidzira kuti maneja wemapatotikiti anogona kusarudza zvakachengetedzwa izvo zvichange zvichinyanya kuenzaniswa nechinangwa chekutsvaga. Nemhaka yokuti hapana chikonzero chekutora zvikwereti zvakafanana nehuwandu hwekuenzanisa, inofungidzirwa kuti maneja wemapatotikiti achatenga kana kuchengetedza zvivimbiso zvinogona kuparadzanisa index uye kudzivisa kana kutengesa avo vanotarisirwa kuti vaite pasi.
Nokudaro, kana pane mukana wekuwana mararamiro akakwirira kupfuura kushandiswa kwekutsvaga mari inogona kuitika, mutyairi angafunga kuti kubhadhara mutoro zvakakosha. Zvisinei, mutoro wacho uchanyatsogadzirisa kudyara kwemuti wezvemari, izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvisinganzwisisiki zvinokonzerwa nekurova chinangwa chechinangwa kana kuti index.
Zvinonzwisisika: Mashoko ari pawebsite ino anopa mazano ekukurukurirana chete, uye haafaniri kushandiswa zvisina kunaka sekutsvaga mazano. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu iyo ruzivo runomiririra hutungamiri kutenga kana kutengesa zvigumisiro.