Mamiriro ezvinhu echinhu chisina kusimbiswa chesimbi
Austenitic steels haisi maginini asingasviki mashizha ane mazinga akawanda echromium uye nickel uye pasi mashoma ekaroni. Anozivikanwa nokuda kwekugadzikana kwavo nekudzivirira kuratidzira, zvipfeko zvekuchengetedza ndiyo ndiyo yakanyanya kushandiswa yegorosi yesimbi isina zvimbi.
Kutsanangura Maitiro
Ferritic steels dzine chitubu chemuviri (BCC) yegorosi, asi hutachiona hwemasina asina tsvina hunotsanangurwa nechec-cedicic (FCC) cristal structure, iyo ine atomu imwe pakona imwe yekamu uye imwe iri pakati yechiso chimwe nechimwe.
Izvi zvinoumba zviyo kana huwandu hwakawanda hwejikisi huwedzerwa kune gorosi-8 kusvika ku 10 muzana muhutano hwe18% yekromium alloy .
Mukuwedzera kune kusina maginiti, zvigadziriswa zvisingasviki mashizha hazvisi kupisa kunopisa. Zvinogona kutonhora zvakashandurwa kuti zvigadzirise kuoma, simba, uye kusagadzikana, asi. Mhinduro inopisa inopisa kusvika 1045 ° C inoteverwa nekudzima kana kupisa kunononoka kuchadzorera mamiriro ekutanga emagetsi, kusanganisira kubvisa kusarura kwegorosi nekugadzirisazve ductility mushure mekushanda kwechando.
Nickel-based based austenitic steels inorondedzerwa se 300 series. Yakawanda pane idzi ibanga 304 , iyo inowanzo ine 18 muzana chromium uye 8 muzana nickel.
Hupfumi muzana ndiyo inowanikwa muchengeti weiickel iyo inogona kuwedzerwa kusimbi isina tsvina ine 18 muzana chromium kuitira kuti ushandure zvakakwana zvose zve ferrite kusvika kune austenite. Molybdenum inogonawo kuwedzerwa kune imwe yenhamba ye2 peresenti yegore ra2016 kuti ivandudze kusagadzikana kwehurosi.
Kunyange zvazvo nickel isiri chinhu chinowanzoshandiswa kushandisa mafuta, nitrogen inopa imwe nguva. Nemafuta asina tsvina ane nickel yakadzika uye yakakwirira yeakisijeni yakarongerwa se200 series. Nokuti iri gasi, zvisinei, inongova yega nitrojeni inogona kuwedzerwa isati yakashata yakaipa inosvika, kusanganisira kuumbwa kwe nitrides uye gasi porosity iyo inokonzera soro.
Kuwedzerwa kwema manganese , uyewo yekare inoshandiswa, pamwe chete nekubatanidzwa kwe nitrogen inobvumira huwandu hwegesi kuwedzerwa. Somugumisiro, zvinhu izvi zviviri, pamwe chete nemhangura -iyo inewo zvinhu zvekuchengetedza-inogadziriswa-inowanzoshandiswa kushandura nickel mu 200 tsvina dzakasina zvipfeko .
Mhemberero 200-iyo inonziwo ma-steinless-chromium-manganese (CrMn)-yakasimbiswa muma1940 nema1950 apo nickel yakanga isina kukwana uye mitengo yakakwirira. Iko zvino inofungidzirwa kuti inobhadhara mari inoshandiswa mazana matatu emasero asina zvisikwa zvinogona kupa imwezve rubatsiro rwekuvandudzwa kwezvibereko.
Makero akaenzana emapurisa asingasviki ane huwandu hwakawanda hwekromesi ye08%. Low carbon grade kana kuti "L" makirasi ane ehupamhi yekromikisi ye 0.03 muzana kuitira kuti usapinda carbide precipitation.
Austenitic steels haisi magnetic muzvinyorwa zvinenge zvichengetedzwa, kunyange zvazvo zvingava zvinyenye zvishoma kana kushanda kuchiita . Izvo zvine maitiro akanaka uye weldability, pamwe nehutano hwakanaka, kunyanya pakadzika kwepasi kana pasi. Zvikoro zveAustenitic zvinewo kuderedzwa kwepaburiro uye zvishoma zvakasimba simba rakasimba.
Kunyange zvazvo mabhii echinhu chinodhura zvakanyanya kudarika firinic stainless steels, ivo vanowanzogadzikana uye kusagadzikana kusagadzikana.
Applications
Austenitic stainless steels inoshandiswa mumhando dzakawanda dzekushanda, kusanganisira
- Automotive trim
- Cookware
- Zvokudya uye zvinwiwa zvigadzirwa
- Industrial equipment
Applications neBanga
304 uye 304L (gwaro rakazara):
- Matangi
- Kuchengetedza midziyo uye mapaipi ekugadzirisa zvinodhaka
- Kumigodhi, makemikari, cryogenic, zvokudya newaini, nemishonga yemishonga
- Cutlery
- Architecture
- Sinks
309 uye 310 (yakakwirira chrome uye nickel makirasi):
- Vira, moto, uye catalytic converter zvinhu
318 uye 316L (makirasi makuru ekugutsikana):
- Matikiti ekuchengetedza makemikari, midziyo yokumanikidzira, uye kupinza
321 uye 316Ti ("yakadzika" makirasi):
- Afterburners
- Super heaters
- Vanokomborera
- Kuwedzerwa kunobwinya
200 Series (pasi nickel makirasi):
- Dishwashers uye kushambwa kwemichina
- Cutlery uye cookware
- In-house matanki emvura
- Indoor uye zvisiri zvekuvakwa
- Zvokudya uye zvinwiwa zvigadzirwa
- Automobile parts