Izvo zvaunoda kuziva nezvechirango chokusava nehutano inshuwarisi
Mibvunzo inobvunzwa:
- Ndine utano hwakanaka hwehutano inshuwarisi here? Izwi rinokosha rekuziva nderuzhinji rinokosha kugoverwa.
- Iko mari yakaenzana inobhadharwa kubhadhara uye sei yakaverengwa?
- Nzira yekubhadhara chikwereti chakagoverwa chikwereti, uye chii chaunofanira kuita kana iwe usingakwanisi kuribhadhara zvakakwana?
Kune Ndeupi Munhu Akaita Mutoro Wekugoverwa Kubhadhara Kushandisa?
Munhu wacho akagoverwa kubhadhara mutoro kunoshanda kune vanhu vose vari vagari vemo kana vagari vemo vatorwa veUnited States. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinoshamisa. Vanhu veAmerica vanogara kune dzimwe nyika kana kune dzimwe nyika dzeAmerica, somuenzaniso, havadi kuti vawane inshuwarhu yehutano. Pane 12 kunze kwebasa rakabhadharwa kubhadhara .
Mutero wekugoverana unobatanidzwa kana munhu, kana munhu chero ipi zvayo mumhuri yake akagoverwa mhuri, haana rudzi rwehutano hwehutano hunovhara kwezuva rimwe chete mumwedzi chero upi wegore, kunze kwekuti kusina kushanda kushanda. Chirango chinotarwa pamwedzi mumwe nomumwe munhu asina hutano hwehutano inshuwarheni.
Mutsara unoti " kugoverana mutoro wemhuri " zvinoreva vanhu vose kune avo vanobhadhara mutero vanofanirwa kukumbira kubhadhara . Uyu angave ari mubhadhari iye- kana iyeye, pamwe chete nemubereki wemubhadhara (kana akaroora uye akaisa pamwe chete), pamwe chete nevaya vanovimba nevanobhadhara vanokodzera kubvunza pasi pevana vanofanirwa kana kuti mitemo yekodzero.
Munhu ane mutoro wekubhadhara chikwereti chakagoverwa chikwereti kune anovimba, kunyange kana munhu akasarudza kusazvitsigira. Munhu ane mutoro wekubhadhara chikwereti chakagoverwa chekugoverwa kune mumwe wako kana vakaisa pamwe chete.
Rudzi Runodiwa rweUtano Inishuwarenzi: Minimum Essential Coverage
Munhu anodiwa kuti ave nehutano inshuwarano inopa zvishoma zvakakosha kugoverwa. Mhando dzemhando dzinotevera dzehutano inshuwarisi dzinopa zvishoma zvakakosha kugoverwa. Saka kana uine imwe yemhando dzakadai dzehutano inshuwarisi, ipapo kubhadhara mutoro wekugovana hakushandi kwauri. Zvisinei, kana munhu asina imwe yemhando dzakadai dzehutano inshuwarisi, munhu iyeye anoda kubhadhara chikwereti chakagoverwa kubhadhara kana kuratidza kuti chimwe chikamu chinoshanda.
- Programme yehutano yehutano yevana (CHIP)
- COBRA kugoverwa
- Dhipatimendi reZvondo Zvisina kubhadhara Fund Health Benefits Programme
- Bhizinesi rehutano hwehutano hunoendeswa kuburikidza nemushandi wako
- Kuvhara kwehutano hwehutano kwakapiwa kuvadzidzi vanozvipira kuRugare Corps
- Utano hwehutano hunopararira kuburikidza neDhipatimendi reVeterans Affairs
- Inishuwarenzi yakatengwa pachavo
- Inishuwarenzi kuburikidza nepurogiramu yehutano yevadzidzi pajiji kana yunivhesiti
- Medicaid zvirongwa (kunze kwezvikamu zvishoma-kugoverana)
- Medicare Advantage plans
- Medicare Chikamu A
- Refugee Medical Assistance
- Kurega kubhadhara kuburikidza newaimboimbova mushandirwi
- Taura huwandu hwehutano hwehutano inshuwarheni (mugore ra2014 chete; isu takamirira kuti tione kana mapurogiramu aya achakwanisa kusvika 2015 uye makore apfuura)
- TRICARE zvirongwa (kunze kwekugadzirisa-zvigadziriro zvekuvhara)
Izvi zvinotevera zvishoma-kugoverwa Medicaid uye TRICARE zvirongwa zvinobvumirwa semuenzaniso wegore ra2014 chete. Inishuwarenzi yakadaro haizokwanisi kuve yakaderera inokosha yekugoverwa kwe 2015 kana makore apfuura:
- Zvirongwa zvekuronga mhuri Mhedhaidhi
- Utachiona hunobatana neTiberculosis Medicaid
- Medicaid inobata pamuviri
- Emergency medical conditions Medicaid
- Coverage yakagamuchirwa pasi pechitsauko 1115 che Social Security Act
- Medicaid kune avo vanoshayiwa mishonga
- TRICARE chinyorwa chekuchengetedzwa kwemahara
- TRICARE kugoverwa kwekuchera-kubatsiri-mutsara-webasa rekuchengeta
Nzira Iyo Mutoro Wakagoverwa Muripo Wakaverengwa
Nenzira, munhu wacho akagoverana kubhadharwa kubhadharwa anoverengerwa sezvinotevera:
a. Verengai mari inoshandiswa yemari yega yega yega yega muimba yainge isina utano hwehutano huripo hwemwedzi chero upi zvake. Verengai mari inoshandiswa nemadhora emwedzi mumwe nomumwe kumunhu mumwe nomumwe, uye kuwedzera kwavari. Izvi zvinonzi chiyero chemari inoshandiswa yakawanda.
b. Wedzerai mari inoshandiswa yemari inowanikwa kune mumwe munhu mukuru nevatatu.
c. Chero chero nhamba iri pasi (a kana b), inonzi flat flat dollar .
d. Verengai mari yakawandisa yemari , iyo inowanikwa muzana yepfuma yemhuri.
e. Chero chero nhamba yakakwirira (c kana d), ndiyo mhirizhonga yemwedzi wepamusoro .
f. Tarisa kumusoro kweruzhinji rwemari yepamusoro yehuta-yepamusoro. Chati iri pasi apa.
g. Chero chero nhamba yakadzika (e kana f) ndiyo inobhadharwa mutoro wegore.
Iye zvino kuti tinonzwisisa nzira yose, ngatitsvakei kuti tingaita sei umwe neumwe kuverenga.
Inoshandiswa Dollar Zvikwereti
| Gore | Inoshandiswa Dollar Nhamba | Inoshandiswa Dhora Guru revanhu vari pasi pemakore 18 (hafu yevanhu vakuru) |
| 2014 | $ 95 | $ 47.50 |
| 2015 | $ 325 | $ 162.50 |
| 2016 | $ 695 | $ 347.50 |
| Zvadaro | yakakonzerwa nehutsika |
Kunobva: Internal Revenue Code chikamu 5000A.
Mari inoshandiswa inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kuverenga doro rakadzama mari. Iyi ndiyo mari yegore negore, uye inoshandurwa kuva mwedzi wemwedzi kana uchiverenga Mwedzi Mhosva Kwemwedzi (ona pasi apa).
Isu tinoshandisa aya inoshandiswa nemari inowanikwa nenzira mbiri. Chokutanga, kuverenga sumhi yemari inoshandiswa inowanikwa (yakanyorwa nhamba iri mudura rwedu pamusoro). Isu tinoita izvi nekuwedzera mari inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kune munhu mumwe nomumwe aisina hutano inshuwarisi. Kana munhu mukuru asina inshuwarisi, tinoshandisa mari yakazara. Kana mwana asina kuva ne inshuwarisi, tinoshandisa mari yemwana, iyo inenge hafu yevanhu vakuru.
Chechipiri, tinowedzera mari inoshandiswa yakawanda nehatu. (Nhamba b mudura rwedu pamusoro apa.) Pano isu hatina hanya nechezasi inoshandiswa nemari yemari yevana. Tinongowedzera $ 95 ne3, iyo iri $ 285 (yegore ra2014).
Chero chero nhamba yakadzika ( a kana b ) ifa rakadzika dollar chikamu (chakanyorwa c mudura rwedu pamusoro).
The Flat Dollar Nhamba
Iyo yakazara dollar yakawanda ndiyo yepamusoro yezviverengero zviviri zvinotevera:
- Nhamba yemari inoshandiswa inobatanidza vanhu vose vanobatanidzwa mumhuri yemhuri yavanogovana , kana
- Katatu dhora rinoshandiswa rinofanirwa negore kune mumwe munhu mukuru.
Iye zvino zvatine mufananidzo we dollar inoshandiswa uye yakazara dollar yakawanda, ngationei kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei mune muenzaniso.
Muenzaniso. Henry naJane vakaroorana nevatatu vanorarama: Katie (ane makore 21), Luann (ane makore 15), uye Marcus (ane makore 10). Nokuti Katie, Luann naMarcus ndivo vanovimba naHenry naJane, vanhu vashanu vese vanoita imwechete yekugoverwa mhuri. Kuti vaverengedze dhora ravo rakawanda, tinotanga kuverenga mari inoshandiswa inowanikwa kune mumwe nomumwe mumhuri yakabatanidzwa yemhuri, uye owedzera kwavari kuti vawane yose. Kune vanhu vatatu vane makore 18 kana kupfuura (Henry, Jane naK Katie), uye vanhu vaviri vari pasi pemakore 18 (Luann naMarcus). Zvegore ra2014, mari yavo inoshandiswa inodhura yaizove:
| 3 vanhu vakuru | 3 × 95 | $ 285 |
| 2 vana | 2 × 47.50 | $ 95 |
| Nhamba yemari inoshandiswa yemari inowanikwa | $ 380 | |
Saka kuverenga kokutanga, chiyero chemari inoshandiswa mari, inodarika $ 380.
Chechipiri kuverenga ndekutora katatu kubhadhara mari inoshandiswa, kana 3 × $ 95 = $ 285.
Tinozofananidza nhamba mbiri idzi. Nzvimbo yakadzika dollar inowanikwa ndiyo yakaderera nhamba mbiri. Nhamba yakaderera ndeye $ 285. Iyi ndiyo padzimba yavo yakawanda mari yegore. (Muenzaniso uyu unoenderera mberi.)
Mari Yakawandisa Imari
Mushure mokufungidzira kunze kwedhora rakadzikidzwa, tinoenderera mberi kuverenga mari yakawandisa yemari . Iko mari yakawanda inowanikwa mari inotarirwa sepakati yemari inowanikwa mumhuri inopfuura yepamusoro yekunyora chiyero chemari.
Mhuri inowana mari yakashandurwa yakagadziriswa mari yakawanda kune mumwe nomumwe mumhuri inobatanidzwa yemhuri inofanirwa kutora mutero wekudzokera. Mune mamwe mazwi,
(Mhuri inowana mari - kuvhara chikumbaridzo) × Kuwana muzana
Kugadziriswa kwakagadziridzwa mari yakawanda (MAGI) zvinoreva kugadziriswa mari yakawanda (AGI) nemari inotevera inowedzerwa zvakare: kune dzimwe nyika vakagamuchira mari, kusabhadhara mutero, uye chikamu chekubhadhara mitero ye Social Social benefits.
Mari inowanikwa mari inowirirana gore:
| Gore | Mari inowanikwa |
| 2013 | 1% |
| 2014 | 1% |
| 2015 | 2% |
| 2016 uye pashure | 2.5% |
Muenzaniso, wakaenderera mberi. Kuti uverenge mari yakawanda yemari yeHenry naJane yegore ra2014, tichada kuziva mari yavo yeimba uye kuisa chikumbaridzo. Kwegore ra2014, chivharo chekunyorera vanhu vakaroora vanobatana pamwe chete ndeche $ 20,300. Ngatimbofungidzira kuti avo vanovimba navo (Katie, Luann naMarcus) havawani mari yakakwana kuti vawane faira kudzoka. Nokudaro mhuri chete inowanikwa mumhuri iyi inosanganisira Henry neJane chete vakashandurwa kugadziriswa mari yakawanda. Ngatitii vane mari yemhuri ye $ 100,000. Kwegore ra2014, mari yepato inenge 1%. Isu iye zvino tine ruzivo rune ruzivo rwunoda kuverenga mari yavo yakawandisa yemari:
| Mari yakawandisa mari |
| (Mhuri inowana mari - kuvhara chikumbaridzo) × Kuwana muzana |
| = ($ 100,000 - $ 20,300) × 1% |
| = 79,700 × 1% |
| = $ 797 |
Henry naJane vane mari yakawanda yemari ye $ 797. (Muenzaniso unoenderera mberi.)
Mwedzi Mutsetse Mutengo
Chirwere chemwedzi chairo chiyero chimwe-chegumi nemaviri (1 / 12th) chepamusoro chepurasitiki yakawanda kana mari yakawandisa yemari . Iyi chirango chemwedzi wepamwedzi yakawanda inowanzowedzerwa nenhamba yemwedzi iyo munhu asina kuvharwa nehutano inshuwarheni kana kuti inokodzera kuita chimwe chinhu.
Muenzaniso, wakaenderera mberi . Henry naJane vane purogiramu yakaita mari yakawanda ye $ 285 uye mari yakawandisa mari ye $ 797. Nhamba huru yezviyero zviviri ndeye $ 797 (iyo yakawandisa mari yakawanda). Chirango chavo chemwedzi chairo chikamu chimwe chegumi nezviviri zve $ 797, kana $ 66.42. Isu tinozowedzera izvi nehuwandu hwemwedzi yavasina kuwana hutano hwehutano inshuwarheni kana kuti vakakodzera zvimwe. Ngatitange kufunga kuti hapana munhu akafanirwa kuti aite chimwe chinhu, uye hapana munhu ane inshuwalhu yehutano mukati megore. Saka tinowedzera mwedzi wekubhadhara mari ($ 66.42) nemwedzi gumi nembiri (nhamba yemwedzi pasina inshuwarisi yehutano), iyo iri $ 797. Uyu ndiwo mutsara waHenry naJane wechirwere chemwedzi wepamwedzi. (Muenzaniso unoenderera mberi.)
National Average Premium yeBronze-Level yehutano Inishuwarenzi
Nharaunda yevheji yenyika yebhangi-yepamusoro yekuvhara inoreva kuwedzera kwegoresi yepamuviri inowanika kuburikidza nehutano hwekuchengetedza kwehutano hwehutano-hutano hwehutano hutano hwemhuri. Bronze-level coverage ndeimwe yemhando dzehutano hwehutano hwehutano hunopiwa kuburikidza nehutano hwehutano hwehushuwarisi.
| National Average Premium yeBronze Level Plans ya2014 | |
| Mwedzi | Gore negore |
| $ 204 pamunhu | $ 2,448 pamunhu wese |
| $ 1,020 pamhuri ine mashanu kana kupfuura mitezo | $ 12,240 pamhuri ine vashanu kana kupfuura |
Mhedziso: Nzira yeRubatsiro 2014-46 (pdf), IRS.gov.
Cherechedza: iyo purogiramu yenyika yepamusoro yehuta yepamusoro yebhandi yegore ra2014 is $ 204 pamunhu mumwe pamwedzi. Iyi mari inosvika kudarika $ 1,020 pamwedzi yekugoverana kwemhuri mhuri ine nhengo mashanu kana kupfuura.
Muenzaniso, wakaenderera mberi. Henry naJane vane chikwereti chemari ye $ 797, inotarirwa semhosva inowanikwa pamwedzi yakawanda inowanikwa nemwedzi mumwe nomumwe yavakanga vasina kuvharwa nehutano inshuwarheni kana kuti vakakodzera zvimwe. Kuti vaverenge kubhadhara kwavanogoverwa, tinofananidza nhamba yemhosva yavo yemwedzi wepamusoro yakaenzana nehuwandu hwemari yehurumende yehuta yepamusoro yebhandi yemhuri yavo yevashanu; iyo inogoverwa mutoro kubhadhara ndeyezasi kwezviyero zviviri. Kwegore ra2014 kune mhuri ine vashanu kana kupfuura, nhamba yegore roga roga yekuburitsa-yepamusoro yepamusoro ye $ 12,240. Tinoenzanisa $ 797 kusvika ku $ 12,240, uye nhamba yakaderera i $ 797. Mumuenzaniso uyu, Henry naJane vane mutoro wekugoverana kubhadhara $ 797 pagore. Iyi mari inoshushwa pamutambo wavo wegore negore (kuruboshwe 61 rwegore ra2014 reFomu 1040). Iyi mari inoderedza mitero yavo yekubhadhara mitero kana kuwedzera kukosha kwavo zvichienderana. (End of Example.)
Nzira Yokubhadhara Mutoro Wakagoverwa Muripo
Kugoverwa kunotora chikwereti kunokonzerwa naEpril 15th inotevera kuguma kwegore. Kugoverwa kwemitoro inobhadharwa kunobhadharwa kuburikidza nekudzivirira, kuenzanirwa kubhadhara , kubhadharwa kwakaitwa nekuwedzera , kana kubhadhara mari apo kudzoka kwaiswa.
Ichokwadi kuti zvinogona kuitika kuti munhu angave akabhadhara mutero wakakwana kuburikidza nekudzivisa, kuongororwa, uye kubhadharwa kwemitero yakabhadharwa iyo yaisazofanira kuwedzera mari yekubhadhara zvakananga kubhadharwa kubhadhara. Muchiitiko ichi, muteresi achawana mari shoma yekubhadhara pamusana pekubhadharwa kwebasa rakagoverwa kuwedzerwa kune mutero wavo wose wekuteresa.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvisinei, izvo zvakabatanidzwa mutoro kubhadhara zvinogona kuchinja izvo zvingadai zvichange zviripo kudzorerwa mune chikwereti chinofanira, kana kuti kuwedzera muyero wakakodzera. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, munhu wacho anobhadhara chero chikwereti chinofanira kuitwa musi weChirungu wa15 April. Munhu wacho angadawo kuongorora uye kugadzirisa kubvisa kwavo kana kukweretwa kwavanofungidzirwa kwegore razvino kuti vadzivirire kuva nemari yakatarwa pamutero wegore rinotevera.
Kana munhu asingabhadhari chikwereti chakagoverwa chikwereti, ipapo IRS inotumira mutsara wezveruzhinji kuti ukumbire kubhadhara. Kufarira kunowedzera pane zvisina kubhadhara kugoverwa kubhadhara mutoro kubva pazuva rakakodzera rebhadharo. Zvisinei, IRS haibvumirwi kuongorora nguva yekubhadharwa kwekubhadhara , kubudisa chiziviso che federal tax bond kana kukwereta mubhadharo wemunhu kana bhangi yebhangi chero ipi zvayo isina kubhadhara inobhadhara mutoro wemhosva. I IRS inogona uye ichaderedza kushandiswa kwemitero yemberi yemunguva yemberi inofanira kubhadhara mutero usingabhadharwi kubhadhara mutoro. IRS ine makore gumi kubva pazuva rokuisa kudzoka kunotora chero kupi zvako kusingabhadharwi kubhadhara mutoro.
Kana munhu asingakwanisi kubhadhara chikwereti chavo chakagoverwa kubhadharwa zvakakwana, nzira yakanakisisa yekuita ingave kubvunzurudza unyanzvi hwekuteresi kana kuti kudana IRS kuti iongorore kuti zvipi zvingawanikwa. Chimwe chisarudzo chaizova kuisa chirongwa chemwedzi wekubhadhara .
Nhaurwa Nyaya
- Mirayiridzo yeFomu 8965 ine mapepa ekushanda kwekuverenga kugoverwa kwebasa rakagoverwa.
- Izvo zvakabatanidzwa zvakabhadharwa kubhadhara, kana iripo, inoratidzwa pamutsara 61 wegore ra2014 reFomu 1040
- Iko Mumwe Nomubhadharo Wekugoverwa Pamunhu - An Overview (IRS.gov)
- Mibvunzo neMhinduro Pamunhu Mumwe Nomutoro Wekugoverwa (IRS.gov)
- Kuparidzirwa 5185, Chokwadi pamusoro pekuita Mutoro wekugoverwa Mutero (pdf, IRS.gov)
- Internal Revenue Code chikamu 5000A (Legal Information Institute paC Cornell University Law School)
- Nhepfenyuro Mitemo Zvikamu 1.5000A-1, 1.5000A-2, 1.5000A-3, 1.5000A-4, uye 1.5000A-5 (Legal Information Institute paC Cornell University Law School)