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Mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi dzakasiyana siyana uye dzinoshandiswa.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi dzinobudiswa maererano nema mechanical uye muviri zvakakosha kuti zvishandiswe. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzokugadzirisa dzinoshandiswa kusiyanisa mabasi anovakirwa pazvivako, izvo zvinosanganisira kuwanda, kuoma, kunyauka, kutenderera kweutsi, simba, uye hutambudzi (pakati pevamwe). Kuita zvipiko zvakasiyana, vashandi vanosiyana-siyana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvesimbi, nzira yekugadzira, uye nzira iyo mahofisi anoshandiswa kuita michina yakasiyana.

Maererano neAmerican Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), mahofisi anogona kuiswa mumapoka mana zvichienderana nemakemikari avo:

1. Carbon Steels
2. Alloy Steels
3. Stainless Steels
4. Tool Steels

Properties of Carbon Steels

Carbon steels mashizha anoshandiswa kubva kusanganiswa kwesimbi uye carbon. Nokusiyanisa chikamu chekhabhoni, zvinokwanisika kubudisa simbi nemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Pakati pese, yakakwirira kabhoni yepamusoro yakasimba uye inowedzera kubwinya kwesimbi.

Low carbon steel dzimwe nguva inonzi "yakaitwa iron." Zviri nyore kushanda uye zvinogona kushandiswa pakugadzirisa zvinhu zvakadai sekudzivirira kana matambi. Medium carbon steel yakasimba kwazvo uye inowanzoshandiswa kune zvivako zvakadai semabhiriji. High carbon steel inoshandiswa kunyanya kune faira. Ultra high carbon steel, iyo inonziwo "yakagadzirwa simbi," inoshandiswa potsotsi nezvimwe zvinhu. Kunyange zvazvo iri tsvina yakaoma kwazvo, inenge iine brittle.

Properties of Alloy Steels

Mazai emagetsi anonyanya kutaurwa nokuti anogadzirwa nediki shoma imwechete kana yakawanda kunze kwesimbi. Kuwedzerwa kwemaalloys kunoshandura nzvimbo yezvivako. Semuenzaniso, simbi yakaitwa kubva kune iron, chromium, uye nickel inobereka simbi isina tsvina. Kuwedzerwa kwealuminium kunogona kuita simbi yakawanda pakuonekwa.

Sirasi yakawedzerwa manganese inowedzera zvakaoma uye yakasimba.

Properties of Stainless Steels

Sesivha isina masere iri pakati pe10-20% chromium, zvichiita kuti simbi isagadzikane zvikuru nehuroti (rusting). Apo simbi inenge inopfuura 11% yekromium, inenge kaviri kaviri inopikisana nehurosi sezvivheri zvisina chromium. Iko kune mapoka matatu emashizha asina tsvina:

• Austenitic steels, iyo yakanyanya kwazvo mu chromium, inewo zvishoma zvidhinari uye carbon. Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira zvokudya uye kupinza. Ivo vanokoshesa, muchidimbu, nokuti havasi magnetic.
• Ferritic steels inenge inenge 15% yekromium asi inongoratidzira huwandu hweakabhoni nemashizha esimbi zvakadai se molybdenum, aluminium, kana titanium. Aya mavheti ane magnetic, akaoma zvikuru uye akasimba, uye anogona kusimbiswa zvakare nekushanda kushanda.
• Matavi eMartensitic ane makero akawanda echromium, nickel, uye carbon, Iwo ane magnetic uye anopisa-kuporesa. Matavi echivimbiso anowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakadai semapanga uye zvigadzirwa zvokuvhiya.

Properties of Tool Tora

Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzinogara dzakasimba, zvinopisa zvinopisa zvine tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, uye vanadium. Zvinoshandiswa, hazvishamisi, kuita zvishandiso zvakadai se drills.

Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvishandiso zvinoshandiswa, zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvealloy.