Zvinhu, Zvigadzirwa uye Applications zveTin

Tin isimbi yakanyorova, yakachena-yakavhara-yakachena uye yakajeka uye inonyorera. Sezvo zvakanyorova, tini haisati yashandiswa sesimbi yakachena; panzvimbo pacho, inosanganiswa nedzimwe simbi kuitira kuti zvive zvigaro zvine tini yakawanda inobatsira. Izvi zvinosanganisira yakaderera kushaya chekuita uye kukwirira kwakasimba kurara . Tin uyewo zvose zvinogona kushandiswa (zviri nyore kuwedzera uye kuumba pasina kuputsa) uye ductile (inokwanisa kutambanudzwa isina kuputika).

Properties

• Atomic Symbol: Sn
• Atomic Number: 50
• Element Category: Post-transition Metal
• Kuwanda kwevanhu: 7.365g / cm3
• Melting Point: 231.9 ° C (449.5 ° F)
• Boiling Point: 2602 ° C (4716 ° F)
• Kuoma kwaMos: 1.5

Kugadzirwa

Tin inowanzobudiswa kubva kumigodhi cassiterite, iyo yakaitwa-inenge inenge 80% tini. Yese tini inowanikwa mune zvose zvigadziro, marwizi, uye maimbova marwizi, zvichiguma nekuderera kwemitumbi yakare ine tsvina. China neIndonesia iye zvino ndivo vanogadzira zvikuru munyika. Tin inonongerwa pamatambo ekusvika kusvika 2500 ° F (1370 ° C) nekoro kuti ibudise zvakaderera zvakachena uye CO ₂ gasi. Izvo zvino zvinonatswa kuchena zvakakwana (> 99%) tin metal kuburikidza nekubikira, kunwa doro kana kuti electrolytic nzira.

Applications

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvezuva rega zvatinosangana neatini, zvakadai se "tin cans" uye "tinfoil", chaizvoizvo zvinonyadzisa. Zvidhinha zveti tin, chaizvoizvo, zvakagadzirwa kubva kumakamuri anonzi tinplate, iyo insimbi yesimbi yakave yakaputirwa nesimbi yakatsetseka yeti.

Tinplate inobatanidza simba resimbi neinini yakasviba, kurwisa kwehurosi, uye kuderedza chepfu. Zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe zvezana zve tinplate zvinoshandiswa kugadzira (tin) makoti ezvokudya nezvimwe zvinwiwa, zvigadziriswa, mafuta, mafuta, peint uye mamwe makemikari. Kunyange zvazvo tini inongogadzira zviduku zvishoma pamatplate, iyo indasitiri ndiyo inoshandiswa zvikuru kune tini pasi rese.

Tinfoil, kune rumwe rutivi, ingave yakagadzirwa kubva kune tinini kwenguva pfupi mukati mezana remakore rechi20, asi nhasi inongogadzirwa chete kubva kune aluminium.

Kushandiswa kweatini alloys kunogona kudhindwa kumashure mazana emakore. Bronze zvigadzirwa (bhandi isimbi yemhangura uye tini), kusanganisira masheche, mirati, uye zvikwekwe, zvakawanikwa munzvimbo kubva kuzuva ranhasi yeEgipita kuenda kuChina. Tin yaivewo yakagadzirwa nemutungamiri kwemakore emakore kuitira kuti iite pewter kettles, pots, makapu, uye mahwendefa. Kuziva nezvehutano husina kunaka hwehutungamiri, kuvhara nhasi kunogadzirwa kubva kune alloying tin, antimony uye cobalt .

Basa reTin rakawanda remazuva ano rakafanana nekugadzirisa zvemashini yemagetsi. Iyo inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye mashizha (kazhinji neine mutungamiri kana indium), tine masoja ane nzvimbo yakanyunguduka, iyo inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kusungirirwa zvinhu.

Zvinyorwa zveTin zvinogonawo kuwanikwa mune zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa, kusanganisira mabheji eBabitt (kazhinji akashandiswa nemhangura, mutungamiri kana antimony), zvikamu zvemotokari (zvakagadzirwa nesimbi ), mazino amalgams (akashandiswa nesirivha) uye aerospace metsi (yakashandiswa nealuminium uye titanium ). Alloys ye zirconium (inowanzonzi Zircaloys), inoshandiswa mune zvombo zvenyukireya, uye inowanzo ine zviduku zveatini.