Zvine Zvakanakisisa Kupi Zvipo Kumwana Kuburikidza neUTMA kana Trust Trust?
Uye iwe unofanirwa kuziva izvi kuti uone kuti ndezvipi zvakakodzera mhuri yako, kana kuti mamiriro ezvinhu angave ane nguva yakareba, yakawandisa pamusoro pokuti mari inodzivirirwa sei, iyo inotarisira mari, uye kuti iyo inogona kuiswa sei kushanda . Chinangwa changu mukunyora nyaya ino ndechekupa huwandu hwepamusoro hwezvinhu zvimwe zvaunogona kufunga paunenge uchisarudza kuti unoda kubatsira wechidiki kufambira mberi muupenyu muupenyu hwake nekuvaka hupfumi hwavo.
UTMA chii? UTMA Inogadziriswa sei? Ndeipi Kubatsira uye Kukanganisa kweUTMAs?
Ngatishandisei kuUTMAs. Zvichitaurwa, UTMA inorudzi rwehutano hwehuyo hunosimbiswa pasi pehurumende yeUniform Transfer to Minors Act uye inoshanda senzira yokuti mwana muduku ave nepfuma. Kana imwe nheyo inonzi ine mwana pasi pemutemo weUTMA, mwana anova muridzi wezvinhu. Chipo hachichinjiki, zvinoreva kuti hachigone kuregererwa kana kuchinjwa.
Zvisinei, kusvikira mwana asvika muzera rehuwandu sezvinotsanangurwa mumagwaro matsamba eUTMA, kana kuti, asiripo tsanangudzo, sezvinotsanangurwa mumutemo wehurumende, iye haana kodzero yekuwana kana kutarisira mari. Pane kudaro, nzvimbo yacho inobatwa muzita redziviriri, kuitira kuti mwana abatsirwe. Kunyange zvazvo UTMA inogona kushandiswa kune inenge ipi zvayo yemhando, kusanganisira zvivako, chidziro chepfungwa, zvigadzirwa zvinokosha, uye uhu huri mumhuri kushamwaridzana , tinotaurirana pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana, ari kuita kuti mwana muduku ave nekutora yematokari , zvisungo , uye mari inobatanidza , kusanganisira mari yekuenzanisa .
Nokudaro, nzira iri nyore yekugadzira UTMA ndeyokuzarura kambani yekuchengetedza yaUTMA newavatengesi-mutengesi. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa chero mubasa rese broker kana shorter broker .
Mufananidzo unogona kubatsira. Fungidzira kuti baba veMissouri-based, Thomas Smith, vakagadzira UTMA kumwanasikana wavo, Jane Smith. Uyezve, fungidzira kuti aida kuzvitumidza zita rekuchengetedza, uye aida kuisa zvinhu zvacho kune zuva rekupedzisira rinogona kuitwa pasi peMissin UTMA statue, iyo ine makore makumi maviri nemashanu. Kuti aite izvozvo, Tomasi aizogadzira kambani yeUTMA yekuchengetedza pane imwe kambani yemari yekutengeserana, iine yekodhi nemafuta iyo inonzi "Thomas Smith Custodian kwaJane Smith Pasi peMissus Uniform Kuendesa Kune Vaduku Mutemo Kusvikira Iva Nemakore 21" kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakafanana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusvikira musikana wake, Jane Smith, anoshandura makore makumi maviri nemashanu, Thomas Smith ane simba rose pamusoro peimba yeUTMA. Ndiye iye anofanirwa kutenga kutenga uye kutengesa zvisarudzo zvekutsvaga kana, sezvinowanzoitwa munyaya yezvipfumi dzemhuri dzine zvikwata zvinosangana nezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kunze kwebasa basa kune kambani yezvigadzirwa zvemuchena.
Urongwa uhwu hune zvimwe zvinobatsira zvikuru. Mukuru pakati pezvinhu izvi ndechokuti zvinhu zvinobva kumwana, kwete muchengeti.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, kusiyana, ichiti, Purogiramu yePoji 529 Yokuchengetedza kana bhangi yebhangi nemubereki akanyorwa sevadzidzi vemu joint, kana mubereki kana chekuchengetedza faira iri, mari yacho haifaniri kuonekwa sechikamu chebhadhadzi yeimba nokuti ivo vari mwana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mari inowanzosvikika kubva kumabhadhara emubereki (kana, kana mubereki asiri muchengeti, muchengeti wechikwereti) inofanirwa kubhadhara mari yematambudziko. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinorevawo kuti zvinhu zvicharamba zvichirwisana nemucheche paanenge achiverenga rubatsiro rwemari yekodhiji yekoroji.
Kutaura kuti zvinhu zveUTMA ndezvomwana zvinotangawo humwe hutoro uye kuoma. Zvinhu zviviri zvinouya mupfungwa pakarepo.
Kutanga: Sekuchengetedza UTMA, Tomasi anoremekedzwa nemutemo kuti ave sangano reJane.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti anofanira kugara achiisa kufarira kwomwanasikana wake kupfuura zvake sezvaanotaura nezvezvinhu zviri mubvunzo. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyange kana Tomasi ndiye aimboita chipo icho chakava chivako cheUTMA. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinoda kuiswa pachena uye kudzokororwa. Iwe unogona kuyeuka kuti wakadzidza mune imwe nyaya inonzi Kana Uri Kutengesa UTMA Yomwana Wako Mari, Iwe Zvimwe Unoputsa Mutemo , Jane ane mamwe kodzero. Paanosvika kuzera apo UTMA inoguma, anogona kukumbira dare kuti "kumanikidzira kuverenga" kubva kune fiduciary, baba vake. Izvi zvinoreva kuti baba vake vaizofanira kutora magwaro nemisiti inoratidza apo mari yose yemari yeUTMA yakaenda-yakawanda yakagamuchirwa, yakawanda sei yakashandiswa, yakawanda yakaiswa sei, mazuva ekutengeserana, kushandiswa kwemari, nezvimwewo. - kururamisira kana chimwe chezvacho chakashandiswa paJane sechiri kufarira. Uyezve, imwe nhengo yedare yakawana kuti zvisungo zvakaitwa naTomasi sechimwe chikamu chekuva mubereki, sekudai mari yekurapa kuchengetedza hupenyu hwaJane, inofanira kubva kuna Thomas uye kwete kubva pamari yaakapa UTMA sekushandisa rekupedzisira raizova kudzvinyirira kubva kumwanasikana wake. Pakave nemamiriro ezvinhu apo mareji akaraira UTMA kuchengetedza mwana kubhadhara mari yezvose zvakabiwa kana kuti zvisina kukanganisa mari pamwe nezvinodiwa uye / kana kuti mari inotengeswa kare. (Ichokwadi iwe haunzwi pamusoro pezviitiko izvi zvinowanzova chirevo chechokwadi chokuti vana vakawanda havakwanisi kuedza kutumira mubereki wavo kumusungwa asi kusanganisa, zvinoita kuti vanhu vagare pamwe nemhosva zvinowanikwa ipapo.)
Chechipiri: Nemhaka yekuti zvinhu zviri zvemwana, izvi zvinoreva kuti mwana akazara, uye akazadza, anotarisira kuti iyo iyo inoshandiswa sei kana yasvika panguva iyo UTMA inoguma. Kana iwe ukaisa mari muUTMA kutarisira kuti mwanakomana wako kana mwanasikana wako kuenda kuchikoro chemazino, hapana chakavadzivisa kutora mari, kutyaira kuLas Vegas, uye kuipedza zvose pamagumo ekupera kwemashure ekudarika uye upenzi. Uyu ndiwo mutengo waunofanira kubhadhara nokuda kwehutano hweUTMA hwehutungamiri, hutengo hushoma, uye hunenge husingadi kushandiswa muhupenyu hwake hwose (kufungidzira, zvechokwadi, iwe uri kushanda nezvinhu zvakashata zviri nyore zvakadai sezvikwata zvinowanzosungwa uye zvisungo zvehurumende zvakachengetwa nemari sangano rinopa zvinyorwa zvenguva dzose zvekambani). Kune dzimwe nzira dzingaita kuti kuderedzwa uku kunetseke asi ivo vashoma. MuPennsylvania, somuenzaniso, zvinokwanisika kugadzira UTMA mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu asingazogumi kusvikira mwana asvika pamakore makumi maviri nemashanu, izvo zvakakura kudarika zvinotenderwa mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda.
Kunyange iri tsananguro inonyengera uye isina kururama - vapfumi vanonyanya kushandisa mikana yeUTMA kupfuura varombo, kupa vana vavo mari, pfuma, kana kuchengetedzwa kuburikidza neUTMA - UTMA dzakatsanangurwa se "murombo murume's trust fund" nokuti vanopa zvimwe zvekunakira mari yekuchengetedza pasina mari yakawanda yezvokushandisa uye yekuchengetedza zvinoda. Muzvokwadi, vana vevapfumi vanogona kunge vane UTMA uye vanovimba nemari.
Chii Chinonzi Trust Trust? Ndeapi Kuvimbwa Kwemari Yakagadzirirwa? Ndeipi Kubatsira uye Kukanganisika kweTrust Funds?
A trust is constructed law that creates when assets are set aside for the benefit of someone who does not control those assets. Kunyanya, ngatitarise inter vivos trust funds, iyo inotendwa iyo yakasikwa munguva yehupenyu hweaibatsira. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu aya, munhu, anozivikanwa semupepeti, anosarudza kuti iye anoda kuisa pfuma pfuma - mari, pfuma, zvivimbiso, hazvibatsiri - kubatsira mumwe munhu kana boka revanhu, vanozivikanwa sevanowana ruzivo kana vanobatsirwa. Munhu anopa mvumo anoda kuti nzvimbo iyi iitwe nenzira imwe neimwe, pane imwe nzira yemashoko, kutevera zvavanoda. Vatsigiri vemupepeti vanotora gwaro rezvemitemo rinozivikanwa sechimbo chekuvimba. Ichi chimbo chekuvimba chinoreva zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye tsanangudzo pamusoro pekuvimba, iyo inogona kusanganisira mirayiridzo yekuti mari inofanira kuiswa sei, mamiriro ekubhadhara mari, uye nhamba ipi yezvimwe zvinhu. Chimbo chekuvimba chinoshandisa mutasitiri, munhu kana chikwata chakange chiine musoro wezvinhu kuti zvibatsire avo vanobatsirwa uye ndiani kana anofanira kutora mukana wekutarisira . Dzimwe nguva, kuvimba kunotumidzawo izvo zvinonzi "chidziviriro chekuvimba", kazhinji shamwari yepedyo yemhuri, uyo anokwanisa kubvisa mutasitiri kana kuita mamwe mabasa kuti ashumire se cheki pamasimba emutrusti. Kazhinji, asi kwete nguva dzose, uyo anopa rubatsiro ndiye achava mutrasti munguva yeupenyu hwake, achitumidza mutsigiri anotsiva kuti atore kana achinge afa kana kuti asingakwanisi.
Kana chivimbo ichi chisingachinjiki, zvichireva kuti hachigoni kuchinjwa kana kusadzingiswa, chivimbo chichawana gwaro rekutsvaga nhamba yaro yechiratidzo, inofanirwa kutora mutero wayo pamwe nehurumende nehurumende yehurumende, uye kubhadhara mitero pane zvimwe zvisingabhadharwi kuwana. Trust trust fund rates inomanikidzwa kuitira kuti zvitendi zvirove mabhakisi emitero akakwirira zvakakurumidza kupfuura iwe waizoita nemunhu mumwe kana wekambani yekubhadhara mutero. Ichi chaiva chikonzero cheCongress kudai, kubva pamagariro ehurumende, kudzivisa kusikwa kwezvitendero izvo zvakakonzera zvisingaregereri kumarudzi ose, kuunganidza mari yakaipa yemadhora uye kusika mazuva ano anristocracy. Kufunga kunofamba kuti nekukurudzira zvikuru kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvekutendesa, mari inowanzoshandiswa kana kupiwa, kubatsira vanhu.
Chinhu chikuru chekushandisa kushandisa trust fund ndeyokuti inogona kunge yakasikwa iwe pachako kuti iite zvido zvako. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kushandura chero mhinduro chero ipi zvayo yakapiwa kuti haina kukanganisa kutsanangurira kwehutongi kuti iyo inonyadzisa inopesana nehurumende yevanhu; somuenzaniso, iwe haugoni kuita mamiriro ekuchengetwa kwemari yebhadharo kune uyo anowana mukana anoramba ari nhengo yeimwe chitendero, achiroora mumwe wemusasa mumwe chete, kana kuvadzivisa kuroora mumwe wevanhukadzi. Semuenzaniso, unogona kugadzira izvo zvinonzi "kukurudzira kuvimba" zvinokonzera kubhadharwa zvinobva kune munhu anobatsira kuwana humwe hutano hukuru hwehupenyu, hwakadai sokupedza chikoro chemakore mana emakore panguva isina makore anopfuura mashanu ane imwe bhangi shoma chirevo chavhareji kana kuti kuenzanisa mari yavanoisa mumabhengi ekurega mari pamadhora-ne-dollar, zvichivapa nekushandisa mari kuti vafare.
Kunze kwehuwandu hwehutano hwehutungamiri, mari yekutenda ine imwe huru yakashata, iyo inodhura. Kuvimba kunoda nguva, kushanda, uye imwe chikwereti kutaridzirwa kwetirasi. Vatariri, kunyanya vadzidzisi vevashandi, vanowanzobhadharwa. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uine bhaini-vanilla trust fund iyo yakananga-yakadai, iwe unobva shure $ 500 000 kumwana kana muzukuru ane zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana mubhadharo kutanga pamusi wekuzvarwa kwekuzvarwa kwechipiri uye kuvimba kwekugoverana zvinhu zvayo zvose pamakore makumi matatu ekuberekwa kwavo - iwe unogona kushandisa maitiro ezvimbo yakadai saVanguard. Munyaya yaVanguard, iwe unorasikirwa nehuwandu hwekwanisa kutenga zvivimbiso zvemunhu mumwe nomumwe, asi, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinotengeswa zvepakati pemari yemari yakasarudzwa inosarudzwa, mari yako yose inosanganisira-kusanganisira yese kunze kwemitero inenge ichitamba anenge 1.57 muzana pagore wekutungamira, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanaka. (Izvo hazvisi mvumo yeVanguard.Ndiri kungovashandisa kuratidza hutengo hwekugadzirisa humwe humwe hukuru hweboka rezvematongerwo enyika hunokwanisawo kushanda somutariri wezvematongerwo enyika.) Kana wakanga uine chivimbo chakaoma, iyo mari inogona kunge yakakwirira zvakanyanya asi iyo inongova upenyu. Shingai nazvo kana kugadzirira kupfuurira muguva renyu. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uri muzvinabhizimisi akabudirira ane hupenyu hwehupenyu hwakaipa - chimwe chinhu chave chichizivikanwa kuti chiitike - fungidzira kana iwe wakasiyira makumi ezviuru zveamahekeri e timberland zvaireva kubatsira vana vazhinji kuburikidza nehukama hwakawanda nenzira iyo mubereki wepamutemo wemucheche akanga asina kuwana mari, achibatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti iwe-kunze kwechinyakare, uye yako-kunze kwechinyakare chete, yakaguma yakafuma. Paunenge uchipfuura, iyo nyanzvi yezvisikwa ichadikanwa kutarisirwa uye / kana inogona kutengeswa. Kana iwe uine mamiriro mazhinji akaiswa zvakanaka mumutendi, zvichatora kutora zvakakodzera uye kutarisira kuitungamirira. Iva akagadzirira kubhadhara zvakanyanya zvimwe; Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzepakati pegore dzingave zvisingafungi. Iko mari yekupa rugare rwepfungwa kuti basa rehupenyu hwako haringazoparadzwi. Kana, zvisinei, kuti mikana yebasa rehupenyu hwako iri kupararira yakaderedzwa zvikuru uye yakasarudzwa kune mumwe kana vamwe vanobatsirwa. Ndinonyatsoratidza kuti iyi haisi nzvimbo yaunoda kutora bhora rakaderera. Zvechokwadi, ita nechokwadi kuti mari inonzwisisika uye in-line nemashandisirwo emakambani asi, pakupedzisira, maitirwo emabasa uye zvigadziriswa zvakakosha zvakanyanya sekutsvaga kwekuita basa maererano nechinotarisana paunotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana akarondedzerwa. Kana kusingapindira S & P 500 ne 2 muzana pagore inodhura yekutarisira kuti mwana wako wefa haagari mumaoko emaye akaroorana naye, zvinogona kuva mari yakashandiswa zvakanaka.
Iyo Inobvisa Mubvunzo - Ndeipi Inofananidzira, UTMA kana Trust Trust?
Sezvaunenge uchifungidzirwa, uchitarisa kana UTMA kana kuti fund trust iri nani mune chero ipi zvayo mamiriro ezvinhu inobva pane zvimwe zvinhu. Izvo zvitatu zvakakosha ndezvi:
- Mari yaunenge uchitarisa kugadzirisa mwana muduku. Kazhinji, asi kwete nguva dzose, zviduku zvishoma, kunyanya iwe unoda kuenda neUTMA kunyange, zvakare, zvinoratidzika sekuti imhuri yepfumi inoshandisa mikana yeUTMA yakawanda, ichivabatanidza nemari yekuvimba ye zvinangwa.
- Izvo zvipingamupinyi zvaunoda kuisa pamari. Kana iwe ukatsigira zvachose kuti mari inoshandiswa kune chimwe chinangwa - zvakare, mukati memiganhu yenharaunda yevanhu inobvumirwa nematare ehurumende sezvo mari iri muchivimbo haisisiri yako - UTMA haisi kuzove yakanaka.
- Chido chekuchengetedzwa kwemari. Vatongi vakanaka vanowanzoshandisa mari yekuvimba mune nzira dzakangwara dzekudzivirira vanobatsira pane zvingangogoneka neUTMA. Izvi zvingasava zvakanaka nguva dzose kubva pakuona kwekubudirira - semuenzaniso, mudzidzi wekusekondari uyo anodhakwa, anotyaira, uye unouraya mumwe munhu angangodaro ane UTMA yefa yakaiswa mumhosva yezvakagadzikana apo zvingava zvakaoma zvikuru kupinda mu kutendeseka-yakagadzirirwa kuvimbwa, kunyanya kana kune vanogona kubatsirwa kana kuti vakasara. (Kana uchitaura nezvekuvimba kwemari, remaindermen ndivo vanhu vanogara nhaka yekutendwa muitiko iyo muwani anofa.Semuenzaniso, kana iwe wakasika chivimbo chinopa mari yekuwana mwana wako, ndokubva ataura, paakafa, mutungamiriri wevose chaiva chokuenda kuvana vavo, kana, zvichida, rudo, vana kana charity zvaizova zvakasara.)
Pane imwe nzvimbo, iyi inzvimbo iyo iwe unonyatsodikanwa kuva nehurukuro yakakomba nevarayiridzi vako vanokwanisa, kusanganisira gweta gweta, CPA iyo inowirirana nekutengesa mitero, uye, zvichienderana nezvinhu, zvichida mubhadhari wekubhadhara mari yakanyoresa, kunyanya kana uri kuita nemari yakawanda yakawanda yemari.