Aya anozivikanwa se zero coupon bonds. Zvimwe zvipfeko zvine ropafadzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakabatanidzwa kwavari, dzakadai sokukwanisa kuchinjwa kuti zvive nhengo dzakafanana pamashoko chaiwo, mazuva chaiwo, uye pamatengo chaiwo (anozivikanwa zvakakodzera se "kushandiswa kwezvisungo";
Zvikwereti zvinogona kubudiswa nemarudzi ose ehurumende uye hurumende dzinosanganisira hurumende dzehurumende (dzinonzi sovereign bonds; muUnited States, zvinoreva kuti Mari yeHurumende nezvisungo zvekuchengetedza ), hurumende dzehurumende (dzinozivikanwa sehurumende dzisungo ), makambani (anozivikanwa sehutano hwekambani ) , nezvimwewo. Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvitsva zvezvisungo, zvichibva pakuona kwechibvumirano chebvumirano, ndechokuti dzinoderedza mari yekudhura. Funga bhizimisi rinokurumidza kukura nepamusoro kudzoka pane zvinhu , pamwe neresitorendi ichizarura nokukurumidza nzvimbo itsva. Nokushandisa mari yakabhadharwa nemashoko anofadza, kambani inogona kuzarura dzimwe nzvimbo nokukurumidza pane zvingave zvichiita.
Izvi zvinowedzera kudzoka kune hutano nekuda kwezvinhu zvitatu zvawakadzidza pamusoro pekukurukurirana kweDuPont kudzoka pamuenzaniso wehutano .
Zvikwereti zvinotaridzirwa nehutano hwemasangano ehurumende. Pamusoro pekuongororwa kune izvo zvinonzi bhajiro yezvikwata zvebato uye Triple A rated bonds ndiyo yakanakisisa yekanakisisa.
Pasi pane zvipfeko zvisingaiti . Sezvo mutemo wehurumende, iyo yakakwirira bhizinesi rekutsvaga, iyo yakaderera chikamu chekufarira kubhadhara nokuti pane zvishoma zvinonzwisisika pangozi inosanganisira kuva nezvisungo; ndiko kuti, mikana inofanirwa kuva yakakwirira kuti iwe ucharipiridzwa, zvose guru uye chido, nenguva uye zvakakwana.
Zvikwereti zvinowanzokwikwidzana nemamwe masimari zvakadai semari yemari makambani uye mari yemusika mari , zvitikiti zvekuisa uye kuchengetedza mabhuku . Vashandi vanobatwa kune avo vanoita sevanopa hurumende yekutengeserana pakati pengozi uye chibereko chero nguva ipi zvayo. Chimwe nechimwe chine zvipo zvakasiyana uye zvinokanganisa kune avo vanotsvaka mari yekusagadzikana uye avo vasingadi kunetseka pamusoro pekugadzikana kunouya nekugovana zvikwereti kana mari inokonzera kukohwa kwemaimba .
Imwe ngozi yakawanda mukutsvaga kwekuita mari kubva kuzvisungo ndeyekutengesa. Zvimwe zvibatanidza, zvakadai seChitsauko Izvisungo zvekuchengetedza uye TIP zvine zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekuchengetedzwa kwekuzvidzivirira kubva kuhupfumi hwezvinhu zvinokonzera simba rekutsvaga kwevatengi asi vatengi havaiti nguva dzose nenzira yakangwara. Kana iwe usina chokwadi izvi, tarisa zvakaitika zvisati zvaitika kare kare muEurope. Vashandi vanoona nezvekutsvaga mari vaitenga makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu ekukwirirana kwemakore pamakore ekuderera kwechirwere chezvibereko, zvose asi vachivimbisa kuti, munguva refu, vanorasikirwa nezvose zvavanogona kutenga.
Iyo nzira yeAsinine yekuzvibata asi vanhu dzimwe nguva vanorasikirwa nemafungiro avo, vanosvika pakukohwa kana vachifanira kugutsikana kugara pamari yemari , panzvimbo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvisungo hazvisi nguva dzakachengeteka kudarika mashizha apo iwe unotanga kutarisa mufananidzo mukuru pane kugadzikana uri oga.
Kusarudza kuti mari yakawanda inofanira kuiswa sei muzvisungo kunobva pane zvakasiyana-siyana. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akasiyana nemutengari kune mutengesi, anokonzerwa nezvose kubva kune mari inotengeswa kune dzimwe nzira dzinowanikwa chero ipi zvayo mumatengesi makuru. Vashandi vashomanana vanowanzoisa mari muhutano mari kuti vawane huwandu hwakasiyana-siyana sezvo hutano hwevanhu hunodiwa hunofanira kutengwa muzvikamu zve $ 5,000 kana $ 10 000 panguva yekuwana mutengo wakanaka, kunyange iwe unogona kunge uine $ 2,000 kana $ 3,000 kana uri kutenga kubva aine mari yakaderera mutengesi ane mari yakawanda yekusungirwa kwehutachiwana pane imwe nyaya yaunofunga.
Iwe unowana purogiramu yakanakisisa yakawanda iyo yakakura ibwe raunowana. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mabhizimisi ekuchengetedza kwemafasi , mabhairidzi ekubhadhara mashizha , uye masangano emari anowanzova nehuwandu hwekutsvaga mari kune vatengi vanoda kuve nemakambani avo akachengetedzwa pane zvakachengetedzwa zvingagadziriswa (isu tichiri kushanda pane zvakananga asi kuti tikupe pfungwa zvekukura kwekudiwa, pfuma yangu yekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa, izvo zvandinotarisira pfuma yangu yemhuri pamwe chete nehupfumi hwehupfumi hwepamusoro uye hwepamusoro hwevanhu, mhuri, uye masangano, isu tiri kuronga kuisa huwandu hwemari yakagadzirirwa mari $ 500,000 kana kupfuura). Pamusoro pekukwira, munguva ino yekuderera mutengo, mutero wekugadzirisa mari yakabhadhara kazhinji inowanikwa zvakanyanya kudarika pane kuenzaniswa kweakaunti. Zvaisazova zvisingaoneki kuona mabheji akachengetwa akachengetwa nemari inenge iripo kubva pa 0.50% kusvika ku75% kune vashandi vane zvikwereti zvinokosha pakati pe $ 1 mamiriyoni uye $ 10 mamiriyoni.
Chimwe chikamu chezvikamu zvevashandi vezvisungo vanotsvaka mvumo yekutsvaga mari inozivikanwa sekuchengetedzwa kwemari . Izvi ndezvokuti mari inotengeswa muzvisungo inowanzosakwanisa kubhadharwa, yakadai seyakagamuchira kubva kutengeswa kwemabhizimisi emhuri pashure pemakore, makumi emakore, kana zvizvarwa zvebasa, yakagamuchira kubva pabasa shoma asi rakakosha zvikuru sevadzidzi vezvemitambo, rakagara nhaka, kana rakawanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwose hwebasa apo muchengeti wezvisungo akwegura zvikuru asina tarisiro yehupenyu yakakwana uye / kana hutano hwekuvaka patsva kana hwakarasika. Nguva nenguva, mamwe marudzi evatengesi anokwezva kumusika wezvisungo, kazhinji zvipenzi zvinoreva zvakanaka zvinoshandisa kuvhara kutenga zvigadziriswa zvisungo zvisiri izvo, zvinowanzoita kuti zvive nemari yakawanda kwenguva pfupi isati yasvika mumaso avo uye ivo vimbise iyo kuti uwane hupenyu chete kuti uone kutenderera kuchidzokorora pachako makore 10 kana makumi maviri gare gare.
Pakupedzisira, mamwe emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinosungirwa kupa vadzidzisi vadzo dzinosanganisira kukwanisa nguva chaiyo kubuda kwemari. Nekuvaka nheyo dzehutano nekuwana zvibvumirano nedzimwe nguva dzakarongwa dzekubhadhara kubhadhara, mutengesi anogona kubatsira kuti mari inowanika panguva chaiyo yaanoda. Uyezve, humwe hutano hwakave nemitero yakasiyana. Funga nezvezvinobatsira zvekuisa mari mumasisita emasungwa . Hausi iwe chete unopa mari yekuvaka sangano rako rekugara - zvikoro, zvipatara, mabhedheni, mabhiriji, uye mararamiro ose ehupfumi - asi, achifunga kuti iwe unotevera mitemo uye unowana rudzi rwakanaka rwehutano hunobva panzvimbo yako, unofanirwa kuva kukwanisa kunakidzwa nemari isina mari, uyewo kufarira hakubhadharwi nemitero. Iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe unoteerera kutarisa kwemafairo , kunyange zvakadaro. Semuenzaniso, haufaniri kumbotora mabhizimisi emunharaunda mushure meRoth IRA .
Ndanyora zvakawanda pamusoro pezvisungo uye zvakasimbiswa mari inowedzera zviri zviviri pano paInvesting for Beginners uye pabhuku rangu rega, kwandinotarisana nedzimwe pfungwa dzepamusoro dzisinganyanyi kukosha kune vashandi vatsva vangangodaro vanofanira kuva mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai semari, panzvimbo; somuenzaniso, kuti ungashandisa sei mari yeHurumende yezvibvumirano maererano nemari yezvibereko zvezvikwereti kuti uone kuenzanisa kwekuenzanisa.