Mhepo ndeimwe yenyika inogara yakasimbiswa zvikuru kana ichiuya pakugadzira magetsi. Zvese zvaunoda kuita kuti zvibatanidze zvinoumba simba remhepo rinoshandura iyo inoshandura kufamba kwemweya muine kinetic energy.
Kutora mhepo pamwero mukuru, zvisinei, zvinoda purazi yemhepo-kuunganidza kwemafambi emhepo anokonzerwa zvakananga kumativi enyika kana kuti gungwa, uko mhepo ine simba uye yakasimba.
Mafungu emhepo ane mahwendefa mazhinji, ayo akaiswa pamusoro peshongwe, iyo inopinda mumhepo uye simba rokukohwa.
Nyanzvi dzezvikwata dzinoti United States ine mhepo yakakwana inoshandiswa nemhepo kuti ibudirire kaviri yayo ikozvino simba rekukura kwemhepo, uye kuti kuita kudaro kunouya nemunhu anouraya wezvakatipoteredza. MuAmerica chete, simba remhepo rinodzivisa kusunungurwa kwematani anenge mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emagetsi echando uye kuchengetedza mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emvura emvura pagore.
Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvekuvaka mapurisa emhepo zvinosanganisira kukakavadzana kwevanhu pamusoro pekuiswa kwevhiriji remhepo, kubvumira matambudziko, zvinetso zvekubhadhara, uye nyaya dzehutukutu, sekuda kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekugadzirwa kwezvinhu kuti zviendese simba kumagetsi egetsi anoshumira vatengi. Zvisinei, kana uchida kuzvivaka purazi yako yemhepo, haisi kunyanya kuoma kuita.
Kutanga: Kuronga Mhepo Yako Shamba
Kuvaka purazi yemhepo ipurojekiti yakakura inoda mapoka eongororo kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakawanda zveprojekti, kubvira pakubata pamuviri kusvika pakugadzirisa kushanda.
Kubva pakusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera uye kuongorora njodzi kune mhuka dzesango kuti dziwane zvibvumirano zvakakodzera uye kuedza uye kuongorodza mazai ega, zvirongwa zvizhinji zvinotevera shure kwekugadzira rudzi urwu rwemagetsi jenereta.
Chokutanga, iva nechokwadi chokuti usarudza nzvimbo ine mhepo yakakwana midzimwe.
Nzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzekutengeserana nemapurazi mapurisa dzine mhepo dzinomhanya makiromita makumi maviri neawa (6 mamita / kechipiri) kana kupfuura, maererano neAmerican Wind Energy Association. Mhepo yakawandisa inogona kunyanya kushandisa midziyo uye kuita kuti purojekiti inodhura.
Mamwe mapurogiramu anokosha emhepo mapikicha anogona kukubatsira kuti uone nzvimbo ine mhepo yakakodzera midziyo. Semuenzaniso, Dhipatimendi reAmerica reUnited States rinopa mhepo ine mhepo ine mhepo, asi unogonawo kushandisa shandiso inonzi anemometer yekuyera simba pane imwe nzvimbo. Vamwe vanoti kunyange kupa sangano rekukweretesa anemometer. Unyanzvi wako angashandisa mazano akadai uye software, zvakadai semhepoNavigator uye GHWindFarmer, kuongorora maitiro, maitiro emamiriro ekunze, uye aerodynamics kuitira kuti vagadzirise nzvimbo yacho.
Uyezve, iwe uchada kufunga nezvekunyanya kunetseka kwechinzvimbo chinotarisirwa, zvakadai semugwagwa wokupinda, zvinokonzerwa nemishumo, zvinoputika mumvuri kubva pamabhanhire, uye nenyaya dzetsika.
Kuongorora Njodzi, Kuda Kwepurazi, uye Kubhadhara
Mafuta anoputika pamhepo ine mhepo inogona kuuraya shiri dzinopangeredzwa, hurumende, mabheji, uye mvura, naizvozvo zvakanakisisa kugadzirisa matanhi kure nematokari ematokari ematokari akangwara uye mumigwagwa yegore negore. Sangano reMafungiro eHove uye Wildlife Service reUnited States rinokurudzira nzira inoshandiswa iyo inosanganisira kutanga kwekuongorora, nzvimbo yekufananidzira, uye zvidzidzo zvemunda kufanotaura uye kuongorora zvisikwa uye nzvimbo dzinokuvadzwa nepurazi remhepo.
Sezvo wekugadzira nzvimbo, unoda kushanda pedyo nehurumende yakakodzera yehurumende (kana kubvumira simba) kuderedza uye kuderedza kufa kwezvipfuwo nekuda kwepurazi yemhepo; mune zvimwe zviitiko, unogona kubvumirwa kuvaka gorosi remhepo kana iwe uchichinja kushanda kwaro kuti uve mhuka dzakanaka-dzakanaka. Semuenzaniso, unogona kudiwa kuti udzike nguva shomanana panguva yekufamba uye munguva dzemaodzanyemba, apo mhomhi inonyanya kushanda uye simba rekuberekwa harisi.
Funga pamusoro pehuwandu hwemagetsi aunoda kuunza-kana kuti nzvimbo yacho inogona kuunza-uye mari yaunogona kushandisa. Kutenga mhepo ine turbines yoga kunogona kukudzoserai mushure we $ 1.37 mamiriyoni ega megawatt ekukwanisa.
Kazhinji, hazvina mari kune zvigadzirwa zvekuvandudza magetsi emhepo pane zvinowanikwa kune vashandi vemunyika yega nekuti zvibatsiro zvinogona kugadzirisa zvikwereti zvinoshandiswa zvinoderedza mari inenge inenge makumi matatu kubva muzana, kana anenge 1.4 centi pa kilowatt-awa, maererano nehupfumi hwakabhadharwa neU.S. Dhipatimendi reMagetsi.
Hurongwa hwehurumende hunoita kuti zvive nyore kukudziridza purazi yemhepo. Mutero wekubhadhara mutero (PTC) zvino unopa 2.3-cent-per-kilowatt-hour mutero wechikwereti mumakore gumi ekutanga ekushanda. Kana iwe uchitanga kuvaka pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwesimba rako risati rasvika gore ra2020, unogona kuita sarudzo isingagadziri kutora Imari yeImari yeKwereta (ITC).
Kuti uratidze mari inoshandiswa neveli yekubhadhara mhepo yako yepurojekiti, ivhare mashoko ako chaiwo mumashandisirwo eBITES anoshandiswa (Zvivakwa, Indasitiri, Mafambisi Nekuona Kwemagetsi) zvakapiwa neNational Renewable Energy Laboratory. Iwe unogonawo kutsvaga kuongorora database yehurumende uye federal zvinokurudzira simba rekugadziriswa.
Iva nechokwadi kuti Mapurazi ako Anosangana Nezvido Zvepamutemo
Vagadziri vemagetsi vanotungamirirwa nemitemo yehurumende yakadai sePublic Utility Regulatory Policies Act muna 1978 (PURPA), iyo Energy Policy Act ye 2005 (EPACT 2005), uye Energy Independence and Security Act ya2007 (EISA 2007). Mukuwedzera, mumwe wehurumende ane shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuti mitemo ye federal inoshandiswa sei, uye ine mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekusimudzira simba rinogona kudzorerwa kuburikidza nemutemo weRenewable Portfolio Standards (RPS).
Gweta kana muongorori akashandiswa pakuvandudza simba rekugadzirisa magetsi anogona kukubatsira kufamba nemitemo inotungamirira purojekiti yako yakarongwa. Iwe uchadawo kuvaka zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvibvumirano zvezvakatipoteredza kubva kuhurumende dzehurumende.
Kana mhepo yako yepurazi ichagara pamba yehurumende kana ine sangano rehurumende, kubvumira kunogona kuenderana nehutachiona hwehutano hwekuongorora hurongwa. Somuenzaniso, mapurazi emhepo akaiswa pfuma inotungamirirwa neU.B. Bureau of Land Management inotungamirirwa nemimwe mitemo yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza shiri dzakachengetedzwa dzakachengetedzwa uye zvimwe zviwanikwa zvepanyika.
Ziva Matombo uye Wind Farm Yakagadzirwa
Mazuva ano mhepo ine mhepo ine simba uye yakareba kudarika mafirimu emakore ekare, ane mashizha makuru uye shongwe sedare refu kana zvikwiriso zvakakwirira. Izvo zvakananga kuiswa kweii turbines pamunda wemhepo kunobata huwandu hwayo hwekugadzira simba.
Sezvo mutemo wehurumende, yakawanda mhepo inoputika, iyo inowedzera chizvarwa chayo simba. Mhepo inowanikwa yakawanda inowanikwa yakawanda inokwana 1.5 megawatts uye inogona kusimbisa dzimba mazana mashanu, asi mifananidzo itsva inotamba yakakura. Gweta reMugetsi reWorld rinotarisa kusvika kusvika ku3.4 megawatts yekushandisa kwepasi uye kusvika kuma6 megawatts kumhenderekedzo yegungwa. Zvimwe zvinokonzera mhepo zvinoshandiswa nemhepo zvinosanganisira Vestas, Goldwind, Enercon, Siemens, Sulzon, Gamesa, United Power, Ming Yang, uye Nordex.
Mhepo ine simba uye ine simba inotyisa inoshandisa nheyo dzakakura uye dzinodhura zvakawanda kuisa. Offshore wind turbines inofanira kugadzirirwa mamiriro emvura. Mafungu emhepo haawanzokwanisi kumhanya zvakakwana sezvo simba ravo rinokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze.
Mukuwedzera kune mabhiriji emhepo, purazi yemhepo inoda magetsi emagetsi ekuunganidza maitiro, vashanduri, nhepfenyuro yekukurukurirana, uye zvikamu. Uyezve, mutungamiri wekutarisira uye yekuwana data (SCADA) system system inoshandiswa kutarisa kushanda. Anjiniya anokwanisa kukurudzira midziyo yakakodzera uye inosungirirwa kushandiswa kubva panzvimbo yako, mari, uye simba zvinangwa.
Kuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka
Kana uri kuronga purazi yemhepo yekutengeserana, iwe unoda nzira yekupa simba kune vatengi kana vatengesi vatengesi. Kazhinji izvi zvinoda mitsara yekufambisa inobatanidza kubudiswa kwemhepo yako yekufambisa kumhepo yekutengesa magetsi-iyo grid energy-munharaunda yako. Mabhizimisi ekufambisa kwemhepo mapurisa akaendeswa kune nzvimbo dziri kure anogona kuwana zvakaoma kuchengetedza simba rekutapudza nekubatana ne grid.
Zvimwewo, mapurisa maduku emhepo anogona kushandiswa semugove wakatsaurirwa wemagetsi kumusangano kana bhizinesi. Mune zviitiko izvi, purazi yemhepo haifaniri kushevedza grid grid rinogara riripo. Zvisinei, kutengesa simba rakawandisa, iwe uchiri kuda nzira yekuendesa iyo simba kumashandisi emagetsi.
Tarisa neNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), iyo inoshanda nevatasvi vemuhepo kuti vawane simba rokutapudza uye kuwirirana. Mhepo Inobatanidza Wind Integration Group inopawo zvigadziriro zvekubatanidza purazi yemhepo mumagetsi.
Isa, Testai, uye Endai Zvishandiso
Kuvaka mapurazi emhepo kunokwanisa kugadzirwa mukati memwedzi mishomanana. Zvisinei, iwe ungatanga kutanga uchida kugadzira migwagwa munzvimbo yekutsvaga mumhepo mitambo nemimwe midziyo.
Pamusoro pemhepo imwe neimwe yemhepo, iwe uchada kuveza gomba uye kuizadza nekona yakasimbiswa kuti ushande sechisimba chekugadzirisa; iyi nzira inonyanya kukosha mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kana mapurisa emhepo ekumhepo. Kana imwe nguva nheyo yakagadzirirwa, zvakadaro, iwe uchada kusimudza matanhi ane hoist dzakasiyana.
Zvadaro, iwe uchaisa wiringiri magetsi uye zvigadziri panzvimbo uye wotarisa miedzo kuti uone kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoshanda zvakanaka. Inowanzotora mwedzi mitanhatu mapikicha asati adzirwa uye purazi yemhepo inozadza zvizere zvekutengeserana kukwanisa.
Mhepo imwe neimwe inomirira inenge yevhiki inokosha yekugadzirisa gadziriro yegore negore. IAmerican Wind Energy Association inoti inotora imwe nyanzvi yemhepo kuti inoshanda magagawatts gumi nematanhatu emagetsi anogadzirwa.