Ko ore yesimbi inotengeswa sei?
Pasinei nokuonekwa nevamwe sechipiri chinonyanya kukosha mushure memafuta, mashizha ematare esimbi anonyanya kutarisirwa.
Sezvinodiwa zvakakosha zvekugadzirwa kwesimbi yepamusoro, iron inotyisa inotengesa yakawanda yemashamba ematare uye pasi rose rekugadzirwa kwenyika. Dhiyabhiri-dollar-a-gore yemakemikisi yesimbi inokwana 95 muzana yezvose zvinotengeswa gore roga roga. Uye, kuitira kuti tigutse zvido zvedu zvezvigadzirwa zvemidziyo, 1.8 mabhiriyoni ematani ematare esimbi zvakadhindwa muna 2014.
Asi, kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, misika yematare esimbi yakawanda kwazvo. Kwemakore makumi emakore mabhizimisi emitengo yakagadziriswa mushure mekuvhara misuo mikova yakavharwa pakati pevatengesi vakura nevashandi vezvigadzirwa.
Zvinhu zvakatanga kuchinja mushure me2000, zvisinei, zvakatungamirirwa nekukurumidza kukura kwekuda kwesimbi yesimbi kunopa mishonga yekugadzira kuChina. Makore emakore enyika ekugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvikaita kuti pave nemigumisiro inoramba iripo uye inokura yesimbi .
Pakati pe2000 ne2014, hupfumi hwepasi rose hwakapetwa kaviri kusvika ku 1.4 kilotonnes, zvichida kudiwa kwesimbi yesimbi.
China yakapfuura Japan kuve mutengesi mukuru wenyika yakawanda munyika yose muna 2003. Makore mashanu gare gare, China yakange inopinda katatu zvakapfurikidza nemuvakidzani wayo wePacific. Pakazosvika gore ra2014, China yakapa 60 kubva muzana yemataundi anenge mabhiriyoni 1.4 eabhnare iron ore.
Kuratidzira kuchinja kwemasimba ekutengeserana kwezvinhu izvi, muna 2008 gurukota guru rezvemidziyo reAile rakasarudza kugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwevatakuri vatsva makumi masere vangave vakawanda kudarika zvimwe zvakambovakwa.
Zvimwe zvikepe 16 zveValemax - sezvazvaizozivikanwa - dzakanyorerwa kune kambani. Ngarava imwe neimwe ine simba re 380,000 kusvika ku 4000 000 matani emota.
Kunyange zvazvo kudiwa kuChina kwakasimudzirwa, kubudiswa kwitsva kwakanga kuri kunonoka kusvika paIndaneti uye kutengesa kwemafuta ematare esimbi, izvo zvakanga zvisati zvadarika $ 50 ne tonne isati yasvika muna 2008, zvakasimudzwa zvakadarika $ 190 ne tonne muna 2011.
Yakanyanya kuvimba nekutengeswa kwematare emidziyo, Chinese metalmakers yakava nehanya nemutengo wekutengesa wakaitwa naRio Tinto, BHP naVale - pamwe chete vanozivikanwa seThe Big Three .
Muna 2009 uye 2010, vashandi veRio Tinto vakasungwa uye vakaiswa mujeri nekuda kwekubata zvakavanzika zvehurumende uye kugamuchira fufuro kubva kuvashandi vekuChinese.
Kusagutsikana kweChina nemasimba ekutengeswa kweThe Big Three, pamwe nekuwedzera kwekutengesa kwemari, kwakasimbisa kuderera kwezvibvumirano zvegore negore uye kukwira kwemagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwekutengesa kwemafuta.
Muna 2006, The Steel Index (TSI) yakatangwa. TSI inounganidza dhauriro kubva kumakambani ari musimbi, matanda uye masimbi ematare emaketani ekuverengera chiyero chekutaridzirwa kwezvikamu makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu kubva kuzana makumi matanhatu kubva kuzana makumi mashanu kubva kuzana makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kune makumi mashanu.
Dhi data iri ikozvino inoshandiswa nekushinhana kuNorth America, Europe, India neSingapore iyo inopa mazano ekubatanidza mari yevashandi, vemagetsi, vatengesi, vatengesi, mapurogiramu uye vatengi.
The Metal Bulletin Iron Ore Index inopawo tonnage-weighted benchmark mitengo ye 10 iron ore mafomu, iyo inoshandiswa sechinhu chekugadzira mashizha emangwana emitambo inopiwa neSingapore Mercantile Exchange (SMX).
Muna 2009, Vakuru vatatu vatori vese vakaparadzanisa kuti vaizorega kutaurirana zvibvumirano zvemari zvegore negore uye kutengesa ore zvichibva kunezvimiriro zvinotarisirwa zvigaro.
Kubvira panguva iyo, Izvo Zvikuru Zvikamu zvitatu pamwe chete nhamba yechina inogadzira Fortescue Metals, iyo pamwe chete inokonzera kudarika makumi matatu ematatu ematare anotengeswa gore roga roga, yakasimudza mari inopfuura US $ 100 mabhiriyoni kuti iwedzere kukohwa. Izvi, pamwe nekuderera kwekutsvaga kuibva kuChina, zvakatungamirira kune zvigadzirwa zvinokonzera glut uye mapepa zvakanyanya kuderera kudarika zvakakwirira zvakaonekwa muna 2011.
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