Dzidza NezveNyika Itsva Dzakawanda (NICs)

Izwi rinoshandiswa munyika ("NIC") isarudzo yezvemari inoshandiswa nevezvematongerwo enyika kuti inomiririra hupfumi hunoenda kune imwe nzvimbo pakati penyika dzakabudirira uye nyika iri kusimukira . Nyika dzinowira pasi pechikamu ichi dzinoratidzwa nekukurumidzira kutengesa-kutengesa mune zvekutsvaga kwehupfumi uye kusununguka kwenyika yevashandi vanobva kumaruwa kusvika kumaguta.

Mimwe mienzaniso yenyika dzichangobva kupararira dzinosanganisira China , India , uye Brazil , kunyange kutsanangurwa kwezvinonzi zvinonzi NICs zvinosiyana pakati pezvoupfumi.

Chinhu chimwe chete mari yezvehupfumi inogona kubvumirana pamusoro apa ndeyokuti NICs dzinowanzove dzakakosha yekutsvaga kwekuendeswa kune dzimwe nyika dzakapiwa simba ravo rekutsvaga kwehupfumi, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kune vatengesi vepasi rose.

Zviratidzo zveNyika Itsva Dzakawanda

Nyika dzichiri kubudirira dzinowanzorongwa sevaya vane mararamiro ehupenyu hushoma, ehurumende inotsika-shanduka, uye pasi reHuman Development Index (HDI) kune dzimwe nyika dzine hupfumi hwepamusoro. Nyika itsva dzakagadzirwa nedzimwe nyika dzakagovana zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi asi dzinowanzove dziri kutungamira kune chinangwa chekuva wakasununguka uye yakasimba yakagadzirwa nemari yemari.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowanzoonekwa munyika itsva zvichishanda zvinosanganisira kuwedzera rusununguko rwehupfumi, kuwedzerwa rusununguko rwevanhu, kuchinja kubva mune zvekurima kusvika pakugadzirwa, kuvapo kwemakambani makuru emarudzi, kushandiswa kwakasimba kune dzimwe nyika , uye kukura nokukurumidza mumaguta ekupedzisira zvichibva pakudzingwa kubva kumaruwa kusvika maguta makuru uye akawanda akagara muguta.

Mazhinji emakwenzi ari kubuda anowira pasi pesangano reNIC, kusiyana nemashamba emiganhu anowanzova mazhinji-mberi. Semuenzaniso, mararamiro mazhinji emiganhu yenyika ane hurumende isinganzwisisiki iyo inosanganisira yepamusoro yehutongerwo hwehutongerwo enyika uye / kana kuvimba pane chinhu chimwechete kana kuti inyanzvi.

Rwendo rweNyika Dzakawanda Dzakawanda

Economists uye vashandi vanowanzoshandisa izwi rinenge richichangotengeswa munyika, asi hapana munhu anobvumirana-pane tsanangudzo. Somugumisiro, kune nyika dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzinofungidzirwa seNIC asi kwete vose vanobvumirana pane kuti nyika idzi ndei. Uyezve, urongwa hunogona kuchinja nokukurumidza munguva, zvichienderana nemamiriro ehupfumi enyika.

Zvimwe zvinowanzotaurwa nezveNIC zvinosanganisira Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, uye Turkey. Nyika dzakatamira kune dzimwe nyika dzichangobva kushandiswa uye kunyika dzakagadzirwa muma1970 nema1980 dzinosanganisira nyika dzakadai saHong Kong , Singapore, neSouth Korea , sezvo hupfumi hwavo hwakakura.

Dzimwe nyika dzinogonawo kudzingwa kubva kuNIC kusvika kumiganhu yepamberi kana hupfumi hwavo huchigadziriswa nekuda kwekuderera kwemamiriro ehupfumi kana ezvematongerwe enyika. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe nyika dzakagadzirisa mukuisa hurumende yehurumende asi yakaderera nechisimba chekutora simba. Kusakosha kwesimba mumasangano avo kunogona kukonzera kusuwa kwemamiriro avo ehupfumi.

Kuisa muNyika Itsva Dzakawanda

Vashandi vezvemabhizimisi munyika varikutsvaga kutsvaga kurongwa uku kuno kukurumidza kwenyika kune zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa.

Nzira inonyanya kuisa mairi munyika idzi ndeyokushandisa mari yekuchinjana-yekutengeserana mari ("ETFs") iyo inopa huwandu hwekutsvaga kune hupfumi huno muhutano humwe hunogona kutengeswa zviri nyore muAmerica kushandiswa kwekutengeswa pasina njodzi dzinosanganiswa nekutengesa kune dzimwe nyika.

Dzimwe NIC ETFs yekufunga dzinosanganisira:

Vashandi vemunyika yose vanogonawo kuongorora imwe yenyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzeEFs, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa kuChina neSouth Africa, kana kuti American Depository Receipts ("ADRs") kutarisa makambani akadai mune dzimwe nyika.

ADRs ndeyekuchengetedzwa kweUnited States inomiririra chikamu chekugovera mune zvekunze kune dzimwe nyika dzinoshandiswa kune dzimwe nyika.

Kukosha Kunokosha Kuyeuka

Izwi iro rakangotanga kubhurwa nyika rakakura kwazvo uye risina kutsanangurwa, zvinoreva kuti vatengesi vepasi rose vanofanira kuchenjerera kana vachiishandisa. Nyika dzakawanda dzinowira pasi pesangano iri dzinosanganawo nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinosangana nehupfumi hwavo, zvakadai sekutambudzika kweChina kwezvematongerwe enyika kana kuti kupesana kweBrazil mune zvematongerwo enyika muna 2015 uye muna 2016.

Zvisinei, nyika dzichangobva kushandiswa haifaniri kuregererwa. China inotarisirwa kuva nyika huru munyika yose mumakore makumi mashanu anotevera, nepo India isiri kure kwazvo, izvo zvinoita kuti nyika idzi dzive dzakakosha mukukura kwenyika . Vashandi vemunyika yose vanofanira kunyatsogadzirisa kujekesa kune idzi nzvimbo muzvikwata zvavo zvepamusoro pavanenge vachifunga nezvezviitiko.

The Bottom Line

Nyika itsva dzichishanda - kana kuti NICs - dzinokosha pamisika yevatengesi vemarudzi ose. Kunyange zvazvo ivo vasina kuchengeteka sezvakaitwa nyika dzakabudirira, hazvisi zvishoma kune ngozi kune nyika dzichiri kusimukira uye inopa kukurudzira kuwedzera kwemari. Vashandi vanofanirwa kunyatsorongedza mikana iyi uye kuvakira mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana.