Chikwereti-ku-GDP chienzanidzo pachayo iyo equation ine chikwereti chakakura chenyika mu numerator uye chibereko chayo chemhuri (GDP) iri mudenominator.
Nokudaro, chikwereti-ku-GDP chikamu che 1.0 (kana kuti 100%) chinoreva kuti chikwereti chenyika chakakanganiswa nemari yakawanda yemumba. Muzhinji, chikwereti-ku-GDP chiyero chinoshandiswa kutsvaga hutano hwehupfumi.
Muchikamu chino, tichatarisa kunyatsoongorora nzira yekuongorora chikwereti chenyika-ku-GDP chikwata uye zvimwe zvinotarisirwa kune vatengesi vepasi rose.
Tsanangudzo yeDhebha Yakanaka-ku-GDP Ratio
Chikwereti-ku-GDP chiyamuro inowanzoshandiswa mumasangano ekuenzanisa, asi kuongorora kuenzanisa kunogona kuva basa rakaoma zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, funga nezvekuti chikwereti cheJapan cha2011 kusvika kuGDP chinopfuura 200%, asi hupfumi hwayo hwakagamuchira kunyanya kuongorora nyanzvi, nepo Girisi inongova 160% uye mazhinji mahofisi ehurumende akanga achifanotaura kuparadzwa kwayo. Zvikonzero zvekusiyana uku zvakasiyana, asi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Vatengi vemadhora - Chikwereti chakakwirira-kusvika-GDP chinogamuchirwa apo vatengi vematokari vari vepamba vemari (vagari) kana kudzokorora vatengi vane chikonzero chekutenga. Semuenzaniso, vatengi veJapan vari mumba uye mutengi weUnited States ( China ) anotenga chikwereti kuchengetedza mararamiro akanaka ekutengeserana nevatengi vayo.
- Kukura Kwemari - Chikwereti chakanyanya-kusvika-GDP chinogamuchirwa apo hupfumi huri kukura nekukurumidza nokuti huripo huripo huchakwanisa kubhadhara chikwereti nokukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, nyika inofanirwa kukura 5% gore rakatevera ichangoerekana ichiona kuyerwa kwehuwandu, asi nyika inoratidzirwa kubvumirano ichaona ichikura.
- Purogiramu Yezvekuita - Nyika dzine chirongwa chakanaka chokugadzirisa chikwereti chakakura-ku-GDP chikwata chinogona kugamuchira kuregerera kubva kune masangano ekuenzanisa. Asi avo vasina chirongwa vanowanzotarisana nekutsvaira kwakanyanya uye kutsoropodza. Somuenzaniso, Girisi muna 2011 yakanga isina chirongwa chekuita uye yakatarisana nekutsoropodza kwakanyanya kubva kumasangano ekuenzanisa.
Chikwereti-ku-GDP Ratio Origins & Solutions
Nyika dzinogona kuzviwana dzimanikidzwa nekodzero yakakura-ku-GDP kuwirirana nenzira dzakawanda, kubva pakuderera kusingatarisirwi kusvika pakufungidzirwa kwekuchinja kwevanhu. Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya kunoda chimwe chezvinhu zviviri zvinokanganisa chikwereti chekutanga-ku-GDP equation (pasina kudhinda mari yakananga): Kucheka kushandisa mari kuderedza chikwereti kana kukurudzira kukura kuti kuwedzere mutengo wakawanda wemumba.
Heano zvimwe zvikonzero zvinowanzoita chikwereti chakakura-ku-GDP ratios:
- Zvisingatarisirwi Zvisingatarisirwi - Nyika dziri kukura nokukurumidza dzinogona kutora chikwereti chakawedzerwa kutsigira kukura ikoko, asi kuderedzwa kusingatarisirwi kunogona kukonzera kukwidziridzwa zvakanyanya kudarika-ku-GDP chiyero. Somuenzaniso, kuwedzera kweJapan pashure pokukura kwayo nokukurumidza muma1980 kwakaunza chikwereti chayo chikuru nhasi.
- Kuwanda Kwevanhu Kuwedzera - Aging populations vanogona kuisa mutoro munharaunda dzekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, izvo zvingabhadharwa mune chikamu nechikwereti. Semuenzaniso, US Social Social system inokonzera kuwedzera kwairi kujekeswa mune chikwereti chevanhu uye inotevera inofanirwa kukwira mune chikwereti-ku-GDP chiyero.
- Hurumende Inoshandisa - Kushandiswa kwehurumende kunowedzera kunogona kutungamirira kune chikwereti chakakwirira-ku-GDP chikwata (kana kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwezvinhu) kana vakasiya huwandu hwekuwedzera kwenyika. Semuenzaniso, hurumende dzehurumende dzinosangana nevatungamiri vezvematongerwo enyika dzinowedzera kuwedzera mari yavo uye kuona chikwereti-ku-GDP chikwata ichiwedzera.
Heano mamwe maitiro anowanzogadzirisa kune chikwereti chakakura-ku-GDP chiyero:
- Dzinga Hurumende Inoshandisa - Hurumende dzine chikwereti chakakura-kusvika-GDP inogona kuderedza mari yekuderedza chikwereti chavo. Zvisinei, tsvina yekubudirira kuderedza mari haisi yekudzikisa kukura uye kuderedza GDP chikamu chekuenzanisa.
- Kurudzira Kukura - Mabhandi ekumusoro anogona kukurudzira kukura kuburikidza nekuchera chido chekuda, iyo (inofanirwa) inoita kuti zvikweretwe zviri nyore zvekutengesa. Kukura kwakakwirira kunowedzera Purezidenti yeGDP yey equation uye inowedzera pasi rose chikwereti-ku-GDP muzana.
- Kuwedzera Mitero Yemutero - Hurumende dzinogona kuwedzera mitero senzira yekubhadhara chikwereti. Asi zvakare, kunyengedza ndiko kuwedzera mitero nenzira isingaiti kuwedzera kweGDP nekuderedza dhinator mu equation.
Nheyo dzinokosha dzekunzwisisa chikwereti-ku-GDP
- Chikwereti-ku-GDP chiyero ichienzaniswa nekodzero yemutengo yenyika mu numerator uye chibereko chayo chemuzinda (GDP) iri musangano.
- Chikwereti chakanyanya-ku-GDP chidimbu hachisi chakaipa, chero bedzi kuwanda kwehupfumi hwenyika, sezvo iyo nzira yekushandisa mukana wekusimudzira kukura kwenguva refu.
- Nyika dzinogona kupinda mumatambudziko ane chikwereti-ku-GDP ratios nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuregererwa kusingatarisirwi, kuchinja kwevanhu kana kudhura zvakanyanya.
- Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokugadzirisa chikwereti chakakwirira-kusvika-GDP, kusanganisira zvishoma kushandiswa kwehurumende, kukurudzira kukura, kana kuwedzera mari yemutero.