Bond Upgrade uye Downgrade

Zvizhinji zvezvisungo zvemunhu - kusanganisira huwandu hweavo vanowanzobatwa muzvisungo zvezvisungo - vanopiwa zvikwereti zvekwereti nemasangano makuru ekuenzanisa, akadai se Standard & Poor's. Apo sangano rekuyera rinosimudza chiyero chebvumirano, ichi chiito chinonzi "kuvandudza." Saizvozvowo, kuderedzwa kunoderedzwa kunonzi "kuderedza." Kuvandudza uye kuderedza zvingave zvinokonzera zvinotyisa zvehutano.

Kuitwa Kwezvinhu Kuendesa KuDowngrade

Nhengo dzehurumende dzinotarisana nehutano hwavo pane zvimwe zvinhu, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kuva dambudziko rekusafa , kukanganisa kwomubatsiri kuita sarudzo dzakarongwa uye zvikwereti zvikuru.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowanzoonekwa nehurumende dzinofanirwa ndezvi:

Performance Factors Kutungamirira Kuvandudza

Zvikonzero zvinotungamirira kuvandudzi zvinosanganisira:

The Impact of Upgrade and Downgrades on Performance

Mitengo yezvisungo zvemunhu mumwechete inowanzoenderana nekuvandudzwa uye kuderedza dhenda kana, kazhinji, kutarisira kwekuvandudza kana kuderedza. Nokuda kwezvisungo zvakawanda, zvikwereti zvekwereti - kana kuchinja kunoita kuti zvive zvishoma kana zvishoma kuti zvisiyane - chinhu chinokosha chekushanda. Kana bvumo ichivandudzwa, vatengesi vanoda kubhadhara mutengo wakakwirira uye vanobvuma muchero wepasi. Apo chisungo chiri kuderedzwa, zvakasiyana ndezvechokwadi. (Ramba uchifunga mupfungwa dzako, matengo uye zvibereko zvinotarisana nenzira dzakasiyana .)

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti misika inowanzofambisa mberi kwekuvandudza kana kuderedzwa mukufungidzira kwechiitiko ichocho. Somugumisiro, chiziviso chekuchinja kwekutsvaga hazvizoiti kuti zvive nemigumisiro inokosha mukushanda mumazuva nemavhiki mushure mechiziviso - misika yakatoti yaita kune chiziviso chepamutemo.

Maitiro akawandisa ekuvandudzwa uye kuderedza zvigaro zvinogona kuchinja misika yose. Zvikamu zvemashamba emabhangi ayo mabasa anonzi anowanikwa nechekukweretwa kwekwereti kudarika kudiwa kwehuwandu hwekukwereti - kunyanya kuderedzwa kwekutsvaga mabhizinesi ebhizimisi mabhizimisi uye hutano hwakawanda huripo - hunowanzobatsire apo chiyero chekuvandudzwa kwekutengesa kuderedza kana kukwira, uye kuratidza kushanda kusina simba apo chiyero chiri pasi kana kuwira.

Muenzaniso wekuongororwa Kuchinja

Iyi nhau kubva ku flytshewall.com, yakabudiswa muna March 2013, inotsanangura kuderera kwekutambura kwakaitwa naJC Penney, uye inobatsira kuratidza kuti zvose zviripo iyezvino uye maonero ehupenyu huchaita chikamu:

"Standard & Poor's Ratings Services yakasimbisa iyo yakaderedza kukosha kwekambani yekambani paJC Penney ku" CCC + "kubva ku'B-. ' Maonero aya haana kunaka, S & P yakati. S & P yakawedzera, "Downgrade inoratidza kuora kwekushanda kwakakurumidza kupera mugore rose rapfuura uye inenge ichiita kuti irambe ichipfuurira pamwedzi 12 inotevera ... Inoratidzawo kuongorora kwedu kuti nzvimbo yechipatimendi yemari haina 'kukwana' uye kuti JC Penney achada kutsvaga mari yakawedzerwa kana kukwereta zvakanyanya pamusoro payo inowanikwa chikwereti chechikwata kuti ienderere mberi shanduko. "