Zvivigiro zveMigodhi zvakabudiswa $ 644 Billion Worth of the Metal muna 2016
Vatori venyika vatanhatu vendarira vakakura kune zviuru zvinopfuura 9 448 kilotonnes-kana mamiriyoni 105 emamiriyoni eAmerica (anozivikanwa semasimbi mafupi) -hutemberi yakakosha muna 2016, gore razvino kupfuura iyo mafananidzo aripo, maererano nemashini webhupu website mining.com. Makambani mana akakwirira akaverengerwa makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu ezana iroro rose. Nemhangura iri kuenda $ 3.10 pound pamusana pokuwa 2017, maererano ne infomine.com, makambani makuru gumi akabudisa madhora 644 mabhiriyoni esimbi.
01 Codelco
02 Freeport-McMoRan
Phoenix-based Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. (FCX) ndiyo yakawanda inoshandiswa mutengesi wemhangura yepaguru. Izvo zvinhu zvekambani zvinosanganisira zvinetso zveMigodhi yeGrasberg muIndonesia, mhepo yakawanda yemhangura yegoridhe uye yegoridhe maererano nemari yakachengetwa; the Morenci uye Safford mineral districts muNorth America; uye chikwata cheMiniti Fungurume muDemocratic Republic of Congo. FCX yakabudisa mamirioni 1,7 emataundi emhangura yakanatswa muna 2016, inenge 9 muzana yenyika yose.
03 Glencore
Baar, Switzerland-based based Glencore, inyika yekutengeserana uye yekambani yekambani ine vashandi 55 000 munyika makumi matatu, yakagadzira 1.23 mamita ematare emhangura muna 2016. Glencore yemhangura yezvinhu zvinosanganisira mazhinji kana zvizere zvekutengesa muKatanga Mining Limited muDemocratic Republic of Congo, iyo Mine Mopani muZambia, Cobar mami muAustralia, uye Philippine Associated Smelting uye Refining Corporation.
04 BHP Billiton
Australian-based BHP Billiton yakabudisa mamiriyoni 1,2 mamiriyoni emhangura yemhangura yakanatswa muna 2016 uyewo ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvepasi rose zvealuminium , mhangura, manganese, iron ore, uranium , nickel , sirivha, uye titanium . Imwe midziyo yemhangura yekambani inosanganisira 57.5 muzana inowanikwa muMinera Escondida, iyo yakawanda yemigodhi inogadzirwa nemhangura, muChile yaAtacama Desert.
05 South Copper Corp.
Southern Copper Corp, iyo inowanikwa neGrupo México, ine mahofisi muPhoenix uye maitiro makuru eMexico nePeru, yakabudisa matani 743 000 emhangura muna 2016. Imiti yacho yakakura inosanganisira minda yeCuajone neToquepala muPeru uye mhenderekedzo yeCananea muMexico .
06 KGHM Polska Miedz
KGHM Polska Miedz-imwe yemakambani makuru ePoland, ine vashandi vanodarika 28 000 uye mari yegore rose inodarika madhora mazana matatu emadhora-yakabudiswa 667 000 mamita emhangura yemhangura muna 2016. KGHM, iyo inoshandisa migodhi mitatu, Lubin, Rudna, uye Polkowice-Sierszowice, inoberekawo zvinhu zvesirivha gore negore.
07 Rio Tinto Group
British-Australian Rio Tinto yakabudisa anenge 504 000 mamita emataundi emhangura muna 2016. Iyo midziyo yemhangura yakawanda inosanganisira Kennecott Utah Copper, iyo yave iripo kwemakore anopfuura zana uye inoshandisa Bingham Canyon mine pedyo neSalt Lake City; chikamu chikamu makumi mana kubva muzana zvekugadzirwa kubva kumigodhi yeGrasberg kuIndonesia, iyo ndiyo imwe yenyika yakawanda yemhangura nemidziyo yegoridhe maererano neyour reserve uye zvigadzirwa; uye makumi matatu kubva muzana anogovera minera yeMinera Escondida mumuchiri weChile paAtacama Desert.
08 First Quantum Ltd.
Yokutanga Quantum, yakabva kuVancouver, Canada, yakabudisa 494 000 mamita ematare emhangura muna 2016. Kambani iyi yakagadzirwa zvakanaka uye inowedzera masimbi uye minda ikambani inobereka zvikuru mhangura, ndarama, nickel, uye zinc. Iyo ikambani inoronga kuwedzera zvikuru michina yemhangura mumakore anotevera. "Yokutanga Quantum yakagadzirirwa kuva imwe yepamusoro-soro yakawanda yakachengetwa, vatsvene-vanoita zvemhizha vashandi vemunyika munyika," iyo nyanzvi inowanika pawebsite yedu.
09 Antofagasta
Chikwata cheMichina chemigodhi Antofagasta yakabudisa 477 000 mamita ematare emhangura muna 2016, 15 muzana kuwedzera zvichienzanisa ne 2015. Kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwacho kwakakonzerwa nekubatanidzwa kweZaldívar, basa rekugoverana kwemakiromita anenge makiromita 900 kuchamhembe kweSantiago, uye rampu -kufambisa muAntucoy neCentinela Inogadzirisa migodi, iyo yose iriwo iri pakati peChile.
Vale
Bhizilian mining firm firm Vale yakagadzira 453 000 mamita ematare emhangura muna 2016, 7 kubva muzana inowedzera kupfuura 2015. Kubata kwakasimba kwakaguma kwekubudisa zvinyorwa mumabasa ayo eSudbury uye Salobo muBrazil. Vale, imwe yemakambani makuru emadhora emunyika, uyewo migodi iron, nickel, manganese, uye kunyange mashala, achicherechedza pane webhusaiti yeyokuti "iri kushanda nechishuwo chekushandura zvigadzirwa zvepanyika kuti zvibudirire."