Yakanyanya Kupfuura, Yakanakisisa Inotengesa Nzira yeVazhinji Vasingagoni Kuziva Varimi
Izvi zvinokubvumira iwe, semusimari wekutsvaga, kuti uzive mazwi akasiyana, uye unzwisise zvinotendwa nemafungiro anosiyanisa nzira iyo mhuri dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzinosangana nadzo.
Tichazotanga nechose chinangwa chakanaka-chekutsvaga mari kune avo vasingazivi zvavari kuita: Kutsika kwakadhura, zvakasiyana-siyana, nzira isina kufanira (tichazonyora zvinyorwa seLCWDPA kubva kuno kuti tidzikinure nguva). Iko mari inodhura, yakasiyana-siyana, inoshandiswa kwekutsvaga mari yekutsvaga inobva pane zvakaitika kare kare kuti pane zvakakwana zvakasiyana, mumiririri wemazita ematokari akafanana, akachengetedzwa pamadhora ekudarika zvakanyanya, pamwe nekushambadzira kunogona kudarika ( kushandiswa kwemitero yakaderedzwa), kuchada kuti kuve nemusika wepamusika kudzoka pasina kufunga kwakawanda.
Muchidimbu, LCWDPA inoda kuti:
- Kutenga kuunganidza kukuru kwezvakanaka, kwenguva yakareba kubata, kushandiswa kwemazana emabhizimisi akawanda, masheji, maruji emakambani makuru, uye kunyange nyika
- Kusambozvitengesa izvi zvinyorwa pasi pezvimwe zviitiko, zvisinei kuti vanoora mwoyo sei
- Nguva dzose kutenga zvinyorwa nekuisa mari yakachena muakaunti yako yekutengeserana , zvichida kunyange kudzorera zvikamu zvako
- Kuchengeta mari zvakaderera sezvingabvira nokuti mari imwe neimwe yaunoponesa imwe peni inowedzera mhuri yako
Uchapupu hunodzidzisa huri pachena hunoratidza kuti hahushandisi chete, asi hunoshanda zvakanaka pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akawanda nokuti hunodzivirira vatengesi kubva kune avo vasina hanya, inoderedza kudiwa kwekunzwisisa kuverenga uye mari (haufaniri kuziva kuti ungaverenga sei mushumo wemari kana ibhadharo pepa ), inoda kusatombova nekuzvipira kwenguva, uye iyo tsvina-inodhura.
Kubatana pakati peChirongwa chekutsvaga uye Index Funds
IWCWDPA yave iripo nokusingaperi, asi inoratidzika seyakakosha mukuzivikanwa kwemakumi emakore mashomanana, kuuya uye kuenda mumafashoni semafashoni kana mumhanzi (izvo zvinonyadzisa, chaizvoizvo, nokuti zvinoshanda zvakanaka kune avo vane chirango chokunamatira it). Nzira iri nyore yekushandisa nzira iyi yekutsvaga mari ndeyokutenga mari yemari , kugadzirisa nguva dzose, zvimwe zvekutenga kuburikidza nemuitiro unonzi dollar unodhura kuwandisa , uye rega nguva iite zvimwe. Kunyange zvazvo yakapfuura haisi chivimbo chemangwana, pose apo muzvinamate akatevedzera mutemo uyu, uye akachengeterwa kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu kana kupfuura, zvigumisiro zvave zvakanyanyisa kubhadhara pasinei nedzimwe nguva yemakore ekudurura-madonhwe emvura.
Izvozvo zvinoratidzika zvakakodzera, nokuti, nenyaya dzose, kuwedzera kwekutsvaga kwemuganhu uyu wekutsvaga mari kunogona kupiwa kuna John Bogle, muvambi we mutual fund company Vanguard, uyo akavaka basa rake kubatsira vabatsiri kuchengetedza mari yavo yakawanda kuburikidza nekuparidza evhangeri vanogara pasi LCWDPA.
Bogle akatanga kutora chikonzero chemasvomhu chekuti nei LCWDPA inoshanda zvakanaka panguva yepurojekiti yaakamboita semukuru muPrinceton University. Iko kutsvakurudza kwakaunza kumudzidzi wake wepamusoro-soro, izvo zvakazozviratidza pachavo mukutanga S & P 500 index index makore gare gare. Mazuva ano, mari yaakaunza kuti ibudirire - Vanguard 500 Index - ndiyo yakakura kune iyo yose, chero kupi zvako munyika. Inobata mari inodarika $ 190 mabhiriyoni muzvinhu, ine mubhadharo wekubhadhara we3% chete (inoratidza kuwanda kwemari inobatwa kwemakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu), uye chikamu chemari yekutengesa mari ye 0.17% pagore. Iyo ine-single-handedly yakapa mari yakachengeteka yevamwe veMamerica kupfuura inenge imwe yega-imwe chete-yega, yega yega michina yemari.
Index Funds Usambogara Uchienzanisa Nemaitiro Mashoma Okutsvaga
Kune vashandi vane zvikwereti zvakanyanya, mari yekuenzanisira kazhinji inosarudzo yakanakisisa kana iwe uchida kushandiswa kwechirongwa ichi chekuisa mari.
Sezvo Bogle pachake anonyora mumabhuku ake akawanda, kusanganisira tome yakaisvonaka inonzi Common Sense pamutauro weMutual Funds , iyo yakawanda yakawanda yakawanda-yakakwana yevarume nevakadzi vane zeros shomanana pakupedzisira kwematare avo vanofanirwa kugoverana mutengo wemari pamwe chete uye kuvaka purojekti yakanamatira yezvimwe zvikwata uchishandiswa zvakafanana nekufungidzira uzivi. Kwete kungangodhura kunogona kunge kwakaderera kudarika kunyange mari inodhura yakawanda, asi muridzi wekambani anogona kushandisa imwe nzira yekuisa mari inozivikanwa semutero-kurasikirwa kwekukohwa kuti kuderedza kuwandisa kwemapatotipu akatorwa nehurumende.
Muenzaniso wakakwana wekuti chiito chakadaro chingaita sei ndeye ING Corporate Leaders Trust. Kudzoka muna 1935, mutungamiri weporofigheti akarongerwa kuvaka gorosi rebhuruu-chip, zvikwereti zvakabhadharwa, zvinotarisirwa nokusingaperi, pasina maneja, uye pasina mari kana mari. Zvikamu zvakabviswa chete apo zvaive zvakagadziriswa, zvakashungurudzwa, kana kutambura zvimwe zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sokuparadzanisa kubviswa kana chikwereti chisina kukwana. Uyai kana kupenya, kugehena kana mvura yakakwirira, kuora mwoyo, kuderedza mutoro , hondo, runyararo, kutengesa kwezvinhu , kutengesa , nezvimwe zvose zvinogona kufungidzirwa, matanda akasara asina kuonekwa. Ikopafigiro yakabhadharwa zvikwereti zvayo kuti vadzidzi vashandise, vese, vadzose, kana kuti vape kupa rudo, uye ndizvo zvaive.
Sezvo ani zvake akatarisa zvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo pamusoro pehurukuro angatarisira, iyi inoratidzika se "mari isina kugadzikana" inoshandisa mari yekutsvaga - iyo inonyanya kutarisa kupfuura chikwereti chekuenzanisira - yakaputsika mukati mekunge mutual fund pamusoro pemakore 79 akapfuura, kuunza kuwedzera mutengo unoda kusvika kaviri vadzikwi vacho. Nyaya yemakambani ichiri kushamisa nokuti yekare yekutengesa yakatengwa nemadzimambo emazuva ano. Semuenzaniso, mutyairi asina ruzivo anogona kutarisa mazita ezvisikwa zvemasango uye asingakoshi anogumisa kuti Standard Oil yeNew Jersey uye Socony-Vacuum Mafuta ikozvino yakashata. Pane zvakasiyana, vakatengwa kunze kwemakore uye vakaputirwa zvikamu zveExx Mobil, iye zvino muridzi. The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad yakatengwa neBurlington Northern Santa Fe, iyo yakawanikwa muchitoro neWarren Buffett 's conglomerate, Berkshire Hathaway .
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakanyanya kupokana iwe unonzwa kune zvakaderera, zvakasiyana-siyana, kushandiswa kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga mari kubva kune avo vasinganzwisisi magetsi ezvo nzira inoenderana nekunamatira. "Zvakadini kana mamwe ematokari achikanganisika uye iwe unorasikirwa nezvinhu zvose zvaunoisa mukati mavo ?!" vanodanidzira sekuti vakaratidza pfungwa. Hapana chingave chiri mberi kubva kuchokwadi. Apo chikamu ichi chinoumbwa nemakambani akanaka uye kupararira pakati pezvikwata zvakakwana, hazviwanzo dambudziko. Semuenzaniso, ING Corporate Leaders Trust takave tichitaurirana nezvemasangano akachengetwa eEastman Kodak, akaenda kunenge madhora 0 asati atanga kudzivirirwa kubva kumatare ekudarika. Zvisinei, pasinei nekuguma mune imwe sarudzo inosvika ~ $ 0 per share, Eastman Kodak ichiri kuita kuti vatenzi vekuvimba vave nemari yakawanda yemakumi makumi emakore zvichienderana nemakore 1.) zvikamu zvakabhadharwa pamakore, 2.) -off yemakemikari akaparadzana uye 3.) kurasikirwa kwemitero kunokwidziridzwa kwakawanikwa kubva kubhadhara rekuisa mari, kubhadhara mari kubva kune imwe, zvakanyanya kubudirira kuisa mari. Nenzira yakati, izvi zviri nyore kukanganikwa (kana, zvichida, zvisingazivikanwi) nevasiri vadzidzisi vanoita zvoupenzi kutarisa chinhu kunze kwechikwata chematengo, kusazvidza zvinhu zvehupfumi.
Ndiani Akanakisisa Anokodzera Kuda Kwekutsvaga Kwekutsvaga?
Kazhinji kutaura, mumwe wevatengesi vanogona kushandisa zvakanakisisa zvikomborero zvechikoro chekuchengetedza mari yekufunga vachave avo:
- Haudi kupedza nguva yakawanda kuchengeta zvinhu zvavo. Havana kufadza pfungwa yekuverenga 10K kuisa mafirimu nenzvimbo yemoto asi zviri nani kunge vachiita zvimwe zvinhu neshamwari dzavo nemhuri.
- Vanonzwa vakasimba uye vanogona kuita kuti misoro yavo itonge mwoyo yavo, kwete kurasikirwa nehope yehope apo mashizha akaparara (kana zvikwereti zviri pasi pacho zvinoumbwa nehupamhi bhuputi hwechibage husingachinje gore negore, kana gumi nemakore makumi emakore (eg, 1900, 1950, 2000, kana 2050, vanhu vachiri kungoshandisa imwe nzira yeClorox kuti vashandise majekiseni).
- Usanzwa kudiwa kwe "kuita" chimwe chinhu. Vanogona kugara pamashure avo uye vatora zero zvachose, kunyange kana vachifunga kuti pane zviri nani zvinoshandiswa pamari yavo, vachibatanidza nechirongwa pasinei nekugumburwa kwekugadzirisa zvigunwe zvavo zvoupenyu hwavo hwose.
- Haunzwi uchida kutarisa akachenjera pamberi pehama dzako kana vashandi. Zvinogona kuoma zvakaoma kutenda, asi ndakatarisa vanhu vasingaverengeki vachirasa kurema mahofisi ekutsvaga kwekutsvaga nokuti vainzwa sokuti vakanga vasipo kune imwe nzira yegoridhe yakanzwika pamusoro pekubata zvidha nevakuru vekuchikoro vodzidza navo. Zvakangoita sokuti vanokanganwa basa repapoti yavo ndeyekuita mari nenzira yakachengetedzeka, zvichiita kuti vaite sevanonakidza.
- Hazvina hanya kana ivo vari pasi kana kupfuura vakagadzira rondedzero mune rimwe gore. Icho chinotyisa asi gwaro rekuita seIng Corporate Corporate Leaders Trust rinenge richienda nenzira yakasiyana-siyana panguva ipi neipi kubva kuS & P 500 kana chero chinyorwa chaunotarisira nokuti, netsanangudzo, ine pachake boka rezvitoro. Chero bedzi iwe uine rusununguko nechikonzero icho mahofisi ari pasi akabatanidzwa mune pepantiyo pakutanga, iwe unofanira kufara nehutano hwekutsvaga kunyange kana nhamba dzako dzakataurwa dzakasiyana kubva pane zvauri kuverenga mupepanhau.
Dzidza nezveMamwe mazano ekutsvaga mari
Tora nguva kuti uverenge mamwe nyaya dzakabatana pamusoro pokuti uone kana pane chirongwa chekutsvaga chinowirirana nehutano hwako zviri nani. Semuenzaniso, iwe ungasarudza nzira yakajeka iyo inoda kutenga mabhizimisi mashomanana anonyatsonaka uye ane mari yakasimba uye kushandisa mari yavo yakanyanya yezvoupfumi. Zvichida, iwe ungasarudza kutenga mutsara wezvikwata zvakajairika izvo zvakawedzera mugove wavo gore negore kwemakore gumi kana makumi maviri, uchifara uchirembera chero bedzi cheki iwe unowanikwa mumeseji ichikura nekupfuura nguva imwe neimwe inopfuura.