Ita Izvi Usati Waita Izvo Zvinotaurira Inoti Zvose Tsvakurudzo
Heino muenzaniso.
Iti iwe wakanga uchinge uchinge uchitora 401 (k) muna 2005 ndokuisa zvose mumba. Izvozvo zvaisazove zvakasiyana, sezvo zvaive zana muzana mune zvekugara. Somugumisiro, muna 2008 iwe wakarasikirwa hafu yezvakakosha sekuti dzimba dzeimba dzichikwira. Kana pane kudaro, iwe waive nemari yakaenzana yehupfumi hwako mumatanda, zvisungo uye musha wekutengesa, iwe ungadai wakarasikirwa ne30 muzana chete.
Asset Allocation Models
Iwe unofanirwa kugovera mari yakawanda sei? Inobva pane zvinhu zvitatu:
- Mazano ako ekutsvaga mari: Uri kuronga kubhadhara, kubvisa pamba, kana kuchengetedza kubhadhara mari paimba?
- Nguva iri mberi: Inguva yakareba sei iwe usati waida mari?
- Kutadza kushivirira: Unogona kumira here kuti uone kuti mari yako inowedzera dzimwe nguva uchiziva kuti, pakufamba kwenguva, iwe uchagamuchira kudzoka kwakakwirira?
Heano mienzaniso:
| Investment Goal | Time Horizon | Dambudziko rekutsungirira |
|---|---|---|
| Retirement Planning | Yakareba | High |
| Kuchengetera Kudhakwa Kwekubhadhara | Short | Low |
| Akarega | Yakareba | Low |
Zvinangwa zvako, nguva yakatarisa, uye kushungurudzika kwengozi kuchaona mhando yaunofanira kushandisa.
Kana iwe unogona kutsungirira dambudziko guru kuti uwane yakakwirira kudzoka, iwe uchaisa zvakawanda mumatokari uye mutengo wemari. Vaya vane ukama hwakanyanya husina ngozi hunonamatira zvisungo. Vaya vane ukama hwakanyanya kune ngozi, kana avo vanoda mari yavo mukati megore rinotevera, vanofanira kuva nemari yakawanda.
Kana iwe uine nguva refu, iwe unogona kukwanisa kuisa zvizhinji mumba mako, uye wozviona zvichikura.
Kusvikira muna 2008 matambudziko emari , matengo emigodhi haawanzowa. Kana uine nguva shoma, uise zvakawanda muzvisungo kana kunyange mari.
Asset Classes
Boka rega rega rega rinopa zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvezvipingamupinyi nemubairo. Heano ma matatu matatu easset classes, anotarirwa kubva kune risina ngozi kune riskiest:
- Cash: Dambudziko risina kunaka, asi kudzoka kwakaipa kana iwe watora mari yekutengesa. Mari yemusika mari uye zviiti zvekuisa zviri mune iyi.
- Zvikwereti : Ikoko marudzi mazhinji ezvisungo, asi zvose zvakasimbiswa mari inowanikwa mari . Iyo yakachengeteka ndiyo US bond Treasures . Ivo makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana vanovimbiswa nehurumende yehurumende uye vanopa kudzoka zvishoma kudarika mari. Hurumende uye hurumende zvisungo zvinopa mukana muduku uye mubayiro. Bhutisheni dzehurumende dzinopa kudzoka kukuru, asi iwe unewo ngozi yakawanda yokuti inenge isisina. Izvozvo zvinonyanya kudikanwa nejunk zvisungo . Iwe unofanirwawo kutarisa zvibvumirano zvenyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira misika inotanga kubuda , pamwe chete neimba.
- Nhamba : Izvi zvinotyisa kupfuura zvisungo nokuti iwe unogona kurasikirwa zana muzana yekutsvaga kwako. Nokufamba kwenguva, mashizha anopa kudzoka kukuru uye achabuda muchengeti wepasi. Muchikwata, pane zvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nekukura kweiyo capitalization : duku kapu , pakati pevha uye hombe huru . Kufanana nezvisungo, iwe unofanirwa kuva nemamwe matika emakambani emakambani uye anotengeswa pamwe chete neimba.
Kune dzakawanda mamwe makirasi maunofanira kufunga zvakare:
- Real estate: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuenzana mumba mako, izvo vauri vemazano vakawanda vezvemari vasingagoni kuverenga nokuti iwe unogara mairi. Asi kukosha kunogona kuipa. Iwe unogona kurasikirwa nemari yako yese kana iwe uchitarisa. Inogonawo kuwedzera, kukumanikidza kuti uve nezvakawanda mune iyi imwe yemaatisi.
- Derivatives : Izvi zvinopa dambudziko guru uye rinodzoka. Ramba uri mupfungwa iwe unogona kurasikirwa ZVAKAWANDA pane iwe waunotora.
- Zvokudya : Dambudziko rinogona kusiyana nokuti kune marudzi akawanda. Zvisinei, vashandi vakawanda vanofanira kunge vane zvikamu zvehutano hunobatanidza mafuta. Iko inofanira kusimuka pamusoro penguva refu sezvo zvinhu zvinopera. Iwe haufaniri kuva neanopfuura 10 muzana yekugoverwa mugoridhe .
- Currencies: Sezvo dollar inoderera pamusoro penguva refu, zvakakosha kuva nezvinhu zvakarongwa mune mari dzedzimwe nyika seyuro. Iyo inokudzivirira iwe pakurambidzwa kwepabhiri. Somuenzaniso, apo dhora risina simba, saka euro inesimba . Idzo mbiri dzakasanganiswa dzakasiyana-siyana, saka dzinoita nharo pamwe chete mumisika ye forex.
Strategic Versus Tactical Asset Allocation
Zvinangwa zvako, nguva yakatarisa, uye kushivirira kune njodzi inogadzirisa iwe sarudzo yako yekugovera . Kana ukasarudza pamusoro pesarudzo yako, chikamu chepodfolio yako muga yega yega yega yega ichagara yakafanana. Iwe hausi kuchinja zvaunenge uchigovera kunze kwekuti zvinangwa zvako, nguva yakatarisa, kana kushivirira kushivirira kunochinja. Mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kune gumi nemaviri unoongorora chikoro chako. Iwe unogona kuwedzera kuwedzera kana kubvisa pane zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana kuti udzoke zvakare iwe wakarongedzerwa mazairo ekugoverwa. Kana zvikwata zvakasimuka makumi maviri kubva muzana iwe uchange uine uwandu hwehuwandu mumatanda . Iwe unoda kutengesa zvimwe uye kutenga mabhizimisi.
Heano muenzaniso wekuti iwe unogona kuchinja sarudzo yako. Vazhinji vatyairi vekutsungirira kwekutengesa njodzi vakadonha mushure mekutambudzika kwemari muna 2008. Kusvikira panguva iyo, vanhu vakawanda vakanga vasati vaona kurasikirwa kukuru. Vakapika kuti havangambovadzoseri zvakare. Nzira yako yekugadzirisa inoshanduka sezera rako, uye nguva yako inotarisa inova shoma.
Tactical asset allocation ndiyo iyo iwe unogadzirisazve chikwereti chako mukugadzirisa kuchinja kwemamiriro emisika. Zvinoda kunyanya kubatanidzwa uye kune ngozi. Semuenzaniso, apo nhamba dzemafuta dzawa muna 2014 uye 2015, maitiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu angangodaro kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu. Murengeti aizotarisira kuti mutengo waizowedzera. Vaya vane ruzivo ruzivo ndivo vanofanira kuedza maitiro ekugoverwa kwezvinhu.
Mukuderera: Kubatsirwa neBusiness Cycle | Sarudza Good Mutual Fund | Mutual Funds Inopesana Nezvikwereti? | Vanhu Vose Vanotengesa Vatengi Vanotenga Sei Mari?