Chii Chinonzi Smart Polymers?

Iko Kushushikana-Kuzvipira Kwemapurisa Kunoshandiswa mu Biotechnology

Mapolymym , e-polymers anogadzirisa, ane zvinhu zvinoumbwa nemapurimi anopindura nenzira inoshamisa yekuchinja kwakanyanya kuderera munzvimbo yavo. Masayendisiti achiongorora mapurogiramu chaiwo akadzidza maitiro avanoita mumagadziriro ehupenyu uye ikozvino achishandisa ruzivo irworwo kuti aite zvinhu zvakafanana zvakagadzirwa nevanhu zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu. Aya mapurogiramu ekugadzira anogona kubatsira zvikuru kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa kusanganisira zvimwe zvine chokuita ne biotechnology uye biomedicine.

Iyo Smart Polymers Inoshandiswa Sei

Mapolymym akachenjera ari kuwedzera kukura sezvinosayendisiti masayendisiti anodzidza pamusoro pemakemikari uye zvinokonzera izvo zvinokonzera kuchinja kushanduka mumapuranga ehurumende uye kuronga nzira dzokushandisa nayo nekudzidzora. Zvinhu zvitsva zvepolymeric zviri kushandiswa kwemakemikari kuti pfungwa dzinoshanduka mumamiriro ezvinhu ezvigadzirwa zvehupenyu, uye dzinogadzirisa nenzira isingafungidziki , zvichiita kuti zvive zvishandiso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvirongwa zvekugadzirisa zvirwere.

Munharaunda iyi ichangobva kuwanikwa ye biotechnology, zvigadziriswa zvekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye kushandiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kune mapurogiramu akachenjera anoita seasingagumi. Pari zvino, kushandiswa kunowanikwa kwose kwemaf smart mapurisa mu biomedicine ndeyekutsvaga zvinongororwa zvinodhaka.

Kuenzanisa uye Chemistry ye Smart Polymers

Kubvira pakasvika nguva yekubudiswa kwemishonga , masayendisiti ave akatarisana nechinetso chekuwana nzira dzekuendesa zvinodhaka kune imwe nzvimbo panzvimbo yemuviri musina kuva nekutanga kutonhora mumamiriro ekunze emukati.

Kudzivirirwa kwemigumisiro yakaipa kusvika kune utano hwakanaka nehutachiona kunokosha zvakare. Vatsvakurudzi vakaronga nzira dzekushandisa mapurogiramu akachenjera kuti atungamirire kusunungurwa kwezvinodhaka kusvikira kushandiswa kwehurumende kwasvika pane zvaunoda. Iyi kusunungurwa inotungamirirwa nekemikemikari kana chikonzero chemuviri.

Mhando dzakasvibirira uye matrix dzakagadziriswa dziripo nemarudzi akasiyana siyana zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo emagetsi uye mapurani emaketani. Aya mapoka anogona kunge ari kuteerera pH, kutonhora, simba reoni, magetsi kana magnetic, uye chiedza. Mimwe mapolymers inonzwisisana nechepakati-yakabatana nezvisungo zvisiri izvo zvinogona kuputsa uye kugadzirisa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze. Nanotechnology yave ichikosha pakudzika kweimwe nhengo dzeanoparticle dzakadai semadhenari uye fullerenes , izvo zvakashandiswa pakupa zvinodhaka. Kushandiswa kwechirwere chechirwere chakashandiswa kuburikidza nekushandisa malasc acid acid. Zvimwe zviitiko zvenguva ichangopfuura zvakaona kuumbwa kwe-lattice-like matrices iyo inobata mishonga yekufarira inobatanidza kana inobatanidzwa pakati pezvigadziro zvepolymmer.

Matriyumu emapolymeri akachena anosunungura zvinodhaka nemakemikari kana mararamiro-anogadzirisa zvinoitika, kazhinji kushandiswa kwehydrolysis kunokonzera kusagadzikana kwezvisungo uye kusunungurwa kwemishonga sezvo matrix inopera muzvinhu zvakasikwa. Kushandiswa kwemapurimi emasikirwo kwakapa nzira yekugadzira mapurogiramu akadai semapiryanhydrides, polyesters, polyacrylic acid, poly (methyl methacrylates), uye polyurethanes. Hydrophilic, amorphous, low-molecular-weight polymers ane heteroatoms (kureva, mamwe maatomu kunze kwekoni) ave akawanikwa kuti anonyadzisa zvakanyanya.

Masayendisiti anoronga muyero wekushandisa zvinodhaka nekusiyanisa zvinhu izvi nekugadzirisa chiyero chekuora mwoyo.