12.5 Mamiriyoni eAmerica Anowana $ 82,023 / Gore muMhando dzeMabasa
Semuenzaniso, zviyo zvekubika, candy stores, uye vatsika vemaitiro vanoonekwa sekutengeswa nokuti vanogadzira michero kunze kwezvikamu.
Kune rumwe rutivi, bhuku rokudhinda, kugadzira matanda, uye migodhi hazvibvunzwi sekugadzirwa nokuti hazvishanduki zvakanaka kuva chigadzirwa chitsva.
Chivakwa chiri muboka rayo uye hachina kufungidzirwa kushandiswa. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona Top 10 New Homebuilders uye Basa reMabhizimisi Edzimba Imba . (Ikoko: "NAICS," US Census Bureau.)
Kune mamiriyoni 12.5 eAmerica mukuita mabasa. Muna 2016, vakagamuchira $ 82,023 (inosanganisira kubhadhara uye kubatsiri) pamwero. Ndiyo 12 muzana yepamusoro pevashandi vanoita basa. Vakabudisa $ 2.18 trillion, kana 11.7 muzana, yehupfumi hwenyika yacho. Kugadzira chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chemugadziri wezvokudya zveimba .
IUnited States ndiyo inoshandiswa zvikuru munyika, pa18.2 muzana yehuwandu. China inopera yechipiri, pa17,6 muzana. Zvechokwadi, kudai kuUnited States kwaive nyika, ndiyo yaizova yegumi kupfuura dzose pasi rose. American kugadzira oga inobereka zvinopfuura zvese zvemari zveCanada kana Mexico .
US vanoita vashandi ndivo vanobudirira kwazvo munyika. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuwedzerwa kushandiswa kwemakombiyuta uye robotics. Vakaderedzawo nhamba yemabasa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa vashandi.
Mitambo yeMabasa ekufambisa
Nhamba yacho inoparadzanisa zvinyorwa zvekugadzira munzvimbo dzakawanda. Heino chidimbu.
- Zvokudya, Zvokudya, uye Fodya
- Zvishandiso, Leather, uye Apparel
- Wood, Paper, and Printing
- Petroleum, Coal, Chemicals, Plastics and Rubber
- Nonmetallic Mineral
- Primary Metal, Yakagadzirwa Nesimbi, uye Mashini
- Computer uye Electronics
- Zvombo zveMagetsi, Zvigadziri, uye Zvikamu
- Kutakura
- Simba
- Kusiyana kwakasiyana
Kana uchida tsanangudzo pamusoro peimwe yemabhizimisi, enda kuInternet Index. Ichakuudza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvikamu, kusanganisira matanho uye mutengo mumhizha. Iwe uchawanawo nhamba pamusoro pevashandi pachavo pachavo, kusanganisira kuurayiwa, kukuvara, uye zvirwere.
Chinhu chechipiri chishandiswa ndicho Bureau of Labor Statistics . Inopa mutungamiri kune mhando yemabasa ari mumakambani aya. Heino mutsva pfupi:
- Assemblers uye Fabricators
- Bakers
- Dental Laboratory Technicians
- Food Processing Occupations
- Food Processing Operators
- Jewelers uye Vanokosha Vematombo uye Masheji Vanoshanda
- Machinist and Tool and Die
- Medical Appliance Technicians
- Metal uye Plastic Machine Workers
- Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians
- Kupora uye Kugadzira Vashandi
- Power Plant Plant Operators
- Printing
- Quality Control
- Semiconductor Processors
- Sewers uye Tailors
- Varoyi uye Nyama Zvokudya
- Stationary Engineers uye Boiler Operators
- Upholsterers
- Mvura uye Mvura Inoshandiswa Kwemvura
- Welders, Cutters, Solderers
- Woodworkers
Iyo BLS inotsanangura kuti mabasa aya akaita sei, kuti dzidzo kana kuti kudzidziswa kunoda zvakadini, uye iyo mibare yevashandi. Ichakutaurirawo kuti chii chakaita kushanda mubasa, kuti vangani varipo, uye kana iri munda unokura. Iwe unogonawo kuwana hupi humwe unyanzvi hunoshandiswa, zvisinei kuti chiyeuchidzo chaicho chinodiwa, uye kuti ungawana sei kudzidziswa kunoda. Uyu mutungamiri unogona kuwanikwa paUkuita Mabasa.
Trends in Jobs Manufacturing
Kugadzira zvinhu zvinoshanduka, uye ndizvo zvakaitawo unyanzvi hwemabasa hunodiwa. Vagadziri vanogara vachitsvaga nzira dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvavo. Ndicho chikonzero, kunyange zvazvo nhamba yemabasa inorongedzwa kuti ide, mabasa anosara angangodaro akabhadharwa zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, ivo vachada dzidzo uye kudzidziswa kuwana unyanzvi hunodiwa.
Ndizvo zvikonzero zviviri. Kutanga, kuda kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvinowedzera kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzinotanga kufanana neIndia neChina. McKinsey inofungidzira kuti iyi inenge inenge katatu, kusvika ku $ 30 trillion, muna 2025. Nyika idzi dzaizoda 70 muzana yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa pasi rose.
Izvi zvinoda kuchinja sei mabasa ekugadzira? Makambani achafanirwa kupa zvikwereti zvakananga kune zvinodiwa mumisika idzi dzakasiyana. Somugumisiro, basa rebasa revatengi richava rinokosha zvikuru kune vanogadzira.
Chechipiri, vadziri vekugadzira teknolojia yepamusoro-soro kuti vose vawirirane nezvinhu izvi zvakadzama uye kuderedza mari. Hewa nhanhatu:
- Nanotechnology iri kuvaka nguva itsva ye microelectronics.
- Simba risina kusimba, aluminium, uye carbon fibers vari kuita motokari zvishoma uye zvinowedzera mafuta.
- Bio-engineering inogadzira mishonga yakawanda inogadzirwa nemishonga.
- 3D kudhinda kunogadzira zvidhori kuburikidza nekubatanidza zviduku zvishoma panzvimbo pane kupinza kana kudonhedzera. Zvisinei, vari kushandiswa kakawanda kuti vagadzire zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa zvinhu uye kushandiswa nhengo dzevanhu.
- Robhoti iri kuve yakanyanyisa.
- Nyaya huru iri kushandiswa kuongorora maitiro evanhu uye kutungamira michina yekugadzirwa.
(Chinobva: "Gadzirira Kugadzirira Era Itsva Yokugadzirwa Kwepasi rose," Harvard Business Review, January 31, 2013.)