Qualifications
Hedge fund vatengesi vanowanzodikanwa kuva ne $ 1 mamiriyoni mumutengo wakakodzera. Vanoda chikwata ichi chekutsvaga kudengenyeka kwakakura mumapatoti avo mukutsvaga kwekudzoka kwepamusoro. Vanofanirawo kuchengetedza mari yavo vakasungirirwa kwemwedzi mitatu kana kupfuura inotarisirwa nehedge mari. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinopfuura hafu zvine makore matatu.
Vanowanzofanira kunge vachida kubhadhara 2 kubva muzana yezvinhu zvavakapa uye 20 muzana yezvimwe zviwanikwa. Uyu mutengo wepamusoro unokosha kune avo kuti vasave nemusika . Vamwe vachiri kuedza kudzorera kurasikirwa kwakaitwa panguva yekuparara kwa2008 .
Vanewo vashandi vanoita zvekurima. Vanonzwisisa kuti leveraging inoshanda sei kuburikidza nemasarudzo , mune ramangwana zvibvumirano , uye nezvimwe zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa nehedge mari yekusimudzira kudzoka. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti vanoda kutsungirira panjodzi apo hutori hunoenda kumaodzanyemba.
Vanofanirawo kuva vatongi vakanaka vemunhu.
Mahombekombe akawanda haatauri zvavanoita kuti vadzoke. Kushayikwa kwekujeka kunoreva kuti vanogona kunge vari Ponzi zvirongwa , zvakadai seimwe inomhanya naBernie Madoff .
Chikonzero nei Vachiisa muHedge Funds
Vaya vashandi vakuru vanoisa zvishoma pasi pe20 muzana yezvinhu zvavo mumatombo emari. Vazhinji vatengesi vanochengetedza, semakambani einishuwarenzi, mari yepensheni nemari yehupfumi, inopa zvishoma kudarika 10% yehutano hwavo hwose.
Izvi ndezvekuti ivo vari kutsvaga mari yekusimwa isingabatanidzi pamwe chete nemari yavo yose . Izvi zvinoreva kuti, kana mari yekutengesera ichirasikirwa kukosha, hutge fund inotengeswa ichasimudza. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanoshandisa mari yehuta kuti vawedzere kusiyanisa kwavo. Vanoziva kuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinotakura huwandu huchawedzera huwandu hwekudzoka kwemazuva nekuderedza kusagadzikana kwese. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, varairidzi havaenzanisi nekushanda kwemari yavo yehedge fund kune zviyero zvakafanana seS & P 500 , NASDAQ kana Dow Jones .
Zvinotoshamisa kuti vazhinji vehedge fund vatengesi havasi kutsvaga yakakwirira-kupfuura-inodzokorora. Ivo chete 6 kubva muzana vaifunga kuti vanogona kuwana 10 muzana kana kupfuura gore negore kudzoka. Vanongoda havo kutsungirira mungozi iyo inosanganisira. Pane kudaro, 67 muzana vari kutsvaga kudzoka kwegore negore pakati pe4 muzana uye 6 muzana. Izvi zvichida nokuti vanofanirwa kuzivisa kumapuranga vanogona kuzvipisa kana vakatsigira kurasikirwa.
Mhuri inovimba mari inoshandisa hedge funds kuti iwanikwe kune pfungwa dzakanakisisa muhutano. Sei kuvhara mari kuchikoshesa vashandi vekuchenjera zvikuru? Nokuti vanobhadhara zvakanyanya. Asi 22 kubva muzana yevatengesi vanoti mari yakawanda ndeyekuti vanogadzirisa, kana kuti kunyange kudzivisa, hedge funds.
Investor Trends
Mari yepensheni yakabva yatanga kuisa mari kune hedge funds kusimbisa kudzoka.
Vakaziva kuti vangave vasina hurumende inoda kuvhara kuwanda kwevana vacheche, uye vari kuedza kuparadzanisa mumusika kuvhara zvikwereti izvi. Zvinosuruvarisa, hupenyu hunotyisa hwehedge mari, uye kusagadzikana kwemitemo, zvinoreva izvi mari yepensheni haigoni kuvhara zvipikirwa zvavo.
Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinoratidza kuti vari kuve vashoma kududzirwa. Muna 2014, vakadzoka chete ne3.3% paavhareji, zvakaderera kupfuura S & P 500. Uyewo, inenge yakawanda yehuta mari inoshandiswa gore roga roga sezvakasikwa. Vazhinji vanoona mari vanoziva kuti vari kutora dambudziko rose, asi ruzivo rwemari haruri kubhadhara mibayiro yekugadzirisa dambudziko iri. (Kwaibva: Juliet Chung, "Pamusoro peRawayback Trail muHedge Funds," Wall Street Journal, January 30, 2015)
Ndicho chikonzero chiCalifornia Public Employees 'Retirement System chakazivisa kuti chaizotora zvayo madhora mabhiriyoni mana emadhora emari muna 2014.
Yakangogamuchira 7.1 muzana inodzoka mugore rapera. Izvozvo zvinonzwika zvakanaka kusvikira zvichienzaniswa ne12.5 muzana yekudzoka kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga, Vanguard Balanced Index Fund. Iine yekutengeserana kwemazana makumi matanhatu ematokari uye 40 muzana zvisungo. (Inobva: "Hedge Funds, Troubling Return," The Wall Street Journal, Svondo 17, 2014.)
Pasinei naizvozvo, kuva nechivimbo 8 muzana yehedge fund investors vari kuchengetedza kana kuwedzerwa kugoverwa kwavo kwemwedzi 18 inotevera. (Kubva: " Kuisa muHedge Funds: Zvose Nezvekudzoka? " Prequin, June 2014.)