Kubhadhara Munyika Yose Kunogona Kuve Kuwedzera Kupfuura Iwe Unofunga
Ikoko muUnited States, izvi pane dzimwe nguva zvaireva kutarisa kunze kwemafunguro emakwenzi ezviyo kumisika yepamusoro yemamwe nyika uye nzvimbo neEurope kuva chisarudzo chakanakidza zvikuru kune vanhu vazhinji uye masangano nekuda kwekuti iri musha kune vakawanda makambani makuru epasi rose; mabhizimisi ayo akapa mubairo vadzimai vane makore gumi mushure memakore gumi ekuonga kukuru uye zvikwereti, zvakadai saUnilever muUnited Kingdom uye The Netherlands, Sanofi muFrance, Henkel muGermany, uye Nestlé muSwitzerland.
Kune avo vasingazivi nezvekutsinhanisa kwenyika dzakawanda, izvi zvinokumbira mubvunzo: sei, chaizvoizvo, munhu anowedzera mari muEurope misika yemabhizimisi here? Kubatsira kupa ruzivo rwakapetwa, rwakarongeka rwevamwe nzira dzakasiyana nevanhu vanogona kuswedera pabasa iri, ndaisa pamwe mazita ematanho mana ekutanga anoita mutyairi uye, kana iye ari kushanda nekambani yekugadzirisa mararamiro kana upfumi hupiro zvakasimba , maneja weiyo yemapatoti kana mutungamiri wezvemari , angaita kuti azadzise chinangwa chekuwedzera dzimwe nyika kubva kune imwe nyika yeAtlantic kuenda kune imwe tswanda yakagadzirwa.
Nzira yekutanga yaungasimudza muEurope yekutengesa mabhizimusi ndeyokutenga zvikamu zveEurope mashizha zvakananga. Iyi nzira ndiyo yakanyatsotarisa uye, kazhinji, inenge isingazivikanwi kune vemuAmerica varairi vanga vane pfuma chete yeimba. Nokuda kwekufananidzira, ngatifunge kuti iwe unosarudza kuti unoda kuva nenhengo dzeChocoladefabriken Lindt & Spruengli AG kuSwitzerland.
Lindt, mumwe wemakambani makuru ekotikiti, ane mabasa akazara pasi pose uye ane zvinhu zvose kubva pakushambadzira kwacho Lindt chocolate brand kuna Ghirardelli, Russell Stover, uye Whitman; mazita ose ayo vakawanda veAmerica vanoziva shure kwehupenyu hwose hwekutsvaira uye kufara. Kunyange zvazvo Lindt ane kechipiri chekugovana , shanduko yepamusoro inotarisirwa nevekutarisira mhuri inoshandisa Swiss Exchange, ine kodzero dzekuvhota, uye yakagadziriswa yakasarudzwa paCAP 67,150 nechikamu. MuUnited States Dollar, iyo inenge madhora 69,313 muga yega parizvino kuchinja kwehuwandu.
Parizvino, zvakananga zvekuti ungaenda sei kutenga mabhizimusi a Lindt zvinopesana zvichienderana nekambani yekwereti yaunoshandisa kuita mabasa ako. Asi kune vakawanda vevatengesi vemabhizimisi, zvinowanzoreva kushevedza mutengesi wemari yekutengesa dawati pafoni kuitira kuti mutengesi chaiyo anogona kukufamba iwe kuburikidza nekutengeserana. Vachaita shanduro yeUnited States yeUnited States yeSwitzerland yekugadzirisa, kutengesa kupararira, uye kukuudza iwe wekupedzisira mutengo wekutengesa pamwe chete neKomisheni, iyo inowanzobatanidza imwezve komiti yemukwereti wekuSwitzerland iyo iyo mutengesi wako ane ukama .
Kana zvikamu zvikaonekwa muakaunti yako yekutengeserana, zvicharatidzwa pasina chiratidzo chekipi (kana, zvishoma, chichava nekwangwani chisingagoni kutengeswa paIndaneti). Nhengo idzi dzicharatidzwawo mu US Dollar yakaenzana, kwete iyo chaiyo yeSwitzerland yakatorwa mutengo, zvichireva kuti inogona kuonekwa kuchinja kwechikara kunyange kana isina kuchinja zvakakosha kukosha ku Swiss stock exchange nokuti muchengeti, zvakare iva iwe mutengesi, arikuudza izvo zvigadzirwa zvingave zvakakosha sei kana iwe ukatengesa nzvimbo yacho uye uchitenderera svondo reSwitzerland rekudzokera ku US dollars.
Yakakosha seyakakosha, chero zvikwereti zvakagamuchirwa muSwitzerland zvichange zvichishandurudzwa zvakare muS $ madhora, mutsetse wekuparadzirwa kwekushandurwa kwemari, uye kuiswa munyaya yekudhinda. Mitero yevatorwa kune hurumende yeSwitzerland icharamba ichidziviswa, kazhinji pamutengo we 35 muzana kunze kwekuti iwe uende kumatambudziko ekubudisa zvinyorwa zvepa pepa mapepa anoreva kodzero yako sechizvarwa cheAmerica, pasi pemubatanidzwa wemitero pakati peUnited States neSwitzerland, kuti asarudze pasi pasi 15 muzana kune imwe nyika inotengeserana mutero inoregererwa.
Cherechedza kuti mune dzimwe nguva, mutongi wako angagona kuratidza kukosha kwechikwata cheSwiss zvikamu muSwitzerland Francs, uye anokubvumira kubata mari yakawanda munyaya yako kuitira kuti zvikamu zviwanike muSwitzerland Francs, zvakare.
Chimwe chinhu chinokanganisa nzira iyi yekutsvaga mari muEurope mashizha ndeyekuti inoda kuisa mari zvishoma mazana emadhora madhora kuburikidza nekutengeswa kwemakomisheni akawedzerwa uye mari kuti zvive nenjere. Iwewo unoda kufunga nezvekugadzirisa kutanga kutenga-uye-kubhadharira mari nokuti shanduro yemari inoshandiswa inoshandisa kuchinja pakati pezvigaro zvinodhura.
Nzira yechipiri yaunogona kuisa muEuropeyo yekutengeserana mabhizimusi ndeyokutenga zvikamu zveEurope mashekeri nekuwana American depository risiti. Imwe nzira yekuisa mari muEurope misika yekutengeserana ndeyokutenga kune dzimwe nyika mashekeri nemaAmerican Depository Receipts (ADRs). Kunyange zvazvo ndakanyora pamusoro pezvizhinji kakawanda munguva yakapfuura, ichinyorwa chiduku ndeichi: ADR yemari yebhishopu, kazhinji sangano reBhange reNew York Mellon, Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase, kana imwe sangano rezvemari, inotenga bhokisi guru re kune dzimwe nyika zvakananga. Izvi zvinobva zvaisa izvi zvekune dzimwe nyika pamabhuku ayo uye nenyaya dzekudzivirira dzinomiririra hutongi hwayo, pamwe chete neyekutengeserana kwemashamba emisika yepamusha, kazhinji paWorld-the-Counter (OTC) mushamba kuitira kuti vashandi vanogona kutenga nokutengesa zvikamu sezvavanokwanisa mombe-enda kuInternet, pinda chiratidzo chekiti, chengorora basa, uye uripe pasi kune wako mutengesi. Kusiyana ndekwokuti ADR depository bhangi inogamuchira chero zvikwereti, inoshandura iyo ku US Dollars, inovapa ivo vadzidzisi ve ADR, uye zvino inopa mari duku ye ADR mukutsinhanisa mabasa ose ayo anoita.
Kunzwisisa mari ye ADR inokosha. Verenga zvakananga izvi kuti udzidze zvaunotarisira kubva kuAADR Fees uye Your International Investments .
Kazhinji, bhadha yeDD depository inobata mutero wekunze kune dzimwe nyika, uye saizvozvo, pasi ye15 muzana inholding rate inotorwa kubva kune zvikamu panzvimbo yepamusoro 35 muzana asi iwe haugoni kuverenga nguva dzose. Dzimwe nguva, ADR inotsigirwa nekambani yekunze pachayo, iyo iyo iyo ADR ichave yakanyatsojeka uye inotumira zvimwe zvinyorwa zvekutonga izvo zvisingambofaniri kutumira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ADR haina kubhadharwa nekambani asi, pane kudaro, yakasikwa nokuti bhanhire reAAD rechengetedza rakafunga kuti kune misika yekuchengetedza uye kuti inogona kuunza mari yekusvika nekupa kuwanikwa kwechitoro.
Imwe dambudziko pakubata ne ADRs ndeyekuti zvivako zvezvemari zvakawanda hazvirevi kana vari kuzivisa chikamu, uye chikamu chekugoverana , zvichienderana nehuwandu husati hwabhadhara mutero, sezvinoitwa nekutengeswa kwedzimba, kana pamusana-we- mutero dividend mushure mokunge kune imwe nyika inenge isingabvumirwi (uye kana iyo yekupedzisira, panguva ipi). Izvi zvinoreva kuti unofanirwa kuita zvimwe zvigadziriswa kuti uuye pane aporo-to-apples dividend comparison. Chimwe chinokanganisa ndechokuti mapurogiramu eADR angashandurwa kana kuti kuchinja nenzira dzausingafungidziri uye usingadi. Kune rumwe rutivi, chimwe chinhu chakanaka che ADRs ndechokuti iwe unogona kazhinji kupwanya iwo uye kutora nhaka yekunze kune dzimwe nyika kana iwe uchisarudza iwe unoda kuti uve nacho, pane. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kubhadhara mari kune imwe, kana kuti zvose, mutengesi wako uye ADR depository bank.
Muenzaniso wenyika chaiwo weAdR yakakurumbira inogona kuwanikwa nekutsvaga kuTypeer chiratidzo NSRGY. Aya ADRs anopiwa neCitibank, iyo inoshanda seAADR gwaro rekuchengetedza mabhidhi nekutora zvipo zveNestlé zvakabhadharwa uye zvinoshandiswa kuSwitzerland.
Nzira yechitatu yaunogona kuisa muEuropean market market ndeyokutenga mari pamwe chete nee ETFs. Iyi nzira yekuisa mari muEurope mashizha inonyanya kukosha kune vashandi vashoma vasina mari yakawanda.
Nekutsvaga mari yekutengeserana kana mari yekutengeserana mari (ETFs) iyo inogadzirisa zvikamu zvavo kumakambani anotungamirirwa, kana kuti iyo inowanikwa zvikamu zvizhinji zvebhizimisi, munyika dzeEurope, unogona kuwana zvakapararira zvekuparidzika zvakapararira pamutengo wakaderera kupfuura iwe unogona kunge uri vanogona kubudirira kuburikidza nekuedza kuvaka zvipo zvakananga. Semuenzaniso-uye ramba uchifunga kuti izvi hazvirevi mazano ekutsvaga asi asi chidzidzo chekudzidzira chinoda kukuratidza kuti dzimwe dzezvivimbiso izvi zvinoshanda sei-tarisa mufananidzo weTikeri VGK, inova Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF. Ichi chakaumbwa chimiro chinoedza kutarisa kushanda kweFTSE Developed Europe Yese Cap Index, iyo inosanganisira mashizha emakambani ari muAustria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal , Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, uye United Kingdom. Panguva yandinonyora iyi, hurukuro gumi zvikuru ndeyeNestlé, Royal Dutch Shell, Novartis, HSBC Holdings, Roche, Unilever, British American Tabi, Total, BP, uye Bayer. Nhamba yebhadharo iri 0.10 muzana. Mwedzi wegumi nemasere mugove wezvibereko ndewe 2.72 muzana.
Haisi yose peaches nekamu, kunyange zvakadaro. Kuisa mari kuburikidza nemotokari yakasanganiswa yakafanana nehomwe yemari , kana yakagadziriswa semutambo wekambani mutengo kana mari yekutengeserana mari, inouya nematambudziko. Kune rumwe rutivi, iwe unowanzova nezvikwereti zvisingabatsiri zvinowanikwa muhupfumiropu. Pasi pechiitiko chisingabatsiri, pane zviitiko zvezviitiko zvinogona kutungamirira kwauri kubhadhara mitero yakawanda pane imwe yepfuma yekare ; iyo inyanzvi yehutano iyo varairi vemazana vakawanda havatombozivi kuti kune mari. Zvichida zvakanyanya kukurudzira ndechokuti iwe unofanirwa kutora zvakanaka nechakaipa, kusanganisira kubata nechinangwa chekambani uye kushandiswa kwemakambani ekugadzirisa chikwereti. Somuenzaniso, Vanguard inonzi FTSE Europe ETF inonzi inopfuura imwechete yechishanu yemari yayo inotengeswa mumabhizimisi emari yemari. Icho chiyero chinorehwa chinopiwa kune imwe nzvimbo yehupfumi uye iyo inogona kuva nehuwandu hwehutano hwakakonzerwa .
Nzira yechina yaunogona kuisa muEurope yekutengeserana mabhizimusi ndeyokuwana pfuma mumakambani emakambani nekutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda nekutengesa. Ikoko kunogona kuva netsika kune vashandi, kunyanya avo vari vatsva pakuisa mari muzvikwata zvakafanana, kuti vaite zvisina kukodzera kambani neyo nyika iyo inotarisana nayo. Kune humwe hukama hwakanaka hwezvikwama ikozvino muUnited States iyo inokosha zvikuru, uye, mune dzimwe nguva, huwandu huzhinji, hwekutengesa nehupfumi hunotangira munyika-makambani akadai seThe Coca-Cola Company, Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, naFiripi Morris International vanouya mupfungwa nokukurumidza. Kutaura zvazviri, US inokurumidza kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo iyo hafu yekutengeswa inoumbwa neS & P 500 inobva mumabasa kunze kweUnited States. Muna 2016, yeEurope yakapa zvishoma kudarika 8 muzana yemari yeS & P 500, kana kuti $ 1 kubva kune $ 12.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuburikidza nekuisa mari mumakambani emhando dzebhuruu , iwe unogona kunyanya kuisa muEurope zvisati zvazviziva.
Iko Balance haisi kupa mutero, utsvaga, kana mari yemari uye mazano. Mashoko aya ari kuendeswa asina kufunga nezvezvinangwa zvekutsvaga, kushivirira kune ngozi, kana mamiriro emari yemumwe mutengesi chaiyo uye angave asina kukodzera kune varairi vese. Basa rekare harisi kuratidza migumisiro yemangwana. Kuisa mari kunosanganisira njodzi dzinosanganisira kurasikirwa kwatinoitwa mukuru.